See sneeze on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sneeze meaning in All languages combined (45.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "snesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "fnesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze, snort"
},
"expansion": "Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fneusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fneusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fneusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fneusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-",
"t": "to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fniezen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fnýsa",
"t": "to snort"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nesen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnjósa",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snore"
},
"expansion": "snore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snort"
},
"expansion": "snort",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnoren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnoren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnorten"
},
"expansion": "fnorten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "snatted"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snatted",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnatted",
"3": "",
"4": "snub-nosed"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”), alteration of earlier fnesen (“to sneeze”), from Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fneusan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”), Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”).\nCompare neeze, from Middle English nesen, from Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”), cognate with Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”), Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”). See neeze.\nIt has been suggested that the change could be due to a misinterpretation of the uncommon initial sequence fn- as ſn- (sn- written with a long s), although the change is regular, seen also in snore and snort from Middle English fnoren and fnorten, and in late Middle English snatted from earlier Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”). The fn- forms of all these words fell out of use in the 1400s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sneezes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snoze",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"obsolete",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snozen",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "snoze",
"past2_qual": "obsolete or humorous",
"past_ptc2": "snozen",
"past_ptc2_qual": "obsolete or humorous"
},
"expansion": "sneeze (third-person singular simple present sneezes, present participle sneezing, simple past sneezed or (obsolete or humorous) snoze, past participle sneezed or (obsolete or humorous) snozen)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 54 6 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 47 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 45 6 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 41 5 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bodily functions",
"orig": "en:Bodily functions",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "To avoid passing on your illness, you should sneeze into your sleeve.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To expel air as a reflex induced by an irritation in the nose."
],
"id": "en-sneeze-en-verb-5ehKaDKS",
"links": [
[
"reflex",
"reflex"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
],
[
"nose",
"nose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To expel air as a reflex induced by an irritation in the nose."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "55 28 18",
"sense": "to expel air as a reflex",
"word": "neeze"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 28 18",
"sense": "to expel air as a reflex",
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sternutate"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "esna",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "エㇱナ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "teshtij"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭasa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "عَطَسَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕṭəs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "عْطس"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻṙštal",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "փռշտալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stãrnut"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãsia",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচিয়া"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচ. হাঁচি মাৰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ˁāṭēš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ܥܵܛܹܫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "tāpēt",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ܬܵܦܹܬ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirriar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "estornudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asqırmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "zintz egin"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čxacʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чхаць"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čxnucʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чхнуць"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxácʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чыха́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxnúcʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чыхну́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "hãci dettoẏa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচি দেত্তয়া"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahon"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíham",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ки́хам"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíhna",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ки́хна"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "hkye",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ချေ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esternudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahon"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "duyvsdoyasga",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ᏚᏴᏍᏙᏯᏍᎦ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "habishko"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daa² hat¹ ci¹",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打乞嗤"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "da pɨnti",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "да пынти"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "či͡on",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "чён"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "phah-ka-chhiùⁿ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "拍咳啾"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打噴嚏"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎ pēntì",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打喷嚏"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "antaš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Sahidic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "anthaš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Bohairic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kýchat"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kýchnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nyse"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niezen"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "ag tshi rkyab pa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ཨག་ཚི་རྐྱབ་པ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "terni"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aevastama"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "njósa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ddg",
"lang": "Fataluku",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fahine"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "éternuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnudâ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbirrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbechar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbichar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espurrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espurriñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "turniscar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aceminebs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "აცემინებს"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "ernüüsse"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ftarnízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "φταρνίζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fternízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "φτερνίζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ptarnízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "πταρνίζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ptárnumai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "πτάρνυμαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "lehit'atésh",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "לְהִתְעַטֵשׁ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "atsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chī̃knā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "छींकना"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tüsszent"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "hrx",
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niese"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hnerra"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternutar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bersin"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "lig sraoth"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnutire"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kushami o suru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "くしゃみをする"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shami o suru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "しゃみをする"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "wahing"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asĩg"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tüşkıru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "түшкіру"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑɑkɑndah",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "កណ្ដាស់"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "krj",
