See 古 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 古 meaning in Chinese (34.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "七古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shànggǔ",
"word": "上古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "不古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "中古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "五古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gèngǔ",
"word": "亙古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gèngǔ",
"word": "亘古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fǎnggǔ",
"word": "仿古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zuògǔ",
"word": "作古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "來古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "来古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiāngǔ",
"word": "先古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qiāngǔ",
"word": "千古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bógǔ",
"word": "博古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fǎngǔ",
"word": "反古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "口古月"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjǐng",
"word": "古井"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古井無波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古井无波"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔrén",
"word": "古人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjīn",
"word": "古今"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjīnzhōngwài",
"word": "古今中外"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdài",
"word": "古代"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古作"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔlái",
"word": "古來"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔlái",
"word": "古来"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古例"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdiǎn",
"word": "古典"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdiǎnzhǔyì",
"word": "古典主義"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdiǎnzhǔyì",
"word": "古典主义"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kó͘-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古冊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kó͘-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古册"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhì",
"word": "古制"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔchà",
"word": "古剎"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔchà",
"word": "古刹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古勁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古劲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlèbāgé",
"word": "古勒巴格"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdòngwùxué",
"word": "古動物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdòngwùxué",
"word": "古动物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔcuò",
"word": "古厝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshǐ",
"word": "古史"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔguó",
"word": "古國"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔguó",
"word": "古国"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔkēng",
"word": "古坑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔchéng",
"word": "古城"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔchéngkǒu",
"word": "古城口"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古堡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔmù",
"word": "古墓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔfū",
"word": "古夫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古奧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古奥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古妝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古妆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古始"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔmǔ",
"word": "古姆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古寫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古写"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古寺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwū",
"word": "古屋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔshān",
"word": "古山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔbā",
"word": "古巴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔbì",
"word": "古幣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔbì",
"word": "古币"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔmiào",
"word": "古廟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔmiào",
"word": "古庙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshì",
"word": "古式"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwǎngjīnlái",
"word": "古往今來"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwǎngjīnlái",
"word": "古往今来"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古德"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔguài",
"word": "古怪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyì",
"word": "古意"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古憋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhuó",
"word": "古拙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwén",
"word": "古文"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwénzì",
"word": "古文字"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔfāng",
"word": "古方"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古方兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古方儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzǎo",
"word": "古早"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxī",
"word": "古昔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshí",
"word": "古時"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshí",
"word": "古时"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔjìn",
"word": "古晉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔjìn",
"word": "古晋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古曆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古历"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshū",
"word": "古書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshū",
"word": "古书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔběn",
"word": "古本"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔbǎn",
"word": "古板"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔkē",
"word": "古柯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhíwùxué",
"word": "古植物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhíwùxué",
"word": "古植物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlóu",
"word": "古樓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlóu",
"word": "古楼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古槧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古椠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyuè",
"word": "古樂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyuè",
"word": "古乐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔpǔ",
"word": "古樸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔpǔ",
"word": "古朴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔqiáogōu",
"word": "古橋溝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔqiáogōu",
"word": "古桥沟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔjiāngbāgé",
"word": "古江巴格"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdù",
"word": "古渡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古為今用"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古为今用"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔ'ěrbāngjié",
"word": "古爾邦節"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔ'ěrbāngjié",
"word": "古尔邦节"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwù",
"word": "古物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古猿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古玉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔwán",
"word": "古玩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔqín",
"word": "古琴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古瓷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔshēng Dài",
"word": "古生代"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshēngwù",
"word": "古生物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古生界"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古畫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古画"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔbáiwén",
"word": "古白文"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔshí",
"word": "古石"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古磚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古砖"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古祠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxī",
"word": "古稀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhēng",
"word": "古箏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhēng",
"word": "古筝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古籀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjí",
"word": "古籍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔlǎo",
"word": "古老"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古老肉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhě",
"word": "古者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjiù",
"word": "古舊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjiù",
"word": "古旧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔsègǔxiāng",
"word": "古色古香"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古茶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdǒng",
"word": "古董"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlánjīng",
"word": "古蘭經"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlánjīng",
"word": "古兰经"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhuāng",
"word": "古裝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔzhuāng",
"word": "古装"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古記"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古记"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxùn",
"word": "古訓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxùn",
"word": "古训"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古話"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古话"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshī",
"word": "古詩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔshī",
"word": "古诗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyǔ",
"word": "古語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyǔ",
"word": "古语"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古調不彈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古调不弹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyàn",
"word": "古諺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyàn",
"word": "古谚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古賦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古赋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxián",
