"kaum" meaning in All languages combined

See kaum on Wiktionary

Adverb [Cimbrian]

Etymology: From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with German kaum, also English comely. Etymology templates: {{root|cim|ine-pro|*gewH-}}, {{inh|cim|gmh|kūme}} Middle High German kūme, {{inh|cim|goh|kūmo}} Old High German kūmo, {{der|cim|gem-pro|*kūmaz}} Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, {{der|cim|ine-pro|*gewH-|t=to call, cry}} Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”), {{cog|de|kaum}} German kaum, {{cog|en|comely}} English comely Head templates: {{head|cim|adverb}} kaum, {{tlb|cim|7}} (Sette Comuni)
  1. barely, hardly Tags: Sette-Comuni
    Sense id: en-kaum-cim-adv-z7thf3gd
  2. only, just, merely Tags: Sette-Comuni
    Sense id: en-kaum-cim-adv-Si1LELzB
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header, Sette Comuni Cimbrian Disambiguation of Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 Disambiguation of Sette Comuni Cimbrian: 0 0

Noun [Daga]

Head templates: {{head|dgz|noun}} kaum
  1. water
    Sense id: en-kaum-dgz-noun-D0FoSQ44 Categories (other): Daga entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries

Adverb [German]

IPA: /kaʊ̯m/, [kʰaʊ̯m] Audio: De-at-kaum.ogg , De-kaum.ogg
Rhymes: -aʊ̯m Etymology: From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with English comely and archaic Dutch kuim (“barely”). Etymology templates: {{inh|de|gmh|kūme}} Middle High German kūme, {{inh|de|goh|kūmo}} Old High German kūmo, {{der|de|gem-pro|*kūmaz}} Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, {{der|de|ine-pro|*gewH-|t=to call, cry}} Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”), {{cog|en|comely}} English comely, {{cog|nl|kuim||barely}} Dutch kuim (“barely”) Head templates: {{head|de|adverb||||am {{{2}}}|head=|sort=}} kaum, {{de-adv}} kaum
  1. barely, hardly (qualifying verbs or adjectives)
    Sense id: en-kaum-de-adv-i2ZkkFB5
  2. barely any, almost no (qualifying amounts)
    Sense id: en-kaum-de-adv-5g7HYR9P
  3. difficult, nearly impossible [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]
    Sense id: en-kaum-de-adv-h1zCzC~g
  4. as soon as, immediately after
    Sense id: en-kaum-de-adv-Nof1Un8a Categories (other): Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 10 entries: 0 0 3 10 5 29 2 2 2 7 13 2 9 2 5 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 0 2 14 3 33 1 1 1 3 15 1 11 1 3 12 Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 7 25 11 57

Noun [Indonesian]

IPA: /ˈkaum/ [Standard-Indonesian], [ˈka.ʊm] [Standard-Indonesian] Forms: kaum-kaum [plural], kaoem [alternative]
Rhymes: -aum Etymology: From Malay kaum, from Classical Malay kaum, from Arabic قَوْم (qawm). Etymology templates: {{inh|id|ms|kaum}} Malay kaum, {{inh|id|ms-cla|kaum}} Classical Malay kaum, {{der|id|ar|قَوْم}} Arabic قَوْم (qawm), {{root|id|ar|ق و م}} Head templates: {{id-noun}} kaum (plural kaum-kaum)
  1. people Synonyms: suku bangsa
    Sense id: en-kaum-id-noun-yQImgPiI
  2. family, relative Synonyms: sanak, saudara, kerabat, keluarga
    Sense id: en-kaum-id-noun-asPYjKf~
  3. group, class Synonyms: golongan
    Sense id: en-kaum-id-noun-85TZVbg7
  4. (archaic, Islam) mosque worker Tags: archaic Synonyms: lebai, modin
    Sense id: en-kaum-id-noun-7TjhRDe3 Categories (other): Islam Topics: Islam, lifestyle, religion
  5. (archaic) matrilineal descendant Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-kaum-id-noun-1uubmujo Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 3 3 3 10 81
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: berkaum, kauman, perkauman
Hyponyms: kaum belok, kaum bendoro, kaum dagang, kaum dahrian, kaum eksekutif, kaum ekstremis, kaum halai balai, kaum ibu, kaum kolot, kaum konfederasi, kaum mapan, kaum muda, kaum non, kaum pelangi, kaum rendahan, kaum revolusioner, kaum unionis, kaum urakan

