"repel" meaning in All languages combined

See repel on Wiktionary

Noun [Catalan]

IPA: [rəˈpɛl] [Central], [rəˈpəl] [Balearic], [reˈpɛl] [Valencia] Forms: repels [plural], repèl [alternative]
Etymology: From re- + pèl. Etymology templates: {{af|ca|re-|pèl}} re- + pèl Head templates: {{ca-noun|m}} repel m (plural repels)
  1. a hair out of place Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-repel-ca-noun-TTfe4MGP
  2. (woodworking) snag Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-repel-ca-noun-vvYQ1os1 Categories (other): Woodworking, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Catalan entries with incorrect language header, Catalan terms prefixed with re- Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 28 5 5 8 8 4 14 3 22 Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 3 94 3 Disambiguation of Catalan terms prefixed with re-: 12 75 13 Topics: arts, business, carpentry, construction, crafts, hobbies, lifestyle, manufacturing, woodworking
  3. (dialectal) hangnail Tags: dialectal, masculine Synonyms: repeló
    Sense id: en-repel-ca-noun-R~HpNh5G
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: a repel, repelenc, repeló, repelós

Verb [English]

IPA: /ɹɪˈpɛl/ Audio: en-us-repel.ogg , en-au-repel.ogg
enPR: rĭ-pĕlʹ Rhymes: -ɛl Etymology: From Middle English repellen, a borrowing from Old French *repeller, from Latin repellere (“to drive back”), from re- (“back”) + pellere (“to drive”). Doublet of repeal. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*pel- (beat)}}, {{inh|en|enm|repellen}} Middle English repellen, {{der|en|fro||*repeller}} Old French *repeller, {{der|en|la|repellere||to drive back}} Latin repellere (“to drive back”), {{doublet|en|repeal}} Doublet of repeal Head templates: {{en-verb|++}} repel (third-person singular simple present repels, present participle repelling, simple past and past participle repelled) Forms: repels [present, singular, third-person], repelling [participle, present], repelled [participle, past], repelled [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], repel [infinitive], repel [first-person, present, singular], repelled [first-person, past, singular], repel [present, second-person, singular], repellest [archaic, present, second-person, singular], repelled [past, second-person, singular], repelledst [archaic, past, second-person, singular], repels [present, singular, third-person], repelleth [archaic, present, singular, third-person], repelled [past, singular, third-person], repel [plural, present], repelled [past, plural], repel [present, subjunctive], repelled [past, subjunctive], repel [imperative, present], - [imperative, past], repelling [participle, present], repelled [participle, past]
  1. (transitive, now rare) To turn (someone) away from a privilege, right, job, etc. Tags: archaic, transitive
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-m~sFc1C0 Categories (other): Terms with Hungarian translations Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 19 20 7 18 9 14
  2. (transitive) To reject, put off (a request, demand etc.). Tags: transitive Translations (to put off): отхвърлям (othvǎrljam) (Bulgarian), rebutjar (Catalan), refusar (Catalan), afweren (Dutch), verjagen (Dutch), torjua (Finnish), rebuter (French), repousser (French), zurückweisen (German), abweisen (German), repellō (Latin), о́дбие (ódbie) (Macedonian), отка́зываться приня́ть (otkázyvatʹsja prinjátʹ) (Russian), отверга́ть (otvergátʹ) (Russian), отклоня́ть (otklonjátʹ) (Russian)
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-ugrWcfdV Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 19 20 7 18 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 9 20 18 11 13 9 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of 'to put off': 1 89 7 1 1 1 0
  3. (transitive) To ward off (a malignant influence, attack etc.). Tags: transitive Translations (to drive away): отблъсквам (otblǎskvam) (Bulgarian), repel·lir (Catalan), torjua (Finnish), karkottaa (Finnish), zurückdrängen (German), abwehren (German), zurückwerfen (German), ruaig (Irish), pare (Maori), parepare (Maori), wawao (Maori), taiari (Maori), отбрасывать (otbrasyvatʹ) (Russian), отража́ть (otražátʹ) (Russian), इङ्गति (iṅgati) (Sanskrit) Translations (to turn away): torjua (Finnish) Translations (to ward off): دَفَعَ (dafaʕa) (Arabic), صَدَّ (ṣadda) (Arabic), دَرَأَ (daraʔa) (Arabic), отбивам (otbivam) (Bulgarian), repel·lir (Catalan), torjua (Finnish), karkottaa (Finnish), abwehren (German), repellō (Latin), kaikaro (english: a malignant influence or evil spell) (Maori), ripa (note: with a magic spell) (Maori), taiari (Maori), ока́зывать сопротивле́ние (okázyvatʹ soprotivlénije) (Russian), противостоя́ть (protivostojátʹ) (Russian)
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-fITqVPTu Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 19 20 7 18 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 9 20 18 11 13 9 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of 'to drive away': 10 15 50 12 10 4 0 Disambiguation of 'to turn away': 22 14 49 3 9 3 0 Disambiguation of 'to ward off': 2 8 85 1 1 1 1
  4. (transitive) To drive back (an assailant, advancing force etc.). Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-ZIbMiCbq Categories (other): Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 9 20 18 11 13 9 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 18 21 12 12 7 23
  5. (transitive, physics) To force away by means of a repulsive force. Tags: transitive Translations (physics: to force away): отблъсквам (otblǎskvam) (Bulgarian), repel·lir (Catalan), odpuzovat (Czech), afstoten (Dutch), hylkiä (Finnish), repousser (French), განზიდვა (ganzidva) (Georgian), abstoßen (German), અપાકર્ષવું (apākarṣavũ) (Gujarati), taszít (Hungarian), repelir (Portuguese), отталкивать (ottalkivatʹ) (Russian), repeler (Spanish), repellera (Swedish), వికర్షించు (vikarṣiñcu) (Telugu)
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb--yybP6o8 Categories (other): Physics, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 19 20 7 18 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 9 20 18 11 13 9 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 18 21 12 12 7 23 Topics: natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics Disambiguation of 'physics: to force away': 9 6 9 6 66 4 0
  6. (transitive) To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust. Tags: transitive Translations (to cause repulsion or dislike): отвращавам (otvraštavam) (Bulgarian), repel·lir (Catalan), etoa (Finnish), abstoßen (German), odpychać [imperfective] (Polish), претить (pretitʹ) (Russian), вызыва́ть отвраще́ние (vyzyvátʹ otvraščénije) (Russian), вызыва́ть неприя́знь (vyzyvátʹ neprijáznʹ) (Russian), отпугивать (otpugivatʹ) (Russian), отталкивать (ottalkivatʹ) (Russian)
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-fNeD5yPw Disambiguation of 'to cause repulsion or dislike': 2 4 4 1 5 85 0
  7. (transitive, sports) To save (a shot). Tags: transitive Translations (to save a shot (sports)): abwehren (German)
