"epoch" meaning in All languages combined

See epoch on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈiːpɒk/ [UK], /ˈɛpək/ [UK], /ˈɛp.ək/ [US], /ˈɛpˌɑk/ [US], /ˈiˌpɑk/ [US], /ˈeɪˌpɑk/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch.wav [Southern-England], LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav [Southern-England], en-us-epoch.ogg [US] Forms: epochs [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛpək, -eɪpɑk Etymology: From Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ML.|epocha}} Medieval Latin epocha, {{der|en|grc|ἐποχή||a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch}} Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), {{m|grc|ἐπέχω||I hold in, check}} ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), {{m|grc|ἐπι-||upon}} ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”), {{m|grc|ἔχω||I have, hold}} ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”), {{root|en|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-}} Head templates: {{en-noun|s}} epoch (plural epochs)
  1. A particular period of history, or of a person's life, especially one considered noteworthy or remarkable. Categories (topical): Time Synonyms: age, era (english: only in general usage) Translations (particular period of history): epokë [feminine] (Albanian), عَصْر (ʕaṣr) [masculine] (Arabic), عُصُور (ʕuṣūr) [masculine, plural] (Arabic), زَمَان (zamān) [masculine] (Arabic), դարաշրջան (darašrǰan) (Armenian), դար (dar) (Armenian), ժամանակաշրջան (žamanakašrǰan) (Armenian), dövr (Azerbaijani), epoxa (Azerbaijani), əsr (Azerbaijani), дәүер (dəwer) (Bashkir), заман (zaman) (Bashkir), эпо́ха (epóxa) [feminine] (Belarusian), কাল (kal) (Bengali), যুগ (jug) (Bengali), জমানা (jomana) (Bengali), епо́ха (epóha) [feminine] (Bulgarian), ယုဂ် (yug) (Burmese), època [feminine] (Catalan), 時代 (Chinese Mandarin), 时代 (shídài) (Chinese Mandarin), (Chinese Mandarin), (huì) (english: Taoist) (Chinese Mandarin), epocha [feminine] (Czech), epoke [common-gender] (Danish), tijdperk [neuter] (Dutch), epoko (Esperanto), epohh (Estonian), ajajärk (Estonian), epoka (Farefare), aikakausi (Finnish), ajanjakso (Finnish), epookki (Finnish), époque [feminine] (French), ère [feminine] (French), période [feminine] (French), epuche [feminine] (Friulian), ete [feminine] (Friulian), época [feminine] (Galician), ეპოქა (eṗoka) (Georgian), Epoche [feminine] (German), Ära [feminine] (German), εποχή (epochí) [feminine] (Greek), תְּקוּפָה (tkufá) [feminine] (Hebrew), युग (yug) [masculine] (Hindi), काल (kāl) [masculine] (Hindi), ज़माना (zamānā) [masculine] (Hindi), kor (Hungarian), korszak (Hungarian), tímabil [neuter] (Icelandic), kala (Indonesian), kurun (Indonesian), epoca [feminine] (Italian), 時代 (jidai) (alt: じだい) (Japanese), дәуір (däuır) (Kazakh), заман (zaman) (Kazakh), យុគ (yuk) (Khmer), កាល (kaal) (Khmer), 시대 (sidae) (alt: 時代) (Korean), доор (door) (Kyrgyz), заман (zaman) (Kyrgyz), эпоха (epoha) (Kyrgyz), ຍຸກ (nyuk) (Lao), epocha [feminine] (Latin), laikmets [masculine] (Latvian), epocha [feminine] (Lithuanian), епо́ха (epóha) [feminine] (Macedonian), zaman (Malay), masa (Malay), epok (Malay), dewr (Northern Kurdish), zeman (Northern Kurdish), epoke [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), epoke [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), ieldu [feminine] (Old English), عصر (asᶕr) [masculine] (Pashto), دور (dawr) [masculine] (Pashto), زمانه (zamāná, zəmāná) [feminine] (Pashto), دوره (dawrá) [feminine] (Pashto), دوره (davre) (Persian), زمان (zamân) (Persian), دوران (dowrân) (Persian), epoka [feminine] (Polish), época [feminine] (Portuguese), era [feminine] (Portuguese), epocă [feminine] (Romanian), eră [feminine] (Romanian), эпо́ха (epóxa) [feminine] (Russian), пери́од (períod) [masculine] (Russian), э́ра (éra) [feminine] (Russian), епо́ха [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), epóha [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), èbbica [feminine] (Sicilian), epocha [feminine] (Slovak), epoha [feminine] (Slovene), época [feminine] (Spanish), epok [common-gender] (Swedish), daktion (Tagalog), давра (davra) (Tajik), замон (zamon) (Tajik), аср (asr) (Tajik), давр (davr) (Tajik), замона (zamona) (Tajik), даврон (davron) (Tajik), дәвер (däwer) (Tatar), заман (zaman) (Tatar), ยุค (yúk) (Thai), กาล (gaan) (Thai), devir (Turkish), çağ (Turkish), zaman (Turkish), asır (Turkish), döwür (Turkmen), zaman (Turkmen), епо́ха (epóxa) [feminine] (Ukrainian), دور (daur) [masculine] (Urdu), زمانہ (zamānā) [masculine] (Urdu), عصر ('asar) [masculine] (Urdu), دەۋر (dewr) (Uyghur), davr (Uzbek), epoxa (Uzbek), asr (Uzbek), thời đại (alt: 時代) (Vietnamese), עפּאָכע (epokhe) [feminine] (Yiddish), çağ (diq) [neuter] (Zazaki), dewr (diq) [masculine] (Zazaki), zeman (diq) [masculine] (Zazaki)
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-noun-vTjodcxP Disambiguation of Time: 23 7 35 5 0 30 Disambiguation of 'particular period of history': 75 6 8 7 4
  2. A notable event which marks the beginning of such a period. Translations (notable event): käännekohta (Finnish), epookki (Finnish), singularité [feminine] (French), évènement [masculine] (French), avvenimento [masculine] (Italian), singolarità [feminine] (Italian), eveniment [neuter] (Romanian)
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-noun-jUG2CLxl Disambiguation of 'notable event': 21 76 1 1 1
  3. (chronology, astronomy, computing) A specific instant in time, chosen as the point of reference or zero value of a system that involves identifying instants of time. Categories (topical): Astronomy, Computing, Time Translations (time reference point): epookki (Finnish), orario epocale (Italian), epoca (Italian), época [feminine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-noun-yDlO6H2L Disambiguation of Time: 23 7 35 5 0 30 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 2 25 11 28 31 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 4 2 34 12 26 23 Topics: astronomy, chronology, computing, engineering, hobbies, horology, lifestyle, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences Disambiguation of 'time reference point': 9 2 66 8 15
  4. (geology) A geochronologic unit of hundreds of thousands to millions of years; a subdivision of a period, and subdivided into ages (or sometimes subepochs). Categories (topical): Geology Translations (geochronologic unit): (shì) (Chinese Mandarin), epookki (Finnish), Epoche [feminine] (German), kala (Indonesian), epok [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-noun-en:geology Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 2 25 11 28 31 Topics: geography, geology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'geochronologic unit': 1 1 9 75 14
  5. (machine learning) One complete presentation of the training data set to an iterative machine learning algorithm. Categories (topical): Artificial intelligence Synonyms: generation
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-noun-Q00MF2i0 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 2 25 11 28 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: epocha [17th–19th c.] Derived forms: Amazonian epoch, epoch-making, Genesee epoch, habitable epoch, Hesperian epoch, Noachian epoch, Planck epoch Related terms: epochal, epoche, epoché, epochless

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈiːpɒk/ [UK], /ˈɛpək/ [UK], /ˈɛp.ək/ [US], /ˈɛpˌɑk/ [US], /ˈiˌpɑk/ [US], /ˈeɪˌpɑk/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch.wav [Southern-England], LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav [Southern-England], en-us-epoch.ogg [US] Forms: epochs [present, singular, third-person], epoching [participle, present], epoched [participle, past], epoched [past]