Noun [Javanese]

Etymology: From Arabic قَوْم (qawm). Etymology templates: {{bor|jv|ar|قَوْم}} Arabic قَوْم (qawm) Head templates: {{head|jv|noun|||||||||||||||||||||||||head=|sc=|tr=-}} kaum, {{jv-noun|j=ꦏꦲꦸꦩ꧀}} kaum
  1. group of people
    Sense id: en-kaum-jv-noun-5q7Frhg4
  2. religious officials in charge of the mosque
    Sense id: en-kaum-jv-noun-cxNCKQlV Categories (other): Javanese entries with incorrect language header, Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:jv-noun Disambiguation of Javanese entries with incorrect language header: 8 91 Disambiguation of Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:jv-noun: 18 82

Adverb [Luxembourgish]

IPA: /kæːʊ̯m/
Rhymes: -æːʊm Etymology: From Old High German kūmo. Cognate with German kaum, Dutch kuim. Etymology templates: {{inh|lb|goh|kūmo}} Old High German kūmo, {{cog|de|kaum}} German kaum, {{cog|nl|kuim}} Dutch kuim Head templates: {{head|lb|adverb}} kaum
  1. hardly, barely

Noun [Malay]

Forms: قوم [Jawi], kaum-kaum [plural], kaum² [plural]
Rhymes: -um Etymology: From Arabic قَوْم (qawm). Etymology templates: {{bor|ms|ar|قَوْم}} Arabic قَوْم (qawm) Head templates: {{ms-noun|j=قوم}} kaum (Jawi spelling قوم, plural kaum-kaum or kaum²)
  1. people, community Synonyms: masyarakat, warga
    Sense id: en-kaum-ms-noun-gJ4d~Jv9 Categories (other): Society Disambiguation of Society: 13 43 43
  2. tribe, clan Synonyms: puak, suku
    Sense id: en-kaum-ms-noun-h8tXNKsw Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Society Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 5 43 52 Disambiguation of Society: 13 43 43
  3. group of people with common traits, such as an ethnic group or race Synonyms: etnik, ras, suku
    Sense id: en-kaum-ms-noun-Q7QAvpZR Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Society Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 5 43 52 Disambiguation of Society: 13 43 43

Adverb [Plautdietsch]

Head templates: {{head|pdt|adverb}} kaum
  1. barely
    Sense id: en-kaum-pdt-adv-zSiNCJ5a Categories (other): Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, Plautdietsch entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Veps]

Etymology: From Proto-Finnic *kalma. Etymology templates: {{inh|vep|urj-fin-pro|*kalma}} Proto-Finnic *kalma Head templates: {{head|vep|noun}} kaum Inflection templates: {{vep-decl-sana|kauma}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kaum [nominative, singular], kaumad [nominative, plural], kauman [accusative, singular], kaumad [accusative, plural], kauman [genitive, singular], kaumoiden [genitive, plural], kaumad [partitive, singular], kaumoid [partitive, plural], kauman [essive-instructive, singular], kaumoin [essive-instructive, plural], kaumaks [singular, translative], kaumoikš [plural, translative], kaumas [inessive, singular], kaumoiš [inessive, plural], kaumaspäi [elative, singular], kaumoišpäi [elative, plural], kaumaha [illative, singular], kaumoihe [illative, plural], kaumal [adessive, singular], kaumoil [adessive, plural], kaumalpäi [ablative, singular], kaumoilpäi [ablative, plural], kaumale [allative, singular], kaumoile [allative, plural], kaumata [abessive, singular], kaumoita [abessive, plural], kaumanke [comitative, singular], kaumoidenke [comitative, plural], kaumadme [prolative, singular], kaumoidme [plural, prolative], kaumanno [approximative, approximative-i, singular], kaumoidenno [approximative, approximative-i, plural], kaumannoks [approximative, approximative-ii, singular], kaumoidennoks [approximative, approximative-ii, plural], kaumannopäi [egressive, singular], kaumoidennopäi [egressive, plural], kaumahasai [singular, terminative, terminative-i], kaumoihesai [plural, terminative, terminative-i], kaumalesai [singular, terminative, terminative-ii], kaumoilesai [plural, terminative, terminative-ii], kaumassai [singular, terminative, terminative-iii], - [plural, terminative, terminative-iii], kaumahapäi [additive, additive-i, singular], kaumoihepäi [additive, additive-i, plural], kaumalepäi [additive, additive-ii, singular], kaumoilepäi [additive, additive-ii, plural]
  1. grave