"word": "古賢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔxián",
"word": "古贤"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古趣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔlù",
"word": "古路"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古蹟"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古迹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdào",
"word": "古道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古遊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古游"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdàorècháng",
"word": "古道熱腸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdàorècháng",
"word": "古道热肠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古遠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古远"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古邈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔdū",
"word": "古都"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古鄰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古邻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古銅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古铜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔtóngsè",
"word": "古銅色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔtóngsè",
"word": "古铜色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔqián",
"word": "古錢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔqián",
"word": "古钱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kó͘-chui",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古錐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kó͘-chui",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古锥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古門"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古门"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古陸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古陆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古隸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "古隶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyǎ",
"word": "古雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyīn",
"word": "古音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyùn",
"word": "古韻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔyùn",
"word": "古韵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔfēng",
"word": "古風"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔfēng",
"word": "古风"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔyì",
"word": "古驛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Gǔyì",
"word": "古驿"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔtǐshī",
"word": "古體詩"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǔtǐshī",
"word": "古体诗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Tánggǔlā",
"word": "唐古拉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "大古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tàigǔ",
"word": "太古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàogǔ",
"word": "好古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cúngǔ",
"word": "存古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "希古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "師古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "师古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "弔古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "吊古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "往古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "待古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Xúgǔ",
"word": "徐古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fùgǔ",
"word": "復古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fùgǔ",
"word": "复古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "慕古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huáigǔ",
"word": "懷古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huáigǔ",
"word": "怀古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "振古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nǐgǔ",
"word": "擬古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nǐgǔ",
"word": "拟古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "敻古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "暮古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kuànggǔ",
"word": "曠古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kuànggǔ",
"word": "旷古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jígǔ",
"word": "汲古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "nìgǔ",
"word": "泥古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "治古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "海西蒙古族藏族自治州"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "淳古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "特古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gǎgu",
"word": "玍古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yígǔ",
"word": "疑古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pángǔ",
"word": "盤古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pángǔ",
"word": "盘古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pángǔdàng",
"word": "盤古壋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Pángǔdàng",
"word": "盘古垱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wàngǔ",
"word": "萬古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wàngǔ",
"word": "万古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Qíngǔ",
"word": "秦古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīgǔ",
"word": "稽古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "積古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "积古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "終古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "终古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kǎogǔ",
"word": "考古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "肅北蒙古族自治縣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "肃北蒙古族自治县"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zìgǔ",
"word": "自古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Àigǔsī",
"word": "艾古斯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Huāgǔ",
"word": "花古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měnggǔ",
"word": "蒙古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "měnggǔzú",
"word": "蒙古族"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎngǔ",
"word": "覽古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎngǔ",
"word": "览古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "訪古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "访古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "說古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "说古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "講古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讲古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàm-kó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "譀古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hàm-kó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "𰶆古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "變古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "变古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "轢古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "轹古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jìngǔ",
"word": "近古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "述古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yuǎngǔ",
"word": "遠古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yuǎngǔ",
"word": "远古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "suìgǔ",
"word": "邃古"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Méngǔsì",
"word": "門古寺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Méngǔsì",
"word": "门古寺"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "高古"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "古"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "こ",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "古(こ) (ko)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고(古)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고(古) (go)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cổ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "古"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "こ",
"3": "고",
"4": "cổ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "古",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "古",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "古",
"v": "古",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こ",
"3": "고",
"4": "cổ"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cũ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cũ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: cũ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 0 4 12 10 8 21 5 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ancient and modern times",
"roman": "gǔjīn",
"text": "古今",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the past; ancient times"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-a5F3~c5c",
"links": [
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"times",
"times"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"old; ancient"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-7C~F3urB",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"classic; old-styled"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-xDRkIYgG",
"links": [
[
"classic",
"classic"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"simple; unaffected; unsophisticated"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-lbnk7Jj2",
"links": [
[
"simple",
"simple"
],
[
"unaffected",
"unaffected"
],
[
"unsophisticated",
"unsophisticated"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"things in the past; antiquities; history"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-EzbffASG",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"antiquities",
"antiquities"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 段",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hakka Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Min Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 0 14 4 5 18 9 13 7 7 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "講古／讲古 [Cantonese] ― gong² gu² [Jyutping] ― to tell a story",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"story (Classifier: 段 c)"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-WofGY8Vu",
"links": [
[
"story",
"story"
],
[
"段",
"段#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) story (Classifier: 段 c)"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hakka",
"Min",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”",
"word": "古體詩"
},
{
"extra": "gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”",
"word": "古体诗"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Short for 古體詩／古体诗 (gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”)."