"lang": "Kinaray-a",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahën"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaechaegihada",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "재채기하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bêhnijîn"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "cückürüü",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "чүчкүрүү"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sarnudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chām",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ຈາມ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "škauduot"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternuō"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternūtō"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "šķaudīt"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "čiaudėti"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kiva",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кива"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kivnuva",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "кивнува"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mdh",
"lang": "Maguindanao",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "baan"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bersin"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "ōmpuka",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ഓമ്പുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tgħatas"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "yacihiyambi",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ᠶᠠᠴᡳᡥᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡳ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "matihe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"english": "several times",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "mātihetihe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihei"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "matihei"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihewa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ba'an"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "axiã"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "snesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "najtaax",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "найтаах"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êtèrnuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gastit"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nyse"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esternudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fnēosan"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niese"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'atse kardan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "عطسه کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kichać"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kichnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha mārnī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ ਮਾਰਨੀ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicchaṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛਣਾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "chikkaṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਛਿੱਕਣਾ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha āuṇī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ ਆਉਣੀ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch mārnī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھ مارنِی"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicchṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھݨا"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "chikkṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "چھِکّݨا"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch ā'oṇī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھ آؤݨِی"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "achhiy"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "strănuta"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sturnidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stirnidar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnüder"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnüdar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixátʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чиха́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixnútʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чихну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturridai"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturridare"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturritare"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturrudai"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturrudare"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sturridai"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sreothart"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ки́хати"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "ки́хнути"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kíhati"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "kíhnuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"roman": "aspırarğa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "аспырарға"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stranutari"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kýchať"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kýchnuť"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kihati"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kihniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "tśichaś"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kichaś"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Southern Sami",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gesnedh"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "estornudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nysa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bumahin"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "humatsing"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "atsa zadan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "атса задан"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "atsa kardan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "атса кардан"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "töçkerü",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "төчкерү"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tummu",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "తుమ్ము"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fani"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jaam",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "จาม"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hapşırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aksırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asgyrmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxáty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чха́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxnúty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чхну́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxáty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чиха́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxnúty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чихну́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chīṅknā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چهینکنا"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chīṅk mārnā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چھینک مارنا"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "chüshkürmek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چۈشكۈرمەك"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aksirmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "chuchkirmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hắt hơi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hắt xì"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nhảy mũi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "snidön"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stierni"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sprognî"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stiernouwer"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tisian"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nisn",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ניסן"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 26 17",
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gǂxáʻã"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To expel air as if the nose were irritated."
],
"id": "en-sneeze-en-verb-2~E2~tb3",
"links": [
[
"as if",
"as if"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To expel air as if the nose were irritated."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 20 10 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
"orig": "en:Medical signs and symptoms",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1924, Hugh Wiley, The Prowler, page 88",
"text": "Lily shook her head violently and sneezed a large blue-bottle fly from where that insect had perched itself on the tip of her nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Gunleen Deol, Sleepover Disaster, AuthorHouse, page 15",
"text": "When I crossed the road, I sneezed a big achoo! My nose started to feel itchy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Sarah Hines-Stephens, Jane B. Mason, A Dog and His Girl Mysteries #2: Dead Man's Best Friend, Scholastic Inc.",
"text": "I sneezed a big sneeze. It was so big I hit my nose on the sidewalk. Bow-ow. There was a smell in my snout that I wanted to get rid of. And it wasn't Muffet's rotten soup odor, either. That was actually kind of delicious.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Fowler DeWitt, The Contagious Colors of Mumpley Middle School, Simon and Schuster, page 89",
"text": "“Okay,”he said, and sneezed a large drop of pinkish goop. “But you better have a lot to eat! I'll race you upstairs!” Wilmer shook his head. Sherman's hyper energy level seemed to have increased, and that was saying a lot.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Cressida Cowell, How to Train Your Dragon: How to Betray a Dragon's Hero, Hachette Children's",
"text": "Toothless sneezed a large amount of dragon snot right in Hiccup's face.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To expel or displace (air, snot, etc) from the nose or mouth by the process above."
