See kum on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kum meaning in All languages combined (44.3kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-2",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kumyk."
],
"id": "en-kum-mul-symbol-jH1RKpxF",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kumyk."
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "kú",
"3": "-m",
"t1": "thy"
},
"expansion": "kú (“thy”) + -m",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From kú (“thy”) + -m.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kúumu",
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuumú",
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "predicative",
"4": "kúumu",
"5": "or",
"6": "kuumú",
"cat2": "possessive pronouns",
"head": "kúm"
},
"expansion": "kúm (predicative kúumu or kuumú)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar possessive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Possessive pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afar terms suffixed with -m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thine, yours"
],
"id": "en-kum-aa-pron-jOAd2rc1",
"links": [
[
"thine",
"thine"
],
[
"yours",
"yours"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "yím"
},
{
"word": "kúm"
},
{
"word": "kayím"
},
{
"word": "tetím"
},
{
"word": "ním"
},
{
"word": "siním"
},
{
"word": "kením"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊm]"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "gag-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gagauz entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-kum-gag-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*Kum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *Kum",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *Kum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karaim entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-kum-kdr-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mapudungun entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Raguileo Mapudungun spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "arn",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "arn:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of dark red colour."
],
"id": "en-kum-arn-adj-EayReewp",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avløpskum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brannkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fiskekum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gjødselkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kloakkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kumlokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "slamkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vaskekum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kumme"
},
"expansion": "kumme",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kumme",
"3": "",
"4": "bowl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German kum, kumme (compare German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kummen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kummer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kummene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sink"
],
"id": "en-kum-nb-noun-GXi68sFT",
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manhole"
],
"id": "en-kum-nb-noun-ujkl9xnL",
"links": [
[
"manhole",
"manhole"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "manhole",
"word": "mannhull"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avløpskum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brannkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fiskekum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gjødselkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kloakkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kumlokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "slamkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vaskekum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kumme"
},
"expansion": "kumme",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kumme",
"3": "",
"4": "bowl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German kum, kumme (compare German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kummen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kummar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kummane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sink"
],
"id": "en-kum-nn-noun-GXi68sFT",
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manhole"
],
"id": "en-kum-nn-noun-ujkl9xnL",
"links": [
[
"manhole",
"manhole"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ, from earlier *kъmotrъ, from Latin compater.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kum m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"10": "kumami",
"11": "kumie",
"12": "kumach",
"13": "kumie",
"14": "kumowie",
"2": "kumowie",
"3": "kuma",
"4": "kumów",
"5": "kumowi",
"6": "kumom",
"7": "kuma",
"8": "kumów",
"9": "kumem"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 28 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 69 20 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"id": "en-kum-pl-noun-pVsBU~2~",
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 28 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chum"
],
"id": "en-kum-pl-noun-8Z8eyS~A",
"links": [
[
"chum",
"chum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) chum"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 28 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 13 12 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "pl:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ribbit"
],
"id": "en-kum-pl-intj-wv3nNz~v",
"links": [
[
"ribbit",
"ribbit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "kum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 28 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kuma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of kuma"
],
"id": "en-kum-pl-noun-MUa4uVz8",
"links": [
[
"kuma",
"kuma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъmotrъ"
},
"expansion": "*kъmotrъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ, from earlier *kъmotrъ, from Latin compater.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку̑м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kȗm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȕmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "kȗm"
},
"expansion": "kȗm m (Cyrillic spelling ку̑м)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kȗm",
"10": "kumovi",
"11": "kumu",
"12": "kumovima",
"13": "kumom",
"14": "kumovima",
"2": "kȕmovi",
"3": "kuma",
"4": "kumova",
"5": "kumu",
"6": "kumovima",
"7": "kuma",
"8": "kumove",
"9": "kume"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 43 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "sh:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"id": "en-kum-sh-noun-pVsBU~2~",
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "vjenčani kum",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"best man"
],
"id": "en-kum-sh-noun-0HjtO-9v",
"links": [
[
"best man",
"best man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûːm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "best man",
"word": "vjenčani svjedok"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوم",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قوم",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum",
"3": "",
"4": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum (“sand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قوم (Turkish kum (“sand”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȕm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку̏м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun-unc\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "kȕm"
},
"expansion": "kȕm m (Cyrillic spelling ку̏м)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "kuma",
"3": "kumu",
"4": "kum",
"5": "kumu",
"6": "kumu",
"7": "kumom"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun-unc"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-kum-sh-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) sand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pijesak"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûm/"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "sh",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kum",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Serbo-Croatian kum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "svm-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kum m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "m-cons",
"3": "a",
"4": "b",
"a": "an"
},
"name": "svm-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slavomolisano",
"lang_code": "svm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slavomolisano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Godfather, I know where there is a farm where there are many things to eat inside. What do you say, shall we go?",