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-yyrentCa",
"links": [
[
"古體詩",
"古體詩#Chinese"
],
[
"古体诗",
"古体诗#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "古天樂／古天乐 [Cantonese] ― gu² tin¹ lok⁶ [Jyutping] ― Louis Koo Tin-lok (Hong Kong actor)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵ku"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "guu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*kˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːʔ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gù",
"word": "固"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 固 (gù)",
"Alternative form of 固 (gù)"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-GHB3B4qu",
"links": [
[
"固",
"固#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 固 (gù)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gù",
"word": "故"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 故 (gù)",
"Alternative form of 故 (gù)"
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-xrnGuAJ9",
"links": [
[
"故",
"故#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 故 (gù)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "guh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"^† Only used in 古成.",
"Only used in 古成."
],
"id": "en-古-zh-character-o5A5iSqO",
"links": [
[
"古成",
"古成#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Only used in 古成."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "七古"
},
{
"roman": "shànggǔ",
"word": "上古"
},
{
"word": "不古"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "中古"
},
{
"word": "五古"
},
{
"roman": "gèngǔ",
"word": "亙古"
},
{
"roman": "gèngǔ",
"word": "亘古"
},
{
"roman": "fǎnggǔ",
"word": "仿古"
},
{
"roman": "zuògǔ",
"word": "作古"
},
{
"word": "來古"
},
{
"word": "来古"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngǔ",
"word": "先古"
},
{
"roman": "qiāngǔ",
"word": "千古"
},
{
"roman": "bógǔ",
"word": "博古"
},
{
"roman": "fǎngǔ",
"word": "反古"
},
{
"word": "口古月"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjǐng",
"word": "古井"
},
{
"word": "古井無波"
},
{
"word": "古井无波"
},
{
"roman": "gǔrén",
"word": "古人"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjīn",
"word": "古今"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjīnzhōngwài",
"word": "古今中外"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdài",
"word": "古代"
},
{
"word": "古作"
},
{
"roman": "gǔlái",
"word": "古來"
},
{
"roman": "gǔlái",
"word": "古来"
},
{
"word": "古例"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdiǎn",
"word": "古典"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdiǎnzhǔyì",
"word": "古典主義"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdiǎnzhǔyì",
"word": "古典主义"
},
{
"roman": "kó͘-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古冊"
},
{
"roman": "kó͘-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古册"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhì",
"word": "古制"
},
{
"roman": "gǔchà",
"word": "古剎"
},
{
"roman": "gǔchà",
"word": "古刹"
},
{
"word": "古勁"
},
{
"word": "古劲"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlèbāgé",
"word": "古勒巴格"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdòngwùxué",
"word": "古動物學"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdòngwùxué",
"word": "古动物学"
},
{
"roman": "gǔcuò",
"word": "古厝"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshǐ",
"word": "古史"
},
{
"roman": "gǔguó",
"word": "古國"
},
{
"roman": "gǔguó",
"word": "古国"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔkēng",
"word": "古坑"
},
{
"roman": "gǔchéng",
"word": "古城"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔchéngkǒu",
"word": "古城口"
},
{
"word": "古堡"
},
{
"roman": "gǔmù",
"word": "古墓"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔfū",
"word": "古夫"
},
{
"word": "古奧"
},
{
"word": "古奥"
},
{
"word": "古妝"
},
{
"word": "古妆"
},
{
"word": "古始"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔmǔ",
"word": "古姆"
},
{
"word": "古學"
},
{
"word": "古学"
},
{
"word": "古寫"
},
{
"word": "古写"
},
{
"word": "古寺"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwū",
"word": "古屋"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔshān",
"word": "古山"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔbā",
"word": "古巴"
},
{
"roman": "gǔbì",
"word": "古幣"
},
{
"roman": "gǔbì",
"word": "古币"
},
{
"roman": "gǔmiào",
"word": "古廟"
},
{
"roman": "gǔmiào",
"word": "古庙"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshì",
"word": "古式"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwǎngjīnlái",
"word": "古往今來"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwǎngjīnlái",
"word": "古往今来"
},
{
"word": "古德"
},
{
"roman": "gǔguài",
"word": "古怪"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyì",
"word": "古意"
},
{
"word": "古憋"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhuó",
"word": "古拙"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwén",
"word": "古文"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwénzì",
"word": "古文字"