    Sense id: en-repel-en-verb-W4ebvUwE Categories (other): Sports, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sanskrit translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Telugu translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 11 14 16 5 21 6 27 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 10 16 17 10 15 9 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 8 19 15 10 16 7 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 8 15 16 8 10 6 35 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 10 16 18 10 13 10 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 11 15 18 9 12 9 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Gujarati translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 14 19 20 7 18 9 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 9 14 16 9 13 9 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 7 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 9 20 18 11 13 9 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 18 21 12 12 7 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 9 14 16 9 13 9 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Sanskrit translations: 8 19 16 10 13 8 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 9 15 17 9 15 9 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 8 20 16 10 13 8 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Telugu translations: 9 14 16 9 13 9 29 Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, sports Disambiguation of 'to save a shot (sports)': 0 0 1 0 0 0 99
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: repellency, repellent, repulse, repulsion, repulsive

Inflected forms

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "attract"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel- (beat)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "repellen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English repellen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*repeller"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French *repeller",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "repellere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to drive back"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin repellere (“to drive back”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "repeal"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of repeal",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English repellen, a borrowing from Old French *repeller, from Latin repellere (“to drive back”), from re- (“back”) + pellere (“to drive”). Doublet of repeal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glossary",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repellest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelledst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelleth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelling",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++"
      },
      "expansion": "repel (third-person singular simple present repels, present participle repelling, simple past and past participle repelled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "re‧pel"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "repellency"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "repellent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "repulse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "repulsion"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "repulsive"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 19 20 7 18 9 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              39,
              47
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 7:",
          "text": "It is some satisfaction to him that is repelled, that dignities, honours, offices, are not alwayes given by desert or worth, but for love, affinitie, friendship, affection, great mens letters, or as commonly they are bought and sold.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn (someone) away from a privilege, right, job, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-m~sFc1C0",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn (someone) away",
          "turn away"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, now rare) To turn (someone) away from a privilege, right, job, etc."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 19 20 7 18 9 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 20 18 11 13 9 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To reject, put off (a request, demand etc.)."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-ugrWcfdV",
      "links": [
        [
          "reject",
          "reject"
        ],
        [
          "put off",
          "put off"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To reject, put off (a request, demand etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "othvǎrljam",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "отхвърлям"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "rebutjar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "refusar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "afweren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "verjagen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "torjua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "rebuter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "repousser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "zurückweisen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "abweisen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "repellō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "ódbie",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "о́дбие"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otkázyvatʹsja prinjátʹ",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "отка́зываться приня́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otvergátʹ",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "отверга́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 89 7 1 1 1 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otklonjátʹ",
          "sense": "to put off",
          "word": "отклоня́ть"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 19 20 7 18 9 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 20 18 11 13 9 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To ward off (a malignant influence, attack etc.)."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-fITqVPTu",
      "links": [
        [
          "ward",
          "ward"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To ward off (a malignant influence, attack etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "22 14 49 3 9 3 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to turn away",
          "word": "torjua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "dafaʕa",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "دَفَعَ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ṣadda",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "صَدَّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "daraʔa",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "دَرَأَ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otbivam",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "отбивам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "repel·lir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "torjua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "karkottaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "abwehren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "repellō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "english": "a malignant influence or evil spell",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "kaikaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "note": "with a magic spell",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "ripa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "taiari"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "okázyvatʹ soprotivlénije",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "ока́зывать сопротивле́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 85 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "protivostojátʹ",