"ref": "2010, Natalina Spadanuda, Le renard et le loup",
"text": "Kum, ja znam di je na masarija di, unutra, jesu čuda stvari za jist. Što gorivaš, šma po?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"id": "en-kum-svm-noun-pVsBU~2~",
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûːm/"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kum",
"word": "𒄣"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒄣 (kum)"
],
"id": "en-kum-sux-romanization-b8rebNPU",
"links": [
[
"𒄣",
"𒄣#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kum m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tuft of hair"
],
"id": "en-kum-xto-noun-rbZTfv62",
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم",
"t": "sand, gravel",
"tr": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوم (kum, “sand, gravel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur قۇم (qum)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish قوم (kum, “sand, gravel”), from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”), compare Uyghur قۇم (qum).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kumu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumsun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarsın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardır",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumsunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarsınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardır",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "kumu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "kumlar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative kumu, plural kumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative kumu, plural kumlar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"poss": "1",
"pred": "1"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kum balığı"
},
{
"word": "kumcu"
},
{
"word": "kumculuk"
},
{
"word": "kumlu"
},
{
"word": "kumluk"
},
{
"word": "kumsal"
},
{
"word": "kumsuz"
},
{
"word": "kumul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-kum-tr-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kŭm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sai-wnm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "kúm, kŭm"
},
"expansion": "kúm, kŭm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wanham",
"lang_code": "sai-wnm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wanham entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-kum-sai-wnm-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "",
"tr": "ҳъʷm"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: [script needed] (ҳъʷm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: [script needed] (ҳъʷm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: qum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: gum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: gum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "къум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: къум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: къум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "qum",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: qum (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: qum (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡом"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡом (qom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡом (qom)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: qum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "құм"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: құм (qūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: құм (qūm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кумак"
},
"expansion": "кумак (kumak)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кум (kum) , кумак (kumak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قۇم (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قۇم (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "кумак",
"tr": "kumak"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: кумак (kumak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: кумак (kumak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кумах"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: кумах (kumaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: кумах (kumaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хум"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хум (xum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хум (xum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кубак"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: кубак (kubak)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "кум (kum)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: кубак (kubak) (Kumandy), кум (kum) (Chelkan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "homok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: homok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: homok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ce",
"2": "гӏум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chechen: гӏум (ğum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chechen: гӏум (ğum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dar",
"2": "гъум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dargwa: гъум (γum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dargwa: гъум (γum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjj",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khinalug: къум (qːum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khinalug: къум (qːum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: къум (q̄um)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: къум (q̄um)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tabasaran: къум (q̄um)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "гъум"
},
"expansion": "гъум (ġum)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Tabasaran: къум (q̄um); гъум (ġum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: къум (q̇um)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: къум (q̇um)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "qûm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: qûm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: qûm"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumgaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "o"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kumyk terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-kum-trk-pro-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kạyïr"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "kú",
"3": "-m",
"t1": "thy"
},
"expansion": "kú (“thy”) + -m",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From kú (“thy”) + -m.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kúumu",
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuumú",
"tags": [
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aa",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "predicative",
"4": "kúumu",
"5": "or",
"6": "kuumú",
"cat2": "possessive pronouns",
"head": "kúm"
},
"expansion": "kúm (predicative kúumu or kuumú)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Afar",
"lang_code": "aa",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "yím"
},
{
"word": "kúm"
},
{
"word": "kayím"
},
{
"word": "tetím"
},
{
"word": "ním"
},
{
"word": "siním"
},
{
"word": "kením"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afar entries with incorrect language header",
"Afar lemmas",
"Afar possessive pronouns",
"Afar pronouns",
"Afar terms suffixed with -m",
"Afar terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"thine, yours"
],
"links": [
[
"thine",
"thine"
],
[
"yours",
"yours"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkum/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊm]"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "gag-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gagauz entries with incorrect language header",
"Gagauz lemmas",
"Gagauz nouns",
"Gagauz terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Gagauz terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Requests for inflections in Gagauz entries"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*Kum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *Kum",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *Kum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karaim",
"lang_code": "kdr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Karaim entries with incorrect language header",
"Karaim lemmas",
"Karaim nouns",
"Karaim terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Karaim terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mapudungun adjectives",
"Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"Mapudungun entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Mapudungun lemmas",
"Raguileo Mapudungun spellings",
"arn:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"Of dark red colour."