Numeral [White Hmong]

IPA: /kau̯˩̰/
Etymology: From Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”). Cognate with Iu Mien ziepc. Etymology templates: {{inh|mww|hmx-pro|*gju̯ɛp||ten}} Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”), {{cog|ium|ziepc}} Iu Mien ziepc Head templates: {{head|mww|numeral}} kaum
  1. ten
    Sense id: en-kaum-mww-num-5EMrqpCB Categories (other): Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, White Hmong entries with incorrect language header

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Sette Comuni Cimbrian",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūme",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kūmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kūmaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-",
        "t": "to call, cry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "German kaum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "comely"
      },
      "expansion": "English comely",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with German kaum, also English comely.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "7"
      },
      "expansion": "(Sette Comuni)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Cimbrian",
  "lang_code": "cim",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "barely, hardly"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-cim-adv-z7thf3gd",
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Sette-Comuni"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He was just here this morning.",
          "text": "Ar is gabéest hia kaum hòite mòrgande.",
          "translation": "He was just here this morning.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "only, just, merely"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-cim-adv-Si1LELzB",
      "links": [
        [
          "only",
          "only"
        ],
        [
          "just",
          "just"
        ],
        [
          "merely",
          "merely"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Sette-Comuni"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dgz",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Daga",
  "lang_code": "dgz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Daga entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "water"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-dgz-noun-D0FoSQ44",
      "links": [
        [
          "water",
          "water"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūme",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kūmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kūmaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-",
        "t": "to call, cry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "comely"
      },
      "expansion": "English comely",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kuim",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barely"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kuim (“barely”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with English comely and archaic Dutch kuim (“barely”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I can barely read this.",
          "text": "Ich kann das kaum lesen.",
          "translation": "I can barely read this.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              20,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The handwriting is barely legible.",
          "text": "Die Handschrift ist kaum lesbar.",
          "translation": "The handwriting is barely legible.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely, hardly (qualifying verbs or adjectives)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-de-adv-i2ZkkFB5",
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We barely have any money left.",
          "text": "Wir haben kaum noch Geld.",
          "translation": "We barely have any money left.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely any, almost no (qualifying amounts)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-de-adv-5g7HYR9P",
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "any",
          "any"
        ],
        [
          "almost",
          "almost"
        ],
        [
          "no",
          "no"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That's difficult to believe.",
          "text": "Das ist kaum zu glauben.",
          "translation": "That's difficult to believe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "difficult, nearly impossible"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-de-adv-h1zCzC~g",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": ":zu(inf)<to do>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "zu",
              "(+",
              "infinitive)",
              "‘to",
              "do’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "impossible",
          "impossible"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "difficult, nearly impossible [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 3 10 5 29 2 2 2 7 13 2 9 2 5 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 2 14 3 33 1 1 1 3 15 1 11 1 3 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 25 11 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "As soon as I finish dealing with one thing, I'll get stuck with the next problem.",
          "text": "Kaum bin ich mit einer Sache fertig, da habe schon ich das nächste Problem am Hals.",
          "translation": "As soon as I finish dealing with one thing, I'll get stuck with the next problem.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as soon as, immediately after"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-de-adv-Nof1Un8a",
      "links": [
        [
          "as soon as",
          "as soon as"
        ],
        [
          "immediately",
          "immediately"
        ],
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaʊ̯m/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰaʊ̯m]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aʊ̯m"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-at-kaum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/De-at-kaum.ogg/De-at-kaum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/De-at-kaum.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-kaum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/De-kaum.ogg/De-kaum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/De-kaum.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "berkaum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kauman"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "perkauman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay kaum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms-cla",
        "3": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Malay kaum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ق و م"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay kaum, from Classical Malay kaum, from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaum-kaum",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaoem",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kaum (plural kaum-kaum)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaum"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kaum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum belok"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum bendoro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum dagang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum dahrian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum eksekutif"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum ekstremis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum halai balai"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum ibu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum kolot"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum konfederasi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum mapan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum muda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum non"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum pelangi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum rendahan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum revolusioner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum unionis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kaum urakan"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "people"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-id-noun-yQImgPiI",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "suku bangsa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "family, relative"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-id-noun-asPYjKf~",
      "links": [
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sanak"
        },
        {
          "word": "saudara"
        },
        {
          "word": "kerabat"
        },
        {