          "sense": "to ward off",
          "word": "противостоя́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otblǎskvam",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "отблъсквам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "repel·lir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "torjua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "karkottaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "zurückdrängen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "abwehren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "zurückwerfen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "ruaig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "pare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "parepare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "wawao"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "taiari"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otbrasyvatʹ",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "отбрасывать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otražátʹ",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "отража́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 15 50 12 10 4 0",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "iṅgati",
          "sense": "to drive away",
          "word": "इङ्गति"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 20 18 11 13 9 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 21 12 12 7 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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      ],
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          "text": "In nearby Zintan, rebels repelled an advance by Gaddafi's forces, killing eight and taking one prisoner, a local activist said.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To drive back (an assailant, advancing force etc.)."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-ZIbMiCbq",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To drive back (an assailant, advancing force etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physics",
          "orig": "en:Physics",
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "7 18 21 12 12 7 23",
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          "name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 19 20 7 18 9 14",
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          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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        },
        {
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        {
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        {
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To force away by means of a repulsive force."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb--yybP6o8",
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          "physics",
          "physics"
        ]
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        "(transitive, physics) To force away by means of a repulsive force."
      ],
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        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
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        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otblǎskvam",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "отблъсквам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "repel·lir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "odpuzovat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "afstoten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "hylkiä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "repousser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ganzidva",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "განზიდვა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "abstoßen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "gu",
          "lang": "Gujarati",
          "roman": "apākarṣavũ",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "અપાકર્ષવું"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "taszít"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "repelir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ottalkivatʹ",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "отталкивать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "repeler"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "repellera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 6 9 6 66 4 0",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "vikarṣiñcu",
          "sense": "physics: to force away",
          "word": "వికర్షించు"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
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          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
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              83
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          "ref": "2008 January 26, The Guardian:",
          "text": "However, while the idea of a free holiday appeals enormously, I am frankly repelled by the idea of spending a couple of weeks in your company.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-fNeD5yPw",
      "links": [
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ],
        [
          "dislike",
          "dislike"
        ],
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otvraštavam",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "отвращавам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "repel·lir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "etoa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "abstoßen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "odpychać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pretitʹ",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "претить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vyzyvátʹ otvraščénije",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "вызыва́ть отвраще́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vyzyvátʹ neprijáznʹ",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "вызыва́ть неприя́знь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otpugivatʹ",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "отпугивать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 4 1 5 85 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ottalkivatʹ",
          "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
          "word": "отталкивать"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Sports",
          "orig": "en:Sports",
          "parents": [],
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        {
          "_dis": "11 14 16 5 21 6 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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        {
          "_dis": "10 16 17 10 15 9 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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          "_dis": "5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18",
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          "type": "quote"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To save (a shot)."
