See vertebra on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vertebra meaning in All languages combined (28.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra",
"4": "",
"5": "a joint"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra (“a joint”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertō",
"3": "-bra",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "instrumental nominal suffix",
"t1": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Latin vertebra (“a joint”), from vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Having multiple vertebrae (plural of vertebra) in one's backbone instead of having a single bone or solid spine, allows for the movement of the body with bends and turns. Hence meaning 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebræ",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebrae",
"2": "vertebræ",
"3": "+",
"pl2qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebrae or (obsolete) vertebræ or vertebras)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bashkir terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Kurdish terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skeleton",
"orig": "en:Skeleton",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cervical vertebra"
},
{
"word": "coccygeal vertebra"
},
{
"word": "hemivertebra"
},
{
"word": "lumbar vertebra"
},
{
"word": "prevertebra"
},
{
"word": "protovertebra"
},
{
"word": "sacral vertebra"
},
{
"word": "thoracic vertebra"
},
{
"word": "vertebral"
},
{
"word": "vertebraless"
},
{
"word": "vertebrate"
},
{
"word": "vertebro-"
},
{
"word": "vertebr-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: see Thesaurus:vertebra"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord."
],
"holonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "backbone"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "cervical vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "coccygeal vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "lumbar vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "sacral vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "thoracic vertebra"
}
],
"id": "en-vertebra-en-noun-TBrj0YIo",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"bony",
"bony"
],
[
"cartilaginous",
"cartilaginous"
],
[
"segment",
"segment"
],
[
"backbone",
"backbone"
],
[
"consist",
"consist"
],
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate"
],
[
"distinct",
"distinct"
],
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"unite",
"unite"
],
[
"cylindrical",
"cylindrical"
],
[
"articulate",
"articulate"
],
[
"pad",
"pad"
],
[
"elastic",
"elastic"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"vertebrae",
"vertebrae"
],
[
"arch",
"arch"
],
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"spinal cord",
"spinal cord"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "vertebrally"
},
{
"word": "coccyx"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spondyle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "vertebra"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "werwel"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faqara",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَقَرَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faqara",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "فقرة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oġ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ող"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "umırtqa",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "умыртҡа"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pazvanók",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пазвано́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎbnačen prešlen",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гръбначен прешлен"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kyau:rui:hcac",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "ကျောရိုးဆစ်"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kyau:rui:hcacmya:",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ကျောရိုးဆစ်များ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vèrtebra"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "dugokan"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "透龍骨"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "thàu-liông-kut",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "透龙骨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuīgǔ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "椎骨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐzhuī",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "脊椎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐzhuīgǔ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "脊椎骨"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obratel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ryghvirvel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wervel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugwervel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruggengraatswervel"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ṯz",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "Tz:Z1"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "sigdə",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "сигдэ"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "nugdī",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугды̄"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "nikama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "selkänikama"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vertèbre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mala",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "მალა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xerxemali",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ხერხემალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wirbel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wirbelknochen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spóndylos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σπόνδυλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "sphóndulos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφόνδυλος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ẖulyá",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חֻלְיָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "csigolya"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "piiluu"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "nikan"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"code": "ik",
"lang": "Inupiaq",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ikik"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veirteabra"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"alt": "ついこつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuikotsu",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "椎骨"
},
{
"alt": "脊椎",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheokchu",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "척추"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "birrbirre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "بڕبڕە"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "birrbirre"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skriemelis"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pršlen",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пршлен"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "kaśēru",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "കശേരു"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "tangai"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nugalam",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугалам"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nuruuny üje",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нурууны үе"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nugalmaj",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугалмай"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "seer",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "сээр"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "íígháán"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ryggvirvel"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "fıkra",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "فقره"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mühre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "مهره"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mohre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "مهره"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kręg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebră"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pozvonók",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "позвоно́к"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cnàimh an droma"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dromaltach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пршљен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́љежак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́љешак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pršljen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "králježak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "králješak"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vretence"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ryggkota"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kota"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "gulugod"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "omur"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xrebécʹ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хребе́ць"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cronzoxh"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cefngymal"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fertebra"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "tonoğos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "тоноҕос"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɜː.tɪb.ɹə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɝ.təˌbɹeɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tɪbɹə"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-vertebra.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-vertebra.ogg/En-us-vertebra.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-vertebra.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "invertebrate",
"word": "malvertebra"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebran",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebraj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrajn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vertebra (accusative singular vertebran, plural vertebraj, accusative plural vertebrajn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "eo",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "eo:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vertebrate"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "ĥordohava"
},
{
"english": "chordate",
"word": "ĥordula"
}
],
"id": "en-vertebra-eo-adj-BpPhR9hT",
"links": [
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "a vertebrate",
"word": "vertebro"
}
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "vertebras",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebras)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebras)",
"name": "ia-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-ia-noun-nQDk3M8~",
"links": [
