See 堅固 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "堅固"
},
"expansion": "堅固",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅%固",
"2": "けん%ご",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "견고(堅固)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "堅固",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅固",
"2": "けん%ご",
"3": "견고",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "堅固",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "堅固",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "堅%固",
"v": "堅固",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けん%ご",
"3": "견고",
"4": "",
"j": "堅%固"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚固",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "堅固",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm and solid; rigid; stable"
],
"id": "en-堅固-zh-adj-XUSkGNjT",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"stable",
"stable"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "jiāgù",
"word": "加固"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiānshí",
"word": "堅實"
},
{
"roman": "jiānshí",
"word": "坚实"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyìng",
"word": "堅硬"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyìng",
"word": "坚硬"
},
{
"word": "扎實"
},
{
"english": "of foundations",
"roman": "shēnhòu",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "深厚"
},
{
"roman": "láo",
"word": "牢"
},
{
"roman": "láogù",
"word": "牢固"
},
{
"roman": "láoláo",
"word": "牢牢"
},
{
"roman": "láokào",
"word": "牢靠"
},
{
"roman": "cí",
"word": "瓷"
},
{
"roman": "wěngù",
"word": "穩固"
},
{
"roman": "wěngù",
"word": "稳固"
},
{
"word": "結實"
},
{
"word": "结实"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnshí",
"word": "緊實"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnshí",
"word": "紧实"
},
{
"roman": "gǒng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "鞏"
},
{
"roman": "gǒng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "巩"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "鞏固"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "巩固"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāngù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-kò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giang¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giêng¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāngù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiangù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-ku⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianguh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньгу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹgu"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kuː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gien^ˊ gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ gu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gian^ˊ gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ gu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-kòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kienkox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang kù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kieng kù"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kieŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kuː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kieŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "堅固"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "堅固"
},
"expansion": "堅固",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅%固",
"2": "けん%ご",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "견고(堅固)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "堅固",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅固",
"2": "けん%ご",
"3": "견고",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "堅固",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "堅固",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "堅%固",
"v": "堅固",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "けん%ご",
"3": "견고",
"4": "",
"j": "堅%固"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (堅固):\n* → Japanese: 堅(けん)固(ご) (kengo)\n* → Korean: 견고(堅固) (gyeon'go)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚固",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "堅固",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jiāgù",
"word": "加固"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese adjectives",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 固",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堅",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hakka adjectives",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hokkien adjectives",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Mandarin adjectives",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
"Mandarin terms with homophones",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Teochew adjectives",
"Teochew lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"firm and solid; rigid; stable"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"stable",
"stable"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāngù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-kò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giang¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "giêng¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāngù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiangù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-ku⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianguh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньгу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹgu"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kuː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kiên-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gien^ˊ gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ gu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kiân-ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gian^ˊ gu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gian¹ gu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-kòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kienkox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kiang kù"
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kieng kù"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kieŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kuː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiaŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kieŋ³³⁻²³ ku²¹³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiānshí",
"word": "堅實"
},
{
"roman": "jiānshí",
"word": "坚实"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyìng",
"word": "堅硬"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyìng",
"word": "坚硬"
},
{
"word": "扎實"
},
{
"english": "of foundations",
"roman": "shēnhòu",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "深厚"
},
{
"roman": "láo",
"word": "牢"
},
{
"roman": "láogù",
"word": "牢固"
},
{
"roman": "láoláo",
"word": "牢牢"
},
{
"roman": "láokào",
"word": "牢靠"
},
{
"roman": "cí",
"word": "瓷"
},
{
"roman": "wěngù",
"word": "穩固"
},
{
"roman": "wěngù",
"word": "稳固"
},
{
"word": "結實"
},
{
"word": "结实"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnshí",
"word": "緊實"
},
{
"roman": "jǐnshí",
"word": "紧实"
},
{
"roman": "gǒng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "鞏"
},
{
"roman": "gǒng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "巩"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "鞏固"
},
{
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"word": "巩固"
}
],
"word": "堅固"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 堅固 meaning in Chinese (6.8kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.