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "avløpskum"
},
{
"word": "brannkum"
},
{
"word": "fiskekum"
},
{
"word": "gjødselkum"
},
{
"word": "kloakkum"
},
{
"word": "kumlokk"
},
{
"word": "slamkum"
},
{
"word": "vaskekum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kumme"
},
"expansion": "kumme",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kumme",
"3": "",
"4": "bowl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German kum, kumme (compare German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kummen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kummer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kummene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sink"
],
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manhole"
],
"links": [
[
"manhole",
"manhole"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "manhole",
"word": "mannhull"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "avløpskum"
},
{
"word": "brannkum"
},
{
"word": "fiskekum"
},
{
"word": "gjødselkum"
},
{
"word": "kloakkum"
},
{
"word": "kumlokk"
},
{
"word": "slamkum"
},
{
"word": "vaskekum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kumme"
},
"expansion": "kumme",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kumme",
"3": "",
"4": "bowl"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Low German kum, kumme (compare German Low German Kumme (“bowl”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kummen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kummar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kummane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sink"
],
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manhole"
],
"links": [
[
"manhole",
"manhole"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ, from earlier *kъmotrъ, from Latin compater.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kum m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"10": "kumami",
"11": "kumie",
"12": "kumach",
"13": "kumie",
"14": "kumowie",
"2": "kumowie",
"3": "kuma",
"4": "kumów",
"5": "kumowi",
"6": "kumom",
"7": "kuma",
"8": "kumów",
"9": "kumem"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"chum"
],
"links": [
[
"chum",
"chum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) chum"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish interjections",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish onomatopoeias",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ribbit"
],
"links": [
[
"ribbit",
"ribbit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "kum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kuma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of kuma"
],
"links": [
[
"kuma",
"kuma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "",
"tr": "ҳъʷm"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: [script needed] (ҳъʷm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: [script needed] (ҳъʷm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: qum"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: kum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: kum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "gum"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: gum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: gum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "къум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: къум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: къум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "qum",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: qum (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: qum (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡом"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡом (qom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡом (qom)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: qum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "құм"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: құм (qūm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: құм (qūm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: qum"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кумак"
},
"expansion": "кумак (kumak)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кум (kum) , кумак (kumak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قۇم (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قۇم (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "кумак",
"tr": "kumak"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: кумак (kumak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: кумак (kumak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кумах"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: кумах (kumaq)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: кумах (kumaq)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кум (kum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кум (kum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хум"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хум (xum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хум (xum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қум",
"tr": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қум (qum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қум (qum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кубак"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: кубак (kubak)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кум"
},
"expansion": "кум (kum)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: кубак (kubak) (Kumandy), кум (kum) (Chelkan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qum"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "homok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: homok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: homok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ce",
"2": "гӏум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chechen: гӏум (ğum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chechen: гӏум (ğum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dar",
"2": "гъум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dargwa: гъум (γum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dargwa: гъум (γum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjj",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khinalug: къум (qːum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khinalug: къум (qːum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: къум (q̄um)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: къум (q̄um)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tabasaran: къум (q̄um)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tab",
"2": "гъум"
},
"expansion": "гъум (ġum)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Tabasaran: къум (q̄um); гъум (ġum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "къум",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: къум (q̇um)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: къум (q̇um)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "qûm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: qûm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: qûm"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnïg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumnïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumgaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "o"