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-en-verb-W4ebvUwE",
      "links": [
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "save",
          "save"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, sports) To save (a shot)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 1 0 0 0 99",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to save a shot (sports)",
          "word": "abwehren"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "rĭ-pĕlʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹɪˈpɛl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-repel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-us-repel.ogg/En-us-repel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-us-repel.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-repel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-au-repel.ogg/En-au-repel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-au-repel.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "repel"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "a repel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "repelenc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "repeló"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "repelós"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "pèl"
      },
      "expansion": "re- + pèl",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From re- + pèl.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repèl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "repel m (plural repels)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a hair out of place"
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-ca-noun-TTfe4MGP",
      "links": [
        [
          "hair out of place",
          "hair out of place"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Woodworking",
          "orig": "ca:Woodworking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 8 7 10 11 6 11 4 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 28 5 5 8 8 4 14 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 94 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 75 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan terms prefixed with re-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "snag"
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-ca-noun-vvYQ1os1",
      "links": [
        [
          "woodworking",
          "woodworking"
        ],
        [
          "snag",
          "snag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(woodworking) snag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "business",
        "carpentry",
        "construction",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "woodworking"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "hangnail"
      ],
      "id": "en-repel-ca-noun-R~HpNh5G",
      "links": [
        [
          "hangnail",
          "hangnail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dialectal) hangnail"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "repeló"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[rəˈpɛl]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[rəˈpəl]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[reˈpɛl]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "repel"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Catalan countable nouns",
    "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
    "Catalan lemmas",
    "Catalan masculine nouns",
    "Catalan nouns",
    "Catalan terms prefixed with re-",
    "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "a repel"
    },
    {
      "word": "repelenc"
    },
    {
      "word": "repeló"
    },
    {
      "word": "repelós"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "re-",
        "3": "pèl"
      },
      "expansion": "re- + pèl",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From re- + pèl.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repèl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "repel m (plural repels)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a hair out of place"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hair out of place",
          "hair out of place"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ca:Woodworking"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "snag"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "woodworking",
          "woodworking"
        ],
        [
          "snag",
          "snag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(woodworking) snag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "arts",
        "business",
        "carpentry",
        "construction",
        "crafts",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "manufacturing",
        "woodworking"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Catalan dialectal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hangnail"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hangnail",
          "hangnail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dialectal) hangnail"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "repeló"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[rəˈpɛl]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[rəˈpəl]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[reˈpɛl]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "repel"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "attract"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- (beat)",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Irish translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛl",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛl/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Gujarati translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Telugu translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel- (beat)"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "repellen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English repellen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*repeller"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French *repeller",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "repellere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to drive back"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin repellere (“to drive back”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "repeal"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of repeal",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English repellen, a borrowing from Old French *repeller, from Latin repellere (“to drive back”), from re- (“back”) + pellere (“to drive”). Doublet of repeal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "glossary",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repellest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelledst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repels",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelleth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repel",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelling",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "repelled",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++"
      },
      "expansion": "repel (third-person singular simple present repels, present participle repelling, simple past and past participle repelled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "re‧pel"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "repellency"
    },
    {
      "word": "repellent"
    },
    {
      "word": "repulse"
    },
    {
      "word": "repulsion"
    },
    {
      "word": "repulsive"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              39,
              47
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 7:",
          "text": "It is some satisfaction to him that is repelled, that dignities, honours, offices, are not alwayes given by desert or worth, but for love, affinitie, friendship, affection, great mens letters, or as commonly they are bought and sold.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn (someone) away from a privilege, right, job, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn (someone) away",
          "turn away"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, now rare) To turn (someone) away from a privilege, right, job, etc."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To reject, put off (a request, demand etc.)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reject",
          "reject"
        ],
        [
          "put off",
          "put off"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To reject, put off (a request, demand etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To ward off (a malignant influence, attack etc.)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ward",
          "ward"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To ward off (a malignant influence, attack etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011 May 19, Ian Traynor, The Guardian:",
