See sonder on Wiktionary
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"ref": "2012 December, John Buysse, “On 2nd thought, we do have linked lives”, in The Daily Illini, volume 142, number 68,5, University of Illinois, page 4A:",
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"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2013, Annie Cohen, \"A Deeper Understanding\", Panorama (Ladue Horton Watkins High School, St. Louis, Missouri), Volume 62, Issue 3, 14 October 2013, page 14",
"text": "We need to have a \"sonder\" moment, where we realize that we aren't the only ones with feelings, dreams, regrets and hopes."
},
{
"ref": "2015, Emily Neiman, Sonder: Clara's Story, iUniverse, →ISBN:",
"text": "I knew the feeling of sonder my whole life. […] Every time I stopped what I was doing and just watched people, this feeling of breathlessness would wash over me.",
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}
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],
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sonder, from Old French sonder (“to plumb”), from sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English sund- (“sounding”), as in sundġierd (“sounding-rod”), sundlīne (“sounding-line, lead”), sundrāp (“sounding-rope, lead”), from Old English sund (“ocean, sea”), from Proto-West Germanic *sund, from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, swim”). Cognate with Old Norse sund (“swimming; strait, sound”). More at sound.",
"forms": [
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},
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},
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},
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"indicative",
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},
{
"form": "sondâmes",
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"past",
"plural"
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},
{
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"plural",
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]
},
{
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"plural",
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},
{
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"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderas",
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"tags": [
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"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondera",
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"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderons",
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"tags": [
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"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderez",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderont",
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"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderais",
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderions",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderiez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.də.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderaient",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
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"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
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"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
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"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
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},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
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"perfect"
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},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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"perfect"
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},
{
"form": "sonde",
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"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "sondent",
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},
{
"form": "sondasse",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondasses",
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"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondât",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassions",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
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"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassiez",
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"tags": [
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"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassent",
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"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondons",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sondez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sondage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sonde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sondé"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test with a probe)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-6GQtweV-",
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test with a probe)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test the depth of something)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-QyjO6QjM",
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test the depth of something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 7 4 4 27 4 4 13 4 3 26 0 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 3 3 32 3 3 14 3 2 30 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 41 8 9 20 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test the depth of something)",
"to sound (use sound waves to establish the depth)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-ckvhvEdb",
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test the depth of something)",
"to sound (use sound waves to establish the depth)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (look carefully around)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-iZ8pQS7c",
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (look carefully around)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (ask someone many questions, in order to find something out)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-pJe8m15C",
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (ask someone many questions, in order to find something out)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "fr:Meteorology",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Earth sciences",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 7 4 4 27 4 4 13 4 3 26 0 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 3 3 32 3 3 14 3 2 30 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 14 13 15 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to survey and take measurements using a weather balloon"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-tfpIks28",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"survey",
"survey"
],
[
"weather balloon",
"weather balloon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) to survey and take measurements using a weather balloon"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to survey (carry out a survey or poll)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-2YF6KCmN",
"links": [
[
"survey",
"survey"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to dive down"
],
"id": "en-sonder-fr-verb-My4~v-7m",
"links": [
[
"dive",
"dive"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to dive down"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz",
"4": "",
"5": "isolated, particular, alone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*snter-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *snter-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sine",
"3": "",
"4": "without"
},
"expansion": "Latin sine (“without”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sunder",
"3": "",
"4": "separate, different"
},
"expansion": "English sunder (“separate, different”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”), from Proto-Indo-European *snter-, *seni-, *senu-, *san- (“apart, without, for oneself”). Cognate to Latin sine (“without”), English sunder (“separate, different”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "de-prep"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "sondergleichen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without; except; not including"
],
"id": "en-sonder-de-prep-~ZKLZD5h",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) without; except; not including"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "besonders"
},
{
"word": "sonder-"
},
{
"word": "sonderbar"
},
{
"word": "sonderlich"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "außer"
},
{
"word": "exklusive"
},
{
"word": "ohne"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɔndɐ/"