},
{
"roman": "gǔfāng",
"word": "古方"
},
{
"word": "古方兒"
},
{
"word": "古方儿"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzǎo",
"word": "古早"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxī",
"word": "古昔"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshí",
"word": "古時"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshí",
"word": "古时"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔjìn",
"word": "古晉"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔjìn",
"word": "古晋"
},
{
"word": "古曆"
},
{
"word": "古历"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshū",
"word": "古書"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshū",
"word": "古书"
},
{
"roman": "gǔběn",
"word": "古本"
},
{
"roman": "gǔbǎn",
"word": "古板"
},
{
"roman": "gǔkē",
"word": "古柯"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhíwùxué",
"word": "古植物學"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhíwùxué",
"word": "古植物学"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlóu",
"word": "古樓"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlóu",
"word": "古楼"
},
{
"word": "古槧"
},
{
"word": "古椠"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyuè",
"word": "古樂"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyuè",
"word": "古乐"
},
{
"roman": "gǔpǔ",
"word": "古樸"
},
{
"roman": "gǔpǔ",
"word": "古朴"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔqiáogōu",
"word": "古橋溝"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔqiáogōu",
"word": "古桥沟"
},
{
"word": "古氣"
},
{
"word": "古气"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔjiāngbāgé",
"word": "古江巴格"
},
{
"word": "古法"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdù",
"word": "古渡"
},
{
"word": "古為今用"
},
{
"word": "古为今用"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔ'ěrbāngjié",
"word": "古爾邦節"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔ'ěrbāngjié",
"word": "古尔邦节"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwù",
"word": "古物"
},
{
"word": "古猿"
},
{
"word": "古玉"
},
{
"roman": "gǔwán",
"word": "古玩"
},
{
"roman": "gǔqín",
"word": "古琴"
},
{
"word": "古瓷"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔshēng Dài",
"word": "古生代"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshēngwù",
"word": "古生物"
},
{
"word": "古生界"
},
{
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古畫"
},
{
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古画"
},
{
"roman": "gǔbáiwén",
"word": "古白文"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔshí",
"word": "古石"
},
{
"word": "古磚"
},
{
"word": "古砖"
},
{
"word": "古祠"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxī",
"word": "古稀"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhēng",
"word": "古箏"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhēng",
"word": "古筝"
},
{
"word": "古籀"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjí",
"word": "古籍"
},
{
"roman": "gǔlǎo",
"word": "古老"
},
{
"word": "古老肉"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhě",
"word": "古者"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjiù",
"word": "古舊"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjiù",
"word": "古旧"
},
{
"roman": "gǔsègǔxiāng",
"word": "古色古香"
},
{
"word": "古茶"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdǒng",
"word": "古董"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlánjīng",
"word": "古蘭經"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlánjīng",
"word": "古兰经"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhuāng",
"word": "古裝"
},
{
"roman": "gǔzhuāng",
"word": "古装"
},
{
"word": "古記"
},
{
"word": "古记"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxùn",
"word": "古訓"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxùn",
"word": "古训"
},
{
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古話"
},
{
"roman": "gǔhuà",
"word": "古话"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshī",
"word": "古詩"
},
{
"roman": "gǔshī",
"word": "古诗"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyǔ",
"word": "古語"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyǔ",
"word": "古语"
},
{
"word": "古調不彈"
},
{
"word": "古调不弹"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyàn",
"word": "古諺"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyàn",
"word": "古谚"
},
{
"word": "古賦"
},
{
"word": "古赋"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxián",
"word": "古賢"
},
{
"roman": "gǔxián",
"word": "古贤"
},
{
"word": "古趣"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔlù",
"word": "古路"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古跡"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古蹟"
},
{
"roman": "gǔjì",
"word": "古迹"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdào",
"word": "古道"
},
{
"word": "古遊"
},
{
"word": "古游"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdàorècháng",
"word": "古道熱腸"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdàorècháng",
"word": "古道热肠"
},
{
"word": "古遠"
},
{
"word": "古远"