],
"id": "en-sneeze-en-verb-dqZLdXvY",
"links": [
[
"snot",
"snot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To expel or displace (air, snot, etc) from the nose or mouth by the process above."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sniːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sneeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg/En-us-sneeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sneeze (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "sneeze"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "snesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "fnesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze, snort"
},
"expansion": "Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fneusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fneusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fneusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fneusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-",
"t": "to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fniezen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fnýsa",
"t": "to snort"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nesen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnjósa",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snore"
},
"expansion": "snore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snort"
},
"expansion": "snort",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnoren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnoren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnorten"
},
"expansion": "fnorten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "snatted"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snatted",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnatted",
"3": "",
"4": "snub-nosed"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”), alteration of earlier fnesen (“to sneeze”), from Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fneusan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”), Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”).\nCompare neeze, from Middle English nesen, from Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”), cognate with Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”), Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”). See neeze.\nIt has been suggested that the change could be due to a misinterpretation of the uncommon initial sequence fn- as ſn- (sn- written with a long s), although the change is regular, seen also in snore and snort from Middle English fnoren and fnorten, and in late Middle English snatted from earlier Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”). The fn- forms of all these words fell out of use in the 1400s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sneezes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sneeze (plural sneezes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dracula sneeze"
},
{
"word": "nothing to sneeze at"
},
{
"word": "photic sneeze reflex"
},
{
"word": "sneeze-box"
},
{
"word": "sneeze gas"
},
{
"word": "sneezeguard"
},
{
"word": "sneeze guard"
},
{
"word": "sneezeless"
},
{
"word": "sneeze on the truth"
},
{
"word": "sneezer"
},
{
"word": "sneezeweed"
},
{
"word": "sneezewood"
},
{
"word": "sneezewort"
},
{
"word": "sneezle"
},
{
"word": "sneezy"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jared's hay fever gives him terrible sneezes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of sneezing."
],
"id": "en-sneeze-en-noun-FPEthtX3",
"related": [
{
"word": "achoo"
},
{
"word": "bless you"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sternutation"
},
{
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "ptarmus"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "'esna",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "エㇲナ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕuṭās",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عُطَاس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭsa",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَطْسَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭs",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عطس"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕṭass",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عطس"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻṙštocʻ",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "փռշտոց"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãsi",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "হাঁচি"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ˁuṭšā",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܥܘܼܛܫܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "tpātā",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܬܦܵܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirríu"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorníu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxánnje",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чыха́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíhane",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ки́хане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esternut"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "噴嚏"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pēntì",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "喷嚏"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "antaš",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Sahidic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "anthaš",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Bohairic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kýchnutí"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nys"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "niesen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "niezen"
},
{
"code": "inc-oas",
"lang": "Early Assamese",
"roman": "hañci",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "হাঞ্চি"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "terno"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aevastus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivastus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éternuement"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "atchoum"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudade"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esbirro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "debuto"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dacemineba",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "დაცემინება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cemineba",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "ცემინება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Niesen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ftárnisma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φτάρνισμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fternísma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φτερνίσμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ptérnisma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πτέρνισμα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ptarmós",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πταρμός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chī̃k",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "छींक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tüsszentés"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "sternuto"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivas"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivassus"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sraoth"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sraothartach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "starnuto"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kushami",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "くしゃみ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kan das",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "កណ្ដាស់"
},
{
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"class-3"
],
"word": "mwathimũro"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaechaegi",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "재채기"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sternūmentum"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šķaudiens"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tihei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "matihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "mātihetihe"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hatsʼíhyaa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esternut"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'atse",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "عطسه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šenuše",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "شنوشه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ešnuse",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "اشنوسه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kichnięcie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirro"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi",
"feminine"
],
"word": "نِچّھ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "strănut"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixánije",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чиха́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kihanje"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stranutu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kýchanie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornudo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nysning"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "bahing"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hatsing"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tummu",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "తుమ్ము"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hapşırık"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxánnjá",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чха́ння́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxánnja",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чиха́ння"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudo"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudada"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "cái hắt hơi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "cái hắt xì"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "snid"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trew"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nos",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נאָס"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nis",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניס"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sniːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sneeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg/En-us-sneeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sneeze",
"sneeze (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "sneeze"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pnew-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːz",
"Rhymes:English/iːz/1 syllable",
"en:Bodily functions",
"en:Medical signs and symptoms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "snesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "fnesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze, snort"
},
"expansion": "Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fneusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fneusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fneusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fneusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-",
"t": "to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fniezen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fnýsa",
"t": "to snort"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nesen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnjósa",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snore"
},
"expansion": "snore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snort"
},
"expansion": "snort",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnoren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnoren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnorten"
},
"expansion": "fnorten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "snatted"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snatted",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnatted",
"3": "",
"4": "snub-nosed"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”), alteration of earlier fnesen (“to sneeze”), from Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fneusan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”), Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”).\nCompare neeze, from Middle English nesen, from Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”), cognate with Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”), Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”). See neeze.\nIt has been suggested that the change could be due to a misinterpretation of the uncommon initial sequence fn- as ſn- (sn- written with a long s), although the change is regular, seen also in snore and snort from Middle English fnoren and fnorten, and in late Middle English snatted from earlier Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”). The fn- forms of all these words fell out of use in the 1400s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sneezes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snoze",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"obsolete",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sneezed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "snozen",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "snoze",
"past2_qual": "obsolete or humorous",
"past_ptc2": "snozen",
"past_ptc2_qual": "obsolete or humorous"
},
"expansion": "sneeze (third-person singular simple present sneezes, present participle sneezing, simple past sneezed or (obsolete or humorous) snoze, past participle sneezed or (obsolete or humorous) snozen)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "To avoid passing on your illness, you should sneeze into your sleeve.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To expel air as a reflex induced by an irritation in the nose."