},
{
"audio": "De-sonder.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/De-sonder.ogg/De-sonder.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/De-sonder.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sonderku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondermu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondernya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder (first-person possessive sonderku, second-person possessive sondermu, third-person possessive sondernya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"son‧der"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 7 4 4 27 4 4 13 4 3 26 0 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 3 3 32 3 3 14 3 2 30 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "99 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shawl"
],
"id": "en-sonder-id-noun-qd0ergmk",
"links": [
[
"shawl",
"shawl"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "selendang"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈson.dɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈson.dɛr]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-dɛr"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "zonder",
"t": "without"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch zonder (“without”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch zonder (“without”), from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sondêr",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "particle",
"head": "sondêr"
},
"expansion": "sondêr",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"son‧dêr"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"id": "en-sonder-id-particle-EhayqIl1",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tanpa"
},
{
"english": "unadapted borrowing",
"word": "zonder"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈson.dər/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈson.dər]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-dər"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "nl",
"3": "zonder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch zonder, from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "سوندر",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "Jawi spelling",
"4": "سوندر"
},
"expansion": "sonder (Jawi spelling سوندر)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Netherlands Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without (not having)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-ms-prep-kiy4XSoJ",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Netherlands, Indonesia) without (not having)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tanpa"
},
{
"word": "تنڤا"
},
{
"word": "tidak ada"
},
{
"word": "تيدق اد"
},
{
"word": "tidak ber-"
},
{
"word": "تيدق بر-"
},
{
"word": "zonder"
},
{
"word": "سوندر"
},
{
"word": "زوندر"
}
],
"tags": [
"Indonesia",
"Netherlands"
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zonder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zonder\nAfrikaans: sonder\nBerbice Creole Dutch: sondro\nJersey Dutch: zonder\nNegerhollands: sonder, sondu\n→ Aukan: sondee\n→ Caribbean Javanese: sonder\n→ Malay: sonder\n→ Indonesian: sonder, zonder\n→ Saramaccan: sondò\n→ Sranan Tongo: sondro",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zonder\nAfrikaans: sonder\nBerbice Creole Dutch: sondro\nJersey Dutch: zonder\nNegerhollands: sonder, sondu\n→ Aukan: sondee\n→ Caribbean Javanese: sonder\n→ Malay: sonder\n→ Indonesian: sonder, zonder\n→ Saramaccan: sondò\n→ Sranan Tongo: sondro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "zónger"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: zónger",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: zónger"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"id": "en-sonder-dum-prep-EhayqIl1",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except (for)"
],
"id": "en-sonder-dum-prep-TUWMlwOL",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Old French sonder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Old English [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundą",
"4": "",
"5": "a swim, body of water, sound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swem(bh)-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be unsteady, swim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (“to be unsteady, swim”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French sonder, from sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (“to be unsteady, swim”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
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{
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{
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{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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[
"sonde",
"sonde#Norwegian_Bokmål"
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{
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{
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{
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[
"sond",
"sond#Swedish"
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"plural"
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}
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{
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{
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},
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{
"args": {
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},
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{
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"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
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"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
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"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
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}
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔn.dər/"
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{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-sonder.wav",
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],
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{
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{
"args": {
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],
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{
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}
],
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[
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]
],
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}
],
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{
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"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sondér",
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]
}
],
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{
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[
"sondere",
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]
],
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]
}
],
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}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "Q124285668",
"in": "2012"
},
"expansion": "Coined by American author and neologist John Koenig in 2012",
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},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "sonder",
"4": "",
"5": "to probe"
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Coined by American author and neologist John Koenig in 2012, whose project, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, aims to come up with new words for emotions that currently lack words. Inspired by German sonder- (“special”) and French sonder (“to probe”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "sonder (uncountable)",
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}
],
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{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English neologisms",
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"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from German",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒndə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɒndə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 December, John Buysse, “On 2nd thought, we do have linked lives”, in The Daily Illini, volume 142, number 68,5, University of Illinois, page 4A:",
"text": "I had a sonder, a realization that the random girl sitting next to me inside of Starbucks might have a fantastic life or she might be dealing with a very ill family member.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Annie Cohen, \"A Deeper Understanding\", Panorama (Ladue Horton Watkins High School, St. Louis, Missouri), Volume 62, Issue 3, 14 October 2013, page 14",
"text": "We need to have a \"sonder\" moment, where we realize that we aren't the only ones with feelings, dreams, regrets and hopes."