},
"name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations",
"Kumyk terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms",
"trk-pro:Landforms"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kạyïr"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kъmotrъ"
},
"expansion": "*kъmotrъ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kumъ, from earlier *kъmotrъ, from Latin compater.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку̑м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kȗm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kȕmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "kȗm"
},
"expansion": "kȗm m (Cyrillic spelling ку̑м)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kȗm",
"10": "kumovi",
"11": "kumu",
"12": "kumovima",
"13": "kumom",
"14": "kumovima",
"2": "kȕmovi",
"3": "kuma",
"4": "kumova",
"5": "kumu",
"6": "kumovima",
"7": "kuma",
"8": "kumove",
"9": "kume"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Serbo-Croatian usage examples",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "vjenčani kum",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"best man"
],
"links": [
[
"best man",
"best man"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûːm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "best man",
"word": "vjenčani svjedok"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوم",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قوم",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum",
"3": "",
"4": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum (“sand”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قوم (Turkish kum (“sand”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kȕm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку̏м",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun-unc\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "kȕm"
},
"expansion": "kȕm m (Cyrillic spelling ку̏м)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "kuma",
"3": "kumu",
"4": "kum",
"5": "kumu",
"6": "kumu",
"7": "kumom"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun-unc"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) sand"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pijesak"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûm/"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "sh",
"3": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kum",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Serbo-Croatian kum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "svm-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "svm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kum m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "m-cons",
"3": "a",
"4": "b",
"a": "an"
},
"name": "svm-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Slavomolisano",
"lang_code": "svm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Slavomolisano entries with incorrect language header",
"Slavomolisano lemmas",
"Slavomolisano masculine nouns",
"Slavomolisano nouns",
"Slavomolisano terms derived from Serbo-Croatian",
"Slavomolisano terms inherited from Serbo-Croatian",
"Slavomolisano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Slavomolisano terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Godfather, I know where there is a farm where there are many things to eat inside. What do you say, shall we go?",
"ref": "2010, Natalina Spadanuda, Le renard et le loup",
"text": "Kum, ja znam di je na masarija di, unutra, jesu čuda stvari za jist. Što gorivaš, šma po?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"godfather"
],
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kûːm/"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kum",
"word": "𒄣"
}
],
"categories": [
"Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sumerian non-lemma forms",
"Sumerian romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒄣 (kum)"
],
"links": [
[
"𒄣",
"𒄣#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kum m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian A lemmas",
"Tocharian A masculine nouns",
"Tocharian A nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"tuft of hair"
],
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kum",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-2",
"ISO 639-3",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kumyk."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kumyk."
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kum balığı"
},
{
"word": "kumcu"
},
{
"word": "kumculuk"
},
{
"word": "kumlu"
},
{
"word": "kumluk"
},
{
"word": "kumsal"
},
{
"word": "kumsuz"
},
{
"word": "kumul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قوم",
"t": "sand, gravel",
"tr": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوم (kum, “sand, gravel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قۇم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur قۇم (qum)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish قوم (kum, “sand, gravel”), from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”), compare Uyghur قۇم (qum).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kumu",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumundan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumumuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumunuzun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumsun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarsın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumdur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardır",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kumsunuz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlarsınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kumlardır",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "kumu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "kumlar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative kumu, plural kumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "kum (definite accusative kumu, plural kumlar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"poss": "1",
"pred": "1"
},
"name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Turkish terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kum/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-kum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-kum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kŭm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sai-wnm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "kúm, kŭm"
},
"expansion": "kúm, kŭm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wanham",
"lang_code": "sai-wnm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Wanham entries with incorrect language header",
"Wanham lemmas",
"Wanham nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kum"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: accusative",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: locative",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Slavomolisano]; cleaned text: instrumental",
"path": [
"kum"
],
"section": "Slavomolisano",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.