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vertebra.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebre",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (plural vertebre)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vèr‧te‧bra"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Skeleton",
"orig": "it:Skeleton",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-it-noun-nQDk3M8~",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vertebra",
"vertebra#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) vertebra"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "vertebra cervicale"
},
{
"word": "vertebrale"
},
{
"word": "vertebra lombare"
},
{
"word": "vertebrato"
},
{
"word": "vertebra toracica"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:vertebra"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛr.te.bra/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrtebra"
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "vertebrālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "vertebrātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vertebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vertebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vertebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vertèbre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: vertèbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: vertèbre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: vértebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "veirteabra"
},
"expansion": "Irish: veirteabra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: veirteabra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vertebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: vertebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: vertebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: vértebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: vértebra"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertō",
"3": "bra",
"gloss1": "to turn",
"pos2": "instrumental nominal suffix"
},
"expansion": "vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertebrum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of vertebrum",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Doublet of vertebrum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrārum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebra<1>"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive vertebrae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebra<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a joint"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-vertebra-la-noun-GfoseNyc",
"links": [
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 54 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -bra",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a joint, vertebra of the spine"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-vertebra-la-noun-y-MuTX2n",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
],
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a joint, vertebra of the spine"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.te.bra/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrt̪ɛbrä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.te.bra/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrt̪ebrä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:vertebra"
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "vertebra n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative plural of vertebrum"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-la-noun-s16-9gkk",
"links": [
[
"vertebrum",
"vertebrum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.te.bra/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrt̪ɛbrä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.te.bra/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrt̪ebrä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:vertebra"
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vertebra.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebra",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebraghyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "vertebraghyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "vertebra",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive singular vertebra, plural vertebraghyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "vertebraghyn",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive singular vertebra, plural vertebraghyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "gv",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "gv:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "vertebrate, vertebral",
"word": "vertebragh"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-gv-noun-nQDk3M8~",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) vertebra"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "junt craue-drommey"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "vertebra",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-es-verb-kPwolDUB",
"links": [
[
"vertebrar",
"vertebrar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-vertebra-es-verb-O-4cnn~o",
"links": [
[
"vertebrar",
"vertebrar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cervical vertebra"
},
{
"word": "coccygeal vertebra"
},
{
"word": "hemivertebra"
},
{
"word": "lumbar vertebra"
},
{
"word": "prevertebra"
},
{
"word": "protovertebra"
},
{
"word": "sacral vertebra"
},
{
"word": "thoracic vertebra"
},
{
"word": "vertebral"
},
{
"word": "vertebraless"
},
{
"word": "vertebrate"
},
{
"word": "vertebro-"
},
{
"word": "vertebr-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra",
"4": "",
"5": "a joint"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra (“a joint”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertō",
"3": "-bra",
"nocat": "1",
"pos2": "instrumental nominal suffix",
"t1": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Latin vertebra (“a joint”), from vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Having multiple vertebrae (plural of vertebra) in one's backbone instead of having a single bone or solid spine, allows for the movement of the body with bends and turns. Hence meaning 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebræ",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebrae",
"2": "vertebræ",
"3": "+",
"pl2qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebrae or (obsolete) vertebræ or vertebras)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"holonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "backbone"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "cervical vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "coccygeal vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "lumbar vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "sacral vertebra"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "thoracic vertebra"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "vertebrally"
},
{
"word": "coccyx"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bashkir terms with redundant script codes",
"Central Kurdish terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wert-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)tɪbɹə",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)tɪbɹə/3 syllables",
"en:Skeleton"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: see Thesaurus:vertebra"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"bony",
"bony"
],
[
"cartilaginous",
"cartilaginous"
],
[
"segment",
"segment"
],
[
"backbone",
"backbone"
],
[
"consist",
"consist"
],
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate"
],
[
"distinct",
"distinct"
],
[
"element",
"element"
],
[
"unite",
"unite"
],
[
"cylindrical",
"cylindrical"
],
[
"articulate",
"articulate"
],
[
"pad",
"pad"
],
[
"elastic",
"elastic"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
],
[
"vertebrae",
"vertebrae"
],
[
"arch",
"arch"
],
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"spinal cord",
"spinal cord"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone, consisting in some lower vertebrates of several distinct elements which never become united, and in higher vertebrates having a short more or less cylindrical body whose ends articulate by pads of elastic or cartilaginous tissue with those of adjacent vertebrae and a bony arch that encloses the spinal cord."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spondyle"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɜː.tɪb.ɹə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɝ.təb.ɹə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɝ.təˌbɹeɪ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)tɪbɹə"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-vertebra.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/En-us-vertebra.ogg/En-us-vertebra.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/En-us-vertebra.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:vertebra",
"word": "vertebra"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "werwel"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faqara",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَقَرَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faqara",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "فقرة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oġ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ող"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "umırtqa",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "умыртҡа"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pazvanók",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пазвано́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "grǎbnačen prešlen",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гръбначен прешлен"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kyau:rui:hcac",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "ကျောရိုးဆစ်"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kyau:rui:hcacmya:",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ကျောရိုးဆစ်များ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vèrtebra"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "dugokan"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "透龍骨"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "thàu-liông-kut",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "透龙骨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuīgǔ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "椎骨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐzhuī",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "脊椎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐzhuīgǔ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "脊椎骨"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obratel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ryghvirvel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wervel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rugwervel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ruggengraatswervel"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ṯz",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "Tz:Z1"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "sigdə",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "сигдэ"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "nugdī",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугды̄"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "nikama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "selkänikama"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vertèbre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mala",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "მალა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xerxemali",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ხერხემალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wirbel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wirbelknochen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "spóndylos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σπόνδυλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "sphóndulos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφόνδυλος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "ẖulyá",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חֻלְיָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "csigolya"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "piiluu"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "nikan"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"code": "ik",