],
"links": [
[
"reflex",
"reflex"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
],
[
"nose",
"nose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To expel air as a reflex induced by an irritation in the nose."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To expel air as if the nose were irritated."
],
"links": [
[
"as if",
"as if"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To expel air as if the nose were irritated."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1924, Hugh Wiley, The Prowler, page 88",
"text": "Lily shook her head violently and sneezed a large blue-bottle fly from where that insect had perched itself on the tip of her nose.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Gunleen Deol, Sleepover Disaster, AuthorHouse, page 15",
"text": "When I crossed the road, I sneezed a big achoo! My nose started to feel itchy.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Sarah Hines-Stephens, Jane B. Mason, A Dog and His Girl Mysteries #2: Dead Man's Best Friend, Scholastic Inc.",
"text": "I sneezed a big sneeze. It was so big I hit my nose on the sidewalk. Bow-ow. There was a smell in my snout that I wanted to get rid of. And it wasn't Muffet's rotten soup odor, either. That was actually kind of delicious.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Fowler DeWitt, The Contagious Colors of Mumpley Middle School, Simon and Schuster, page 89",
"text": "“Okay,”he said, and sneezed a large drop of pinkish goop. “But you better have a lot to eat! I'll race you upstairs!” Wilmer shook his head. Sherman's hyper energy level seemed to have increased, and that was saying a lot.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Cressida Cowell, How to Train Your Dragon: How to Betray a Dragon's Hero, Hachette Children's",
"text": "Toothless sneezed a large amount of dragon snot right in Hiccup's face.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To expel or displace (air, snot, etc) from the nose or mouth by the process above."
],
"links": [
[
"snot",
"snot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To expel or displace (air, snot, etc) from the nose or mouth by the process above."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sniːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sneeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg/En-us-sneeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to expel air as a reflex",
"word": "neeze"
},
{
"sense": "to expel air as a reflex",
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sternutate"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "esna",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "エㇱナ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "teshtij"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭasa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "عَطَسَ"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕṭəs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "عْطس"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻṙštal",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "փռշտալ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stãrnut"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãsia",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচিয়া"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচ. হাঁচি মাৰ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ˁāṭēš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ܥܵܛܹܫ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "tāpēt",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ܬܵܦܹܬ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirriar"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "estornudar"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asqırmaq"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "zintz egin"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čxacʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чхаць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čxnucʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чхнуць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxácʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чыха́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxnúcʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чыхну́ць"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "hãci dettoẏa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "হাঁচি দেত্তয়া"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahon"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíham",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ки́хам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíhna",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ки́хна"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "hkye",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ချေ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esternudar"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahon"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "duyvsdoyasga",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ᏚᏴᏍᏙᏯᏍᎦ"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "habishko"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daa² hat¹ ci¹",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打乞嗤"
},
{
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "da pɨnti",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "да пынти"
},
{
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "či͡on",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "чён"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "phah-ka-chhiùⁿ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "拍咳啾"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打噴嚏"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎ pēntì",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "打喷嚏"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "antaš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Sahidic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "anthaš",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Bohairic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kýchat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kýchnout"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nyse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niezen"
},
{
"code": "dz",
"lang": "Dzongkha",
"roman": "ag tshi rkyab pa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ཨག་ཚི་རྐྱབ་པ"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "terni"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aevastama"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "njósa"
},
{
"code": "ddg",
"lang": "Fataluku",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fahine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "éternuer"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnudâ"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbirrar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbechar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esbichar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirrar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espurrar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espurriñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "turniscar"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aceminebs",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "აცემინებს"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niesen"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "ernüüsse"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ftarnízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "φταρνίζομαι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fternízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "φτερνίζομαι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ptarnízomai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "πταρνίζομαι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ptárnumai",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "πτάρνυμαι"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "lehit'atésh",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "לְהִתְעַטֵשׁ"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "atsi"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chī̃knā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "छींकना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tüsszent"
},
{
"code": "hrx",
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niese"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hnerra"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternutar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bersin"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aivastaissa"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "lig sraoth"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnutire"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kushami o suru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "くしゃみをする"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shami o suru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "しゃみをする"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "wahing"
},
{
"code": "kgp",
"lang": "Kaingang",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asĩg"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tüşkıru",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "түшкіру"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑɑkɑndah",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "កណ្ដាស់"
},
{
"code": "krj",
"lang": "Kinaray-a",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bahën"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaechaegihada",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "재채기하다"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bêhnijîn"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "cückürüü",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "чүчкүрүү"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sarnudar"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chām",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ຈາມ"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "škauduot"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternuō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sternūtō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "šķaudīt"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "čiaudėti"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kiva",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кива"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kivnuva",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "кивнува"