},
{
"ref": "2015, Emily Neiman, Sonder: Clara's Story, iUniverse, →ISBN:",
"text": "I knew the feeling of sonder my whole life. […] Every time I stopped what I was doing and just watched people, this feeling of breathlessness would wash over me.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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],
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[
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"profound"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"stranger",
"stranger"
],
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"complex",
"complex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(neologism) The profound feeling of realizing that everyone, including strangers passing in the street, has a life as complex as one's own, which they are constantly living despite one's personal lack of awareness of it."
],
"tags": [
"neologism",
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑndɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɒndə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒndə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
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"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old English",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er",
"Pages with 11 entries",
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],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
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{
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"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: sondieren\n→ Russian: зонди́ровать (zondírovatʹ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: sondieren\n→ Russian: зонди́ровать (zondírovatʹ)"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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},
{
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"3": "sonder",
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sonder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundą",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swembʰ-",
"4": "*swem(bʰ)-",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, swim”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sund",
"t": "swimming; strait, sound"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sund (“swimming; strait, sound”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sonder, from Old French sonder (“to plumb”), from sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English sund- (“sounding”), as in sundġierd (“sounding-rod”), sundlīne (“sounding-line, lead”), sundrāp (“sounding-rope, lead”), from Old English sund (“ocean, sea”), from Proto-West Germanic *sund, from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bʰ)- (“to be unsteady, swim”). Cognate with Old Norse sund (“swimming; strait, sound”). More at sound.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sonder",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "sondant",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sondé",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondes",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondons",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sondez",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondent",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondais",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondais",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondait",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondions",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.djɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sondiez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondaient",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondai",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondas",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonda",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondâmes",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sondâtes",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondèrent",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderai",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderas",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondera",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderons",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderont",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderais",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderais",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderait",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderions",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderiez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.də.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sonderaient",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondes",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondions",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.djɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondiez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondent",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondasse",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.das/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondasses",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.das/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondât",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassions",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassiez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.da.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondassent",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.das/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sonde",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃d/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sondons",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.dɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sondez",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "sondage"
},
{
"word": "sonde"
},
{
"word": "sondé"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test with a probe)"
],
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test with a probe)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test the depth of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test the depth of something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (test the depth of something)",
"to sound (use sound waves to establish the depth)"
],
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (test the depth of something)",
"to sound (use sound waves to establish the depth)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (look carefully around)"
],
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (look carefully around)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to probe (ask someone many questions, in order to find something out)"
],
"links": [
[
"probe",
"probe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to probe (ask someone many questions, in order to find something out)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fr:Meteorology"
],
"glosses": [
"to survey and take measurements using a weather balloon"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"survey",
"survey"
],
[
"weather balloon",
"weather balloon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) to survey and take measurements using a weather balloon"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to survey (carry out a survey or poll)"
],
"links": [
[
"survey",
"survey"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to dive down"
],
"links": [
[
"dive",
"dive"
],
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to dive down"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɔ̃.de/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-sonder.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "sondergleichen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz",
"4": "",
"5": "isolated, particular, alone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*snter-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *snter-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sine",
"3": "",
"4": "without"
},