          "word": "keluarga"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group, class"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-id-noun-85TZVbg7",
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "golongan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "id",
          "name": "Islam",
          "orig": "id:Islam",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mosque worker"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-id-noun-7TjhRDe3",
      "links": [
        [
          "mosque",
          "mosque"
        ],
        [
          "worker",
          "worker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, Islam) mosque worker"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lebai"
        },
        {
          "word": "modin"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Islam",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 10 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "matrilineal descendant"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-id-noun-1uubmujo",
      "links": [
        [
          "matrilineal",
          "matrilineal"
        ],
        [
          "descendant",
          "descendant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) matrilineal descendant"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkaum/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈka.ʊm]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aum"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "sc": "",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "ꦏꦲꦸꦩ꧀"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "jv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Javanese",
  "lang_code": "jv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group of people"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-jv-noun-5q7Frhg4",
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:jv-noun",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "religious officials in charge of the mosque"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-jv-noun-cxNCKQlV",
      "links": [
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "officials",
          "officials"
        ],
        [
          "mosque",
          "mosque"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "German kaum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kuim"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kuim",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old High German kūmo. Cognate with German kaum, Dutch kuim.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
  "lang_code": "lb",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hardly, barely"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-lb-adv-vdlUPj~p",
      "links": [
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ],
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kæːʊ̯m/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æːʊm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "قوم",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum-kaum",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum²",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "قوم"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum (Jawi spelling قوم, plural kaum-kaum or kaum²)",
      "name": "ms-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 43 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ms",
          "name": "Society",
          "orig": "ms:Society",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "people, community"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-ms-noun-gJ4d~Jv9",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "masyarakat"
        },
        {
          "word": "warga"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 43 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 43 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ms",
          "name": "Society",
          "orig": "ms:Society",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tribe, clan"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-ms-noun-h8tXNKsw",
      "links": [
        [
          "tribe",
          "tribe"
        ],
        [
          "clan",
          "clan"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "puak"
        },
        {
          "word": "suku"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 43 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 43 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ms",
          "name": "Society",
          "orig": "ms:Society",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "group of people with common traits, such as an ethnic group or race"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-ms-noun-Q7QAvpZR",
      "links": [
        [
          "ethnic group",
          "ethnic group"
        ],
        [
          "race",
          "race"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "etnik"
        },
        {
          "word": "ras"
        },
        {
          "word": "suku"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-um"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdt",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Plautdietsch",
  "lang_code": "pdt",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Plautdietsch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-pdt-adv-zSiNCJ5a",
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vep",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*kalma"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vep-decl-sana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoiden",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoikš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoiš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaspäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoišpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumanke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidenke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumadme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumanno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-i",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidenno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-i",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumannoks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-ii",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidennoks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-ii",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumannopäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidennopäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumahasai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumassai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-iii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-iii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumahapäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-i",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-i",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-ii",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-ii",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vep",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kauma"
      },
      "name": "vep-decl-sana"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Veps",
  "lang_code": "vep",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Veps entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Veps sana-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grave"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-vep-noun-6-~hhBcf",
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "hmx-pro",
        "3": "*gju̯ɛp",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ten"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ium",
        "2": "ziepc"
      },
      "expansion": "Iu Mien ziepc",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”). Cognate with Iu Mien ziepc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "numeral"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "White Hmong",
  "lang_code": "mww",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ten"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaum-mww-num-5EMrqpCB",
      "links": [
        [
          "ten",
          "ten"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯˩̰/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Cimbrian adverbs",
    "Cimbrian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Cimbrian lemmas",
    "Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German",
    "Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German",
    "Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Cimbrian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gewH-",
    "Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sette Comuni Cimbrian"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūme",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kūmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kūmaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-",