          "text": "In nearby Zintan, rebels repelled an advance by Gaddafi's forces, killing eight and taking one prisoner, a local activist said.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To drive back (an assailant, advancing force etc.)."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To drive back (an assailant, advancing force etc.)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To force away by means of a repulsive force."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, physics) To force away by means of a repulsive force."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              75,
              83
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2008 January 26, The Guardian:",
          "text": "However, while the idea of a free holiday appeals enormously, I am frankly repelled by the idea of spending a couple of weeks in your company.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "repulsion",
          "repulsion"
        ],
        [
          "dislike",
          "dislike"
        ],
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To cause repulsion or dislike in; to disgust."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Sports"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              97,
              105
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1-0 Everton”, in BBC Sport:",
          "text": "Arsenal pressed forward again after half-time but other than a venomous Walcott shot that Howard repelled with a fine one-handed save, the hosts offered little cutting edge.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To save (a shot)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sports",
          "sports"
        ],
        [
          "save",
          "save"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, sports) To save (a shot)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "rĭ-pĕlʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹɪˈpɛl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-repel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/En-us-repel.ogg/En-us-repel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/En-us-repel.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-repel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/En-au-repel.ogg/En-au-repel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/En-au-repel.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛl"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to turn away",
      "word": "torjua"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "othvǎrljam",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "отхвърлям"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "rebutjar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "refusar"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "afweren"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "verjagen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "torjua"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "rebuter"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "repousser"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "zurückweisen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "abweisen"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "repellō"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "ódbie",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "о́дбие"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otkázyvatʹsja prinjátʹ",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "отка́зываться приня́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otvergátʹ",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "отверга́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otklonjátʹ",
      "sense": "to put off",
      "word": "отклоня́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "dafaʕa",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "دَفَعَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ṣadda",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "صَدَّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "daraʔa",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "دَرَأَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otbivam",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "отбивам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "repel·lir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "torjua"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "karkottaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "abwehren"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "repellō"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "english": "a malignant influence or evil spell",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "kaikaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "note": "with a magic spell",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "ripa"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "taiari"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "okázyvatʹ soprotivlénije",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "ока́зывать сопротивле́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "protivostojátʹ",
      "sense": "to ward off",
      "word": "противостоя́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otblǎskvam",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "отблъсквам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "repel·lir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "torjua"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "karkottaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "zurückdrängen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "abwehren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "zurückwerfen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "ruaig"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "pare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "parepare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "wawao"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "taiari"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otbrasyvatʹ",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "отбрасывать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otražátʹ",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "отража́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "iṅgati",
      "sense": "to drive away",
      "word": "इङ्गति"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otblǎskvam",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "отблъсквам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "repel·lir"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "odpuzovat"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "afstoten"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "hylkiä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "repousser"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ganzidva",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "განზიდვა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "abstoßen"
    },
    {
      "code": "gu",
      "lang": "Gujarati",
      "roman": "apākarṣavũ",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "અપાકર્ષવું"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "taszít"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "repelir"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ottalkivatʹ",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "отталкивать"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "repeler"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "repellera"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "vikarṣiñcu",
      "sense": "physics: to force away",
      "word": "వికర్షించు"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otvraštavam",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "отвращавам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "repel·lir"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "etoa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "abstoßen"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "odpychać"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pretitʹ",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "претить"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vyzyvátʹ otvraščénije",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "вызыва́ть отвраще́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vyzyvátʹ neprijáznʹ",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "вызыва́ть неприя́знь"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otpugivatʹ",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "отпугивать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ottalkivatʹ",
      "sense": "to cause repulsion or dislike",
      "word": "отталкивать"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to save a shot (sports)",
      "word": "abwehren"
    }
  ],
  "word": "repel"
}

Download raw JSONL data for repel meaning in All languages combined (16.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.