"lang": "Inupiaq",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "ikik"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veirteabra"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"alt": "ついこつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuikotsu",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "椎骨"
},
{
"alt": "脊椎",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheokchu",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "척추"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "birrbirre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "بڕبڕە"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "birrbirre"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebra"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skriemelis"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pršlen",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пршлен"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "kaśēru",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "കശേരു"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "tangai"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nugalam",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугалам"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nuruuny üje",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нурууны үе"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "nugalmaj",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "нугалмай"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "seer",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "сээр"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "íígháán"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ryggvirvel"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "fıkra",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "فقره"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "mühre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "مهره"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mohre",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "مهره"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kręg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vertebră"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pozvonók",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "позвоно́к"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cnàimh an droma"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dromaltach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пршљен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́љежак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́љешак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pršljen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "králježak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "králješak"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vretence"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vértebra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ryggkota"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kota"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "gulugod"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "omur"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xrebécʹ",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хребе́ць"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cronzoxh"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cefngymal"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fertebra"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "tonoğos",
"sense": "any of the small bones making up the backbone",
"word": "тоноҕос"
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "invertebrate",
"word": "malvertebra"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebran",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebraj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrajn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vertebra (accusative singular vertebran, plural vertebraj, accusative plural vertebrajn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "ĥordohava"
},
{
"english": "chordate",
"word": "ĥordula"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "a vertebrate",
"word": "vertebro"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto adjectives",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"eo:Animals"
],
"glosses": [
"vertebrate"
],
"links": [
[
"vertebrate",
"vertebrate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "vertebras",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebras)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vertebra (plural vertebras)",
"name": "ia-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"Interlingua lemmas",
"Interlingua nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"links": [
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin vertebra.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebre",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (plural vertebre)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"vèr‧te‧bra"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "vertebra cervicale"
},
{
"word": "vertebrale"
},
{
"word": "vertebra lombare"
},
{
"word": "vertebrato"
},
{
"word": "vertebra toracica"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛrtebra",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛrtebra/3 syllables",
"it:Skeleton"
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vertebra",
"vertebra#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) vertebra"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:vertebra"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛr.te.bra/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrtebra"
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms suffixed with -bra",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for quotations in Latin"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "vertebrālis"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "vertebrātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vertebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vertebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vertebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vertèbre",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: vertèbre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: vertèbre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: vértebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "veirteabra"
},
"expansion": "Irish: veirteabra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: veirteabra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vertebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: vertebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: vertebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: vértebra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "vértebra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: vértebra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: vértebra"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertō",
"3": "bra",
"gloss1": "to turn",
"pos2": "instrumental nominal suffix"
},
"expansion": "vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vertebrum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of vertebrum",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From vertō (“to turn”) + -bra (instrumental nominal suffix). Doublet of vertebrum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrārum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebram",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebrae",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebra<1>"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive vertebrae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vertebra<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a joint"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"a joint, vertebra of the spine"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
],
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
],
[
"spine",
"spine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a joint, vertebra of the spine"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.te.bra/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrt̪ɛbrä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.te.bra/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrt̪ebrä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:vertebra"
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "vertebra n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative plural of vertebrum"
],
"links": [
[
"vertebrum",
"vertebrum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.te.bra/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrt̪ɛbrä]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.te.bra/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrt̪ebrä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:vertebra"
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "vertebrate, vertebral",
"word": "vertebragh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "la",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "Latin vertebra",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vertebra.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vertebra",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vertebraghyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "vertebraghyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "vertebra",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive singular vertebra, plural vertebraghyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "vertebraghyn",
"3": "vertebra"
},
"expansion": "vertebra f (genitive singular vertebra, plural vertebraghyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx feminine nouns",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx nouns",
"Manx terms borrowed from Latin",
"Manx terms derived from Latin",
"gv:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"vertebra"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vertebra",
"#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) vertebra"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "junt craue-drommey"
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "vertebra",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"vertebrar",
"vertebrar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vertebrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"vertebrar",
"vertebrar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of vertebrar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "vertebra"
}
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, vertebra/Latin",
"path": [
"vertebra"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "vertebra",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.