},
{
"code": "mdh",
"lang": "Maguindanao",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "baan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bersin"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "ōmpuka",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ഓമ്പുക"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tgħatas"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "yacihiyambi",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ᠶᠠᠴᡳᡥᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡳ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "matihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "several times",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "mātihetihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "matihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "matihei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tihewa"
},
{
"code": "mrw",
"lang": "Maranao",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ba'an"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "axiã"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "snesen"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "najtaax",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "найтаах"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êtèrnuer"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gastit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nyse"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "esternudar"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fnēosan"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "niese"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'atse kardan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "عطسه کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kichać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kichnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "espirrar"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha mārnī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ ਮਾਰਨੀ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicchaṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛਣਾ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "chikkaṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਛਿੱਕਣਾ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha āuṇī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ ਆਉਣੀ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch mārnī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھ مارنِی"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicchṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھݨا"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "chikkṇā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "چھِکّݨا"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch ā'oṇī",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi"
],
"word": "نِچّھ آؤݨِی"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "achhiy"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "strănuta"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnidar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sturnidar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stirnidar"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnüder"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnüdar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixátʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чиха́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixnútʹ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чихну́ть"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturridai"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturridare"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturritare"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturrudai"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "isturrudare"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sturridai"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sreothart"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ки́хати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"perfective"
],
"word": "ки́хнути"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kíhati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"perfective"
],
"word": "kíhnuti"
},
{
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"roman": "aspırarğa",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "аспырарға"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stranutari"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kýchať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kýchnuť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kihati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kihniti"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "tśichaś"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kichaś"
},
{
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Southern Sami",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gesnedh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "estornudar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nysa"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "bumahin"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "humatsing"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "atsa zadan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "атса задан"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "atsa kardan",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "атса кардан"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "töçkerü",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "төчкерү"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tummu",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "తుమ్ము"
},
{
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "fani"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jaam",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "จาม"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hapşırmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aksırmak"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "asgyrmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxáty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чха́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxnúty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чхну́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxáty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чиха́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxnúty",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "чихну́ти"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chīṅknā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چهینکنا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "chīṅk mārnā",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چھینک مارنا"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "chüshkürmek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "چۈشكۈرمەك"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "aksirmoq"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "chuchkirmoq"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "starnudar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hắt hơi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "hắt xì"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nhảy mũi"
},
{
"code": "wym",
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "nisa"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "snidön"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stierni"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "sprognî"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "stiernouwer"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "tisian"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nisn",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "ניסן"
},
{
"code": "nmn",
"lang": "ǃXóõ",
"sense": "expel air as a reflex",
"word": "gǂxáʻã"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sneeze (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "sneeze"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English irregular verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pnew-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːz",
"Rhymes:English/iːz/1 syllable",
"en:Bodily functions",
"en:Medical signs and symptoms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Dracula sneeze"
},
{
"word": "nothing to sneeze at"
},
{
"word": "photic sneeze reflex"
},
{
"word": "sneeze-box"
},
{
"word": "sneeze gas"
},
{
"word": "sneezeguard"
},
{
"word": "sneeze guard"
},
{
"word": "sneezeless"
},
{
"word": "sneeze on the truth"
},
{
"word": "sneezer"
},
{
"word": "sneezeweed"
},
{
"word": "sneezewood"
},
{
"word": "sneezewort"
},
{
"word": "sneezle"
},
{
"word": "sneezy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "snesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnesen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "fnesen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze, snort"
},
"expansion": "Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fneusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fneusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fneusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fneusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pnew-",
"t": "to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fniezen",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fnýsa",
"t": "to snort"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nesen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nesen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*hnēosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "niosan",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnjósa",
"t": "to sneeze"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "neeze"
},