Rhymes: -ɛpək, -eɪpɑk Etymology: From Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ML.|epocha}} Medieval Latin epocha, {{der|en|grc|ἐποχή||a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch}} Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), {{m|grc|ἐπέχω||I hold in, check}} ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), {{m|grc|ἐπι-||upon}} ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”), {{m|grc|ἔχω||I have, hold}} ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”), {{root|en|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-}} Head templates: {{en-verb|epochs|+|+}} epoch (third-person singular simple present epochs, present participle epoching, simple past and past participle epoched)
  1. (sciences, transitive) To divide (data) into segments by time period. Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Sciences, Time
    Sense id: en-epoch-en-verb-dY8gKVV9 Disambiguation of Time: 23 7 35 5 0 30 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 2 25 11 28 31 Topics: sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: epocha [17th–19th c.]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for epoch meaning in All languages combined (35.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Amazonian epoch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epoch-making"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Genesee epoch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "habitable epoch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Hesperian epoch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Noachian epoch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Planck epoch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "epocha"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin epocha",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἐποχή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπέχω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I hold in, check"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπι-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "upon"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔχω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I have, hold"
      },
      "expansion": "ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "epochs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "epoch (plural epochs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epochal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epoche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epoché"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epochless"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 7 35 5 0 30",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Time",
          "orig": "en:Time",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1924, F. Hopman, transl., The Waning of the Middle Ages, translation of Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen by Johan Huizinga",
          "text": "And it occasionally happens that a period in which one had, hitherto, been mainly looking for the coming to birth of new things, suddenly reveals itself as an epoch of fading and decay.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particular period of history, or of a person's life, especially one considered noteworthy or remarkable."
      ],
      "id": "en-epoch-en-noun-vTjodcxP",
      "links": [
        [
          "period",
          "period"
        ],
        [
          "history",
          "history"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ],
        [
          "noteworthy",
          "noteworthy"
        ],
        [
          "remarkable",
          "remarkable"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "age"
        },
        {
          "english": "only in general usage",
          "word": "era"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epokë"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕaṣr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عَصْر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕuṣūr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "عُصُور"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "zamān",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "زَمَان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "darašrǰan",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "դարաշրջան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "dar",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "դար"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "žamanakašrǰan",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ժամանակաշրջան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "dövr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epoxa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "əsr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "dəwer",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "дәүер"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "zaman",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "заман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "epóxa",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "эпо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "kal",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "কাল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jug",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "যুগ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jomana",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "জমানা"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "epóha",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "епо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "yug",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ယုဂ်"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "època"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "時代"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shídài",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "时代"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "會"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "english": "Taoist",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "huì",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "会"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epocha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "epoke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "tijdperk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epoko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epohh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ajajärk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "gur",
          "lang": "Farefare",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epoka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "aikakausi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ajanjakso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epookki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "époque"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ère"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "période"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epuche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "época"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "eṗoka",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ეპოქა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Epoche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ära"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "epochí",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "εποχή"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "tkufá",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "תְּקוּפָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "yug",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "युग"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "kāl",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "काल"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "zamānā",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ज़माना"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "kor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "korszak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "tímabil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "kala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "kurun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epoca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "alt": "じだい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jidai",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "時代"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "däuır",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "дәуір"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "zaman",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "заман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "yuk",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "យុគ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "kaal",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "កាល"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "alt": "時代",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "sidae",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "시대"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "dewr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "zeman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "door",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "доор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "zaman",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "заман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "epoha",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "эпоха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "nyuk",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ຍຸກ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epocha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "laikmets"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epocha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "epóha",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "епо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "zaman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "masa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "epoke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "epoke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ieldu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "asᶕr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عصر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "dawr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "دور"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "zamāná, zəmāná",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "زمانه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "dawrá",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "دوره"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "davre",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "دوره"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "zamân",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "زمان"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "dowrân",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "دوران"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epoka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "época"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "era"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epocă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "eră"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "epóxa",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "эпо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "períod",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "пери́од"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "éra",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "э́ра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "епо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epóha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "èbbica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epocha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "epoha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "época"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "epok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "daktion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "davra",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "давра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "zamon",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "замон"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "asr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "аср"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "davr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "давр"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "zamona",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "замона"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "davron",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "даврон"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "däwer",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "дәвер"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "zaman",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "заман"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "yúk",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "ยุค"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "gaan",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "กาล"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "devir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "çağ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "zaman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "asır"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "döwür"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "zaman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "epóxa",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "епо́ха"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "daur",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "دور"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "zamānā",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "زمانہ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "'asar",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عصر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "dewr",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "دەۋر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "davr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "epoxa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "asr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "alt": "時代",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "word": "thời đại"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "epokhe",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "עפּאָכע"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "zza",
          "lang": "Zazaki",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "çağ (diq)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "zza",
          "lang": "Zazaki",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "dewr (diq)"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 6 8 7 4",
          "code": "zza",
          "lang": "Zazaki",
          "sense": "particular period of history",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zeman (diq)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A notable event which marks the beginning of such a period."