"expansion": "Latin sine (“without”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sunder",
"3": "",
"4": "separate, different"
},
"expansion": "English sunder (“separate, different”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“isolated, particular, alone”), from Proto-Indo-European *snter-, *seni-, *senu-, *san- (“apart, without, for oneself”). Cognate to Latin sine (“without”), English sunder (“separate, different”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder",
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}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
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"expansion": "[with accusative]",
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"tags": [
"accusative"
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},
"name": "+obj"
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],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prep",
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"word": "besonders"
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{
"word": "sonder-"
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{
"word": "sonderbar"
},
{
"word": "sonderlich"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
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"German prepositions",
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"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms with archaic senses",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"without; except; not including"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) without; except; not including"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "außer"
},
{
"word": "exklusive"
},
{
"word": "ohne"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɔndɐ/"
},
{
"audio": "De-sonder.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/De-sonder.ogg/De-sonder.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/De-sonder.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian particles",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dər",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dər/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dɛr",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dɛr/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Javanese [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sonderku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "sondermu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sondernya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder (first-person possessive sonderku, second-person possessive sondermu, third-person possessive sondernya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"son‧der"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shawl"
],
"links": [
[
"shawl",
"shawl"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "selendang"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈson.dɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈson.dɛr]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-dɛr"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian particles",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dər",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/dər/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "zonder",
"t": "without"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch zonder (“without”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch zonder (“without”), from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sondêr",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "particle",
"head": "sondêr"
},
"expansion": "sondêr",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"son‧dêr"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tanpa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈson.dər/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈson.dər]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-dər"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "unadapted borrowing",
"word": "zonder"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "nl",
"3": "zonder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "dum",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sonder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch zonder, from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "سوندر",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "Jawi spelling",
"4": "سوندر"
},
"expansion": "sonder (Jawi spelling سوندر)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian Malay",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay prepositions",
"Malay terms derived from Dutch",
"Malay terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Malay terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Netherlands Malay",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"without (not having)"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Netherlands, Indonesia) without (not having)"
],
"tags": [
"Indonesia",
"Netherlands"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tanpa"
},
{
"word": "تنڤا"
},
{
"word": "tidak ada"
},
{
"word": "تيدق اد"
},
{
"word": "tidak ber-"
},
{
"word": "تيدق بر-"
},
{
"word": "zonder"
},
{
"word": "سوندر"
},
{
"word": "زوندر"
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch prepositions",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zonder"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zonder\nAfrikaans: sonder\nBerbice Creole Dutch: sondro\nJersey Dutch: zonder\nNegerhollands: sonder, sondu\n→ Aukan: sondee\n→ Caribbean Javanese: sonder\n→ Malay: sonder\n→ Indonesian: sonder, zonder\n→ Saramaccan: sondò\n→ Sranan Tongo: sondro",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zonder\nAfrikaans: sonder\nBerbice Creole Dutch: sondro\nJersey Dutch: zonder\nNegerhollands: sonder, sondu\n→ Aukan: sondee\n→ Caribbean Javanese: sonder\n→ Malay: sonder\n→ Indonesian: sonder, zonder\n→ Saramaccan: sondò\n→ Sranan Tongo: sondro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "zónger"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: zónger",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: zónger"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "sunder"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch sunder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"except (for)"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sonder"
},
"expansion": "Old French sonder",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Old English [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sundą",
"4": "",
"5": "a swim, body of water, sound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swem(bh)-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be unsteady, swim"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (“to be unsteady, swim”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French sonder, from sonde (“sounding line”), from Old English [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“a swim, body of water, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (“to be unsteady, swim”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "nrf-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jersey Norman",
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman terms derived from Old English",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Norman terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Norman verbs",
"Old English term requests",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to sound"
],
"links": [
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) to sound"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey"
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "sonder m pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Bokmål noun forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sonde"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of sonde"
],
"links": [
[
"sonde",
"sonde#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sonder",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sond"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of sond"
],
"links": [
[
"sond",
"sond#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sonder"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sonder meaning in All languages combined (31.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.