        "t": "to call, cry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "German kaum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "comely"
      },
      "expansion": "English comely",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with German kaum, also English comely.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cim",
        "2": "7"
      },
      "expansion": "(Sette Comuni)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Cimbrian",
  "lang_code": "cim",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "barely, hardly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Sette-Comuni"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cimbrian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He was just here this morning.",
          "text": "Ar is gabéest hia kaum hòite mòrgande.",
          "translation": "He was just here this morning.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "only, just, merely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "only",
          "only"
        ],
        [
          "just",
          "just"
        ],
        [
          "merely",
          "merely"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Sette-Comuni"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dgz",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Daga",
  "lang_code": "dgz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Daga entries with incorrect language header",
        "Daga lemmas",
        "Daga nouns",
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "water"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "water",
          "water"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German adverbs",
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German lemmas",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/aʊ̯m",
    "Rhymes:German/aʊ̯m/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "kūme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German kūme",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kūmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kūmaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-",
        "t": "to call, cry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "comely"
      },
      "expansion": "English comely",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kuim",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barely"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kuim (“barely”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with English comely and archaic Dutch kuim (“barely”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I can barely read this.",
          "text": "Ich kann das kaum lesen.",
          "translation": "I can barely read this.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              20,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The handwriting is barely legible.",
          "text": "Die Handschrift ist kaum lesbar.",
          "translation": "The handwriting is barely legible.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely, hardly (qualifying verbs or adjectives)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We barely have any money left.",
          "text": "Wir haben kaum noch Geld.",
          "translation": "We barely have any money left.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely any, almost no (qualifying amounts)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ],
        [
          "any",
          "any"
        ],
        [
          "almost",
          "almost"
        ],
        [
          "no",
          "no"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That's difficult to believe.",
          "text": "Das ist kaum zu glauben.",
          "translation": "That's difficult to believe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "difficult, nearly impossible"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": ":zu(inf)<to do>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "zu",
              "(+",
              "infinitive)",
              "‘to",
              "do’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "impossible",
          "impossible"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "difficult, nearly impossible [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘to do’]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "As soon as I finish dealing with one thing, I'll get stuck with the next problem.",
          "text": "Kaum bin ich mit einer Sache fertig, da habe schon ich das nächste Problem am Hals.",
          "translation": "As soon as I finish dealing with one thing, I'll get stuck with the next problem.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as soon as, immediately after"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "as soon as",
          "as soon as"
        ],
        [
          "immediately",
          "immediately"
        ],
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kaʊ̯m/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰaʊ̯m]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aʊ̯m"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-at-kaum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/De-at-kaum.ogg/De-at-kaum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/De-at-kaum.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-kaum.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/De-kaum.ogg/De-kaum.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/De-kaum.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian 2-syllable words",
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian nouns",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Arabic",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from the Arabic root ق و م",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/aum",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/aum/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "berkaum"
    },
    {
      "word": "kauman"
    },
    {
      "word": "perkauman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay kaum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms-cla",
        "3": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Malay kaum",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ق و م"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay kaum, from Classical Malay kaum, from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaum-kaum",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaoem",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kaum (plural kaum-kaum)",
      "name": "id-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "kaum"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "kaum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "word": "kaum belok"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum bendoro"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum dagang"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum dahrian"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum eksekutif"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum ekstremis"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum halai balai"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum ibu"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum kolot"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum konfederasi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum mapan"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum muda"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum non"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum pelangi"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum rendahan"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum revolusioner"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum unionis"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaum urakan"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "people"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "suku bangsa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "family, relative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sanak"
        },
        {
          "word": "saudara"
        },
        {
          "word": "kerabat"
        },
        {
          "word": "keluarga"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group, class"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "golongan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with archaic senses",
        "id:Islam"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mosque worker"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mosque",
          "mosque"
        ],
        [
          "worker",
          "worker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, Islam) mosque worker"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lebai"
        },
        {
          "word": "modin"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Islam",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "matrilineal descendant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "matrilineal",