},
{
"word": "古邈"
},
{
"roman": "gǔdū",
"word": "古都"
},
{
"word": "古鄰"
},
{
"word": "古邻"
},
{
"word": "古銅"
},
{
"word": "古铜"
},
{
"roman": "gǔtóngsè",
"word": "古銅色"
},
{
"roman": "gǔtóngsè",
"word": "古铜色"
},
{
"roman": "gǔqián",
"word": "古錢"
},
{
"roman": "gǔqián",
"word": "古钱"
},
{
"roman": "kó͘-chui",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古錐"
},
{
"roman": "kó͘-chui",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "古锥"
},
{
"word": "古門"
},
{
"word": "古门"
},
{
"word": "古陸"
},
{
"word": "古陆"
},
{
"word": "古隸"
},
{
"word": "古隶"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyǎ",
"word": "古雅"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyīn",
"word": "古音"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyùn",
"word": "古韻"
},
{
"roman": "gǔyùn",
"word": "古韵"
},
{
"roman": "gǔfēng",
"word": "古風"
},
{
"roman": "gǔfēng",
"word": "古风"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔyì",
"word": "古驛"
},
{
"roman": "Gǔyì",
"word": "古驿"
},
{
"roman": "gǔtǐshī",
"word": "古體詩"
},
{
"roman": "gǔtǐshī",
"word": "古体诗"
},
{
"roman": "Tánggǔlā",
"word": "唐古拉"
},
{
"word": "大古"
},
{
"roman": "tàigǔ",
"word": "太古"
},
{
"roman": "hàogǔ",
"word": "好古"
},
{
"roman": "cúngǔ",
"word": "存古"
},
{
"word": "希古"
},
{
"word": "師古"
},
{
"word": "师古"
},
{
"word": "弔古"
},
{
"word": "吊古"
},
{
"word": "往古"
},
{
"word": "待古"
},
{
"roman": "Xúgǔ",
"word": "徐古"
},
{
"roman": "fùgǔ",
"word": "復古"
},
{
"roman": "fùgǔ",
"word": "复古"
},
{
"word": "慕古"
},
{
"roman": "huáigǔ",
"word": "懷古"
},
{
"roman": "huáigǔ",
"word": "怀古"
},
{
"word": "振古"
},
{
"roman": "nǐgǔ",
"word": "擬古"
},
{
"roman": "nǐgǔ",
"word": "拟古"
},
{
"word": "敻古"
},
{
"word": "暮古"
},
{
"roman": "kuànggǔ",
"word": "曠古"
},
{
"roman": "kuànggǔ",
"word": "旷古"
},
{
"roman": "jígǔ",
"word": "汲古"
},
{
"roman": "nìgǔ",
"word": "泥古"
},
{
"word": "治古"
},
{
"word": "海西蒙古族藏族自治州"
},
{
"word": "淳古"
},
{
"word": "特古"
},
{
"roman": "gǎgu",
"word": "玍古"
},
{
"roman": "yígǔ",
"word": "疑古"
},
{
"roman": "Pángǔ",
"word": "盤古"
},
{
"roman": "Pángǔ",
"word": "盘古"
},
{
"roman": "Pángǔdàng",
"word": "盤古壋"
},
{
"roman": "Pángǔdàng",
"word": "盘古垱"
},
{
"roman": "wàngǔ",
"word": "萬古"
},
{
"roman": "wàngǔ",
"word": "万古"
},
{
"roman": "Qíngǔ",
"word": "秦古"
},
{
"roman": "jīgǔ",
"word": "稽古"
},
{
"word": "積古"
},
{
"word": "积古"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "終古"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggǔ",
"word": "终古"
},
{
"roman": "kǎogǔ",
"word": "考古"
},
{
"word": "肅北蒙古族自治縣"
},
{
"word": "肃北蒙古族自治县"
},
{
"roman": "zìgǔ",
"word": "自古"
},
{
"roman": "Àigǔsī",
"word": "艾古斯"
},
{
"roman": "Huāgǔ",
"word": "花古"
},
{
"roman": "měnggǔ",
"word": "蒙古"
},
{
"roman": "měnggǔzú",
"word": "蒙古族"
},
{
"roman": "lǎngǔ",
"word": "覽古"
},
{
"roman": "lǎngǔ",
"word": "览古"
},
{
"word": "訪古"
},
{
"word": "访古"
},
{
"word": "說古"
},
{
"word": "说古"
},
{
"word": "講古"
},
{
"word": "讲古"
},
{
"roman": "hàm-kó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "譀古"
},
{
"roman": "hàm-kó͘",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "𰶆古"
},
{
"word": "變古"
},
{
"word": "变古"
},
{
"word": "轢古"
},
{
"word": "轹古"
},
{
"roman": "jìngǔ",
"word": "近古"
},
{
"word": "述古"
},
{
"roman": "yuǎngǔ",
"word": "遠古"
},
{
"roman": "yuǎngǔ",
"word": "远古"
},
{
"roman": "suìgǔ",
"word": "邃古"
},
{
"roman": "Méngǔsì",
"word": "門古寺"
},
{
"roman": "Méngǔsì",
"word": "门古寺"
},
{
"word": "高古"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "古"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "こ",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "古(こ) (ko)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "고(古)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 고(古) (go)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cổ",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "古"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "古",
"2": "こ",
"3": "고",
"4": "cổ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "古",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "古",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "古",
"v": "古",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "こ",
"3": "고",
"4": "cổ"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (古):\n* → Japanese: 古(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(古) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cổ (古)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cũ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cũ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: cũ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ancient and modern times",
"roman": "gǔjīn",
"text": "古今",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the past; ancient times"
],
"links": [
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"times",
"times"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"old; ancient"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"classic; old-styled"
],
"links": [