      ],
      "id": "en-epoch-en-noun-jUG2CLxl",
      "links": [
        [
          "notable",
          "notable"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ],
        [
          "beginning",
          "beginning#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "21 76 1 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "notable event",
          "word": "käännekohta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 76 1 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "notable event",
          "word": "epookki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 76 1 1 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "notable event",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "singularité"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 76 1 1 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "notable event",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "évènement"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "21 76 1 1 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "notable event",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "avvenimento"
        },
        {
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπι-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "upon"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔχω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I have, hold"
      },
      "expansion": "ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "epochs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "epoch (plural epochs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "epochal"
    },
    {
      "word": "epoche"
    },
    {
      "word": "epoché"
    },
    {
      "word": "epochless"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1924, F. Hopman, transl., The Waning of the Middle Ages, translation of Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen by Johan Huizinga",
          "text": "And it occasionally happens that a period in which one had, hitherto, been mainly looking for the coming to birth of new things, suddenly reveals itself as an epoch of fading and decay.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particular period of history, or of a person's life, especially one considered noteworthy or remarkable."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "period",
          "period"
        ],
        [
          "history",
          "history"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ],
        [
          "noteworthy",
          "noteworthy"
        ],
        [
          "remarkable",
          "remarkable"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "age"
        },
        {
          "english": "only in general usage",
          "word": "era"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A notable event which marks the beginning of such a period."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "notable",
          "notable"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ],
        [
          "beginning",
          "beginning#Noun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Astronomy",
        "en:Computing"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: (cartography, engineering) datum"
        },
        {
          "text": "UNIX epoch; J2000 epoch",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000, Carl D. Murray, Stanley F. Dermott, Solar System Dynamics, Cambridge University Press",
          "text": "Appendix A gives formulae for the calculation of the orbital elements of the planets at any time referred to the mean ecliptic and equinox of the epoch of noon on 1st January 2000; this is called the J2000 epoch.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Preston Miller, Chapin Bryce, Learning Python for Forensics, Packt Publishing Ltd, page 281",
          "text": "There are two major epoch times associated with most timestamps: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 and 1601-01-01 00:00:00. The first, starting in 1970, is traditionally referred to as POSIX time as it is a common timestamp in UNIX and UNIX-like systems.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Tomasz Lelek, Jon Skeet, Software Mistakes and Tradeoffs: How to Make Good Programming Decisions, Simon and Schuster, page 155",
          "text": "The .NET epoch is midnight at the start of January 1st, AD 1, although that's AD 1 in a proleptic Gregorian calendar, which refers to even more complexity we haven't talked about yet.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A specific instant in time, chosen as the point of reference or zero value of a system that involves identifying instants of time."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astronomy",
          "astronomy"
        ],
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "instant",
          "instant"
        ],
        [
          "point of reference",
          "point of reference"
        ],
        [
          "zero",
          "zero"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chronology, astronomy, computing) A specific instant in time, chosen as the point of reference or zero value of a system that involves identifying instants of time."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "astronomy",
        "chronology",
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "hobbies",
        "horology",
        "lifestyle",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Geology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1881, Alfred Russel Wallace, chapter VIII, in Island Life",
          "text": "Now during the time of the glacial epoch the greatest distance of the sun in winter was 98¼ millions of miles, whereas it is now, in winter, only 91½ millions of miles, the mean distance being taken as 93 million miles.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012 January, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-26, page 70",
          "text": "Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A geochronologic unit of hundreds of thousands to millions of years; a subdivision of a period, and subdivided into ages (or sometimes subepochs)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "geochronologic",
          "geochronologic"
        ],
        [
          "unit",
          "unit"
        ],
        [
          "hundred",
          "hundred"
        ],
        [
          "thousand",
          "thousand"
        ],
        [
          "million",
          "million"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ],
        [
          "subdivision",
          "subdivision"
        ],
        [
          "period",
          "period"
        ],
        [
          "subdivided",
          "subdivided"
        ],
        [
          "age",
          "age"
        ],
        [
          "subepoch",
          "subepoch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A geochronologic unit of hundreds of thousands to millions of years; a subdivision of a period, and subdivided into ages (or sometimes subepochs)."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:geology"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Artificial intelligence"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The neural network was trained over 500 epochs.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2021, Joe Papa, PyTorch Pocket Reference, O'Reilly Media",
          "text": "For now, let's test and evaluate our GAN by comparing the results from the first epoch with the generated images from the last epoch.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One complete presentation of the training data set to an iterative machine learning algorithm."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "machine learning",
          "machine learning"
        ],
        [
          "presentation",
          "presentation"
        ],
        [
          "training",
          "training#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "data",
          "data"
        ],
        [
          "iterative",
          "iterative"
        ],
        [
          "algorithm",