"expansion": "neeze",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snore"
},
"expansion": "snore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "snort"
},
"expansion": "snort",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnoren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnoren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnorten"
},
"expansion": "fnorten",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "snatted"
},
"expansion": "Middle English snatted",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fnatted",
"3": "",
"4": "snub-nosed"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English snesen (“to sneeze”), alteration of earlier fnesen (“to sneeze”), from Old English fnēosan (“to sneeze, snort”), from Proto-West Germanic *fneusan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, snort, sneeze”). Cognate with dialectal Dutch fniezen (“to sneeze”), Old Norse fnýsa (“to snort”).\nCompare neeze, from Middle English nesen, from Old English *hnēosan (“to sneeze”), cognate with Old High German niosan (“to sneeze”), Old Norse hnjósa (“to sneeze”). See neeze.\nIt has been suggested that the change could be due to a misinterpretation of the uncommon initial sequence fn- as ſn- (sn- written with a long s), although the change is regular, seen also in snore and snort from Middle English fnoren and fnorten, and in late Middle English snatted from earlier Middle English fnatted (“snub-nosed”). The fn- forms of all these words fell out of use in the 1400s.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sneezes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sneeze (plural sneezes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "achoo"
},
{
"word": "bless you"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jared's hay fever gives him terrible sneezes.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of sneezing."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "sternutation"
},
{
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "ptarmus"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sniːz/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sneeze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg/En-us-sneeze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/En-us-sneeze.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "'esna",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "エㇲナ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕuṭās",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عُطَاس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭsa",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَطْسَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕaṭs",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عطس"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕṭass",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "عطس"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʻṙštocʻ",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "փռշտոց"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "hãsi",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "হাঁচি"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "ˁuṭšā",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܥܘܼܛܫܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "tpātā",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܬܦܵܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirríu"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorníu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čyxánnje",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чыха́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kíhane",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ки́хане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esternut"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "噴嚏"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pēntì",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "喷嚏"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "antaš",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Sahidic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲧⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cop",
"lang": "Coptic",
"roman": "anthaš",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Bohairic"
],
"word": "ⲁⲛⲑⲁϣ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kýchnutí"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nys"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "niesen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "niezen"
},
{
"code": "inc-oas",
"lang": "Early Assamese",
"roman": "hañci",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "হাঞ্চি"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "terno"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aevastus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivastus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éternuement"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "atchoum"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudade"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esbirro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "debuto"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dacemineba",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "დაცემინება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "cemineba",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "ცემინება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Niesen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ftárnisma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φτάρνισμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fternísma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φτερνίσμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ptérnisma",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πτέρνισμα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ptarmós",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πταρμός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "chī̃k",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "छींक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tüsszentés"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "sternuto"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivas"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "aivassus"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sraoth"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sraothartach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "starnuto"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kushami",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "くしゃみ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kan das",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "កណ្ដាស់"
},
{
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"class-3"
],
"word": "mwathimũro"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaechaegi",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "재채기"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sternūmentum"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šķaudiens"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "tihei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "matihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "mātihetihe"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hatsʼíhyaa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esternut"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'atse",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "عطسه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šenuše",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "شنوشه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ešnuse",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "اشنوسه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kichnięcie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espirro"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "niccha",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Gurmukhi",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ਨਿੱਛ"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "nicch",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"Shahmukhi",
"feminine"
],
"word": "نِچّھ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "strănut"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čixánije",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чиха́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kihanje"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stranutu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kýchanie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornudo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nysning"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "bahing"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hatsing"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tummu",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "తుమ్ము"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "hapşırık"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čxánnjá",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чха́ння́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čyxánnja",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чиха́ння"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudo"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "starnudada"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "cái hắt hơi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "cái hắt xì"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"word": "snid"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trew"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nos",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "נאָס"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "nis",
"sense": "act of sneezing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניס"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sneeze",
"sneeze (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "sneeze"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": hãsi mar vs. hãs",
"path": [
"sneeze"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "sneeze",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.