[
"classic",
"classic"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"simple; unaffected; unsophisticated"
],
"links": [
[
"simple",
"simple"
],
[
"unaffected",
"unaffected"
],
[
"unsophisticated",
"unsophisticated"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"things in the past; antiquities; history"
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"past",
"past"
],
[
"antiquities",
"antiquities"
],
[
"history",
"history"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese Chinese",
"Cantonese terms with usage examples",
"Chinese nouns classified by 段",
"Hakka Chinese",
"Southern Min Chinese"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "講古／讲古 [Cantonese] ― gong² gu² [Jyutping] ― to tell a story",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"story (Classifier: 段 c)"
],
"links": [
[
"story",
"story"
],
[
"段",
"段#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) story (Classifier: 段 c)"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hakka",
"Min",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”",
"word": "古體詩"
},
{
"extra": "gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”",
"word": "古体诗"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 古體詩／古体诗 (gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”)."
],
"links": [
[
"古體詩",
"古體詩#Chinese"
],
[
"古体诗",
"古体诗#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with usage examples",
"Chinese surnames"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "古天樂／古天乐 [Cantonese] ― gu² tin¹ lok⁶ [Jyutping] ― Louis Koo Tin-lok (Hong Kong actor)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "гў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gou²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵ku"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "guu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "gu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "gǔ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou⁵²/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ku^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/ku³⁴/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "gu³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kuX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kˤaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kaːʔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kou⁵²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku³⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁴¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*kˤaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*kaːʔ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gù",
"word": "固"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 固 (gù)",
"Alternative form of 固 (gù)"
],
"links": [
[
"固",
"固#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 固 (gù)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gù",
"word": "故"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 故 (gù)",
"Alternative form of 故 (gù)"
],
"links": [
[
"故",
"故#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Alternative form of 故 (gù)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ku⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "guh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "гу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Fang (1982)"
},
"expansion": "Fang (1982)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "苦"
},
"expansion": "苦 (kǔ)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ic",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": ""
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "十",
"2": "口",
"ls": "ic",
"t1": "ten",
"t2": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*r-ga",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "故",
"2": "old things; former; dead"
},
"expansion": "故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒ",
"3": "",
"4": "to be old; aged"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.\nFang (1982) finds evidence for the 十 component originally being a depiction of a piece of food and the character originally being a depiction of someone spitting out a piece of food. Thus, Fang argues this character is the original form of 苦 (kǔ).\nShuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).\nFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "古",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese redlinks/zh-l",
"Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"^† Only used in 古成.",
"Only used in 古成."
],
"links": [
[
"古成",
"古成#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"^† Only used in 古成."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu⁵⁵/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen"
],
"word": "古"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"古"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "古",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.