          "matrilineal"
        ],
        [
          "descendant",
          "descendant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) matrilineal descendant"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkaum/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈka.ʊm]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aum"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Javanese lemmas",
    "Javanese nouns",
    "Javanese terms borrowed from Arabic",
    "Javanese terms derived from Arabic",
    "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:jv-noun",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "sc": "",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "ꦏꦲꦸꦩ꧀"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "jv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Javanese",
  "lang_code": "jv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group of people"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "religious officials in charge of the mosque"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "officials",
          "officials"
        ],
        [
          "mosque",
          "mosque"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "kūmo"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kūmo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kaum"
      },
      "expansion": "German kaum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "kuim"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch kuim",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old High German kūmo. Cognate with German kaum, Dutch kuim.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
  "lang_code": "lb",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Luxembourgish adverbs",
        "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Luxembourgish lemmas",
        "Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German",
        "Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German",
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Luxembourgish/æːʊm",
        "Rhymes:Luxembourgish/æːʊm/1 syllable"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hardly, barely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hardly",
          "hardly"
        ],
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kæːʊ̯m/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æːʊm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
    "Malay lemmas",
    "Malay nouns",
    "Malay terms borrowed from Arabic",
    "Malay terms derived from Arabic",
    "Pages with 10 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Malay/um",
    "Rhymes:Malay/um/2 syllables",
    "ms:Society"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "قَوْم"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic قَوْم (qawm)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "قوم",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum-kaum",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum²",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "j": "قوم"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum (Jawi spelling قوم, plural kaum-kaum or kaum²)",
      "name": "ms-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "people, community"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "masyarakat"
        },
        {
          "word": "warga"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tribe, clan"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tribe",
          "tribe"
        ],
        [
          "clan",
          "clan"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "puak"
        },
        {
          "word": "suku"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "group of people with common traits, such as an ethnic group or race"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ethnic group",
          "ethnic group"
        ],
        [
          "race",
          "race"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "etnik"
        },
        {
          "word": "ras"
        },
        {
          "word": "suku"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-um"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pdt",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Plautdietsch",
  "lang_code": "pdt",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Plautdietsch adverbs",
        "Plautdietsch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Plautdietsch lemmas"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barely"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barely",
          "barely"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vep",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro",
        "3": "*kalma"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vep-decl-sana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoiden",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kauman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoikš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoiš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaspäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoišpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumaha",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilpäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumanke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidenke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumadme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumanno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-i",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidenno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-i",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumannoks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-ii",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidennoks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "approximative",
        "approximative-ii",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumannopäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoidennopäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "egressive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumahasai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilesai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumassai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-iii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative",
        "terminative-iii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumahapäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-i",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoihepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-i",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumalepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-ii",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaumoilepäi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "additive",
        "additive-ii",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vep",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kauma"
      },
      "name": "vep-decl-sana"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Veps",
  "lang_code": "vep",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Veps entries with incorrect language header",
        "Veps lemmas",
        "Veps nouns",
        "Veps sana-type nominals",
        "Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
        "Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grave"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grave",
          "grave"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "hmx-pro",
        "3": "*gju̯ɛp",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ten"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ium",
        "2": "ziepc"
      },
      "expansion": "Iu Mien ziepc",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Hmong-Mien *gju̯ɛp (“ten”). Cognate with Iu Mien ziepc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mww",
        "2": "numeral"
      },
      "expansion": "kaum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "White Hmong",
  "lang_code": "mww",
  "pos": "num",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
        "White Hmong lemmas",
        "White Hmong numerals",
        "White Hmong terms derived from Proto-Hmong-Mien",
        "White Hmong terms inherited from Proto-Hmong-Mien",
        "White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ten"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ten",
          "ten"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯˩̰/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kaum meaning in All languages combined (19.8kB)

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    "#invoke",
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  "subsection": "noun",
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  "trace": ""
}

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  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.