          "algorithm"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "machine learning",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(machine learning) One complete presentation of the training data set to an iterative machine learning algorithm."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "generation"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiːpɒk/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛpək/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛp.ək/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛpˌɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiˌpɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɪˌpɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛpək"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪpɑk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-epoch.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-epoch.ogg/En-us-epoch.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-epoch.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "epocha [17th–19th c.]"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epokë"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕaṣr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عَصْر"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕuṣūr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "عُصُور"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "zamān",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "زَمَان"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "darašrǰan",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "դարաշրջան"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "dar",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "դար"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "žamanakašrǰan",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ժամանակաշրջան"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "dövr"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epoxa"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "əsr"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "dəwer",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "дәүер"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "zaman",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "заман"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "epóxa",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "эпо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "kal",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "কাল"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jug",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "যুগ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jomana",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "জমানা"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "epóha",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "епо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "yug",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ယုဂ်"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "època"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "時代"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shídài",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "时代"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "會"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "Taoist",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huì",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "会"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epocha"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "epoke"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "tijdperk"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epoko"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epohh"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ajajärk"
    },
    {
      "code": "gur",
      "lang": "Farefare",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epoka"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "aikakausi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ajanjakso"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epookki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "époque"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ère"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "période"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epuche"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ete"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "época"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "eṗoka",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ეპოქა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Epoche"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ära"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "epochí",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "εποχή"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "tkufá",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "תְּקוּפָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "yug",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "युग"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "kāl",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "काल"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "zamānā",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ज़माना"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "kor"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "korszak"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "tímabil"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "kala"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "kurun"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epoca"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じだい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jidai",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "時代"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "däuır",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "дәуір"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "zaman",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "заман"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "yuk",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "យុគ"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "kaal",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "កាល"
    },
    {
      "alt": "時代",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "sidae",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "시대"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "dewr"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "zeman"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "door",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "доор"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "zaman",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "заман"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "epoha",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "эпоха"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "nyuk",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ຍຸກ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epocha"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "laikmets"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epocha"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "epóha",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "епо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "zaman"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "masa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epok"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "epoke"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "epoke"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ieldu"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "asᶕr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عصر"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "dawr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "دور"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "zamāná, zəmāná",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "زمانه"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "dawrá",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "دوره"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "davre",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "دوره"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "zamân",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "زمان"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "dowrân",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "دوران"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epoka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "época"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "era"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epocă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "eră"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "epóxa",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "эпо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "períod",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "пери́од"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "éra",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "э́ра"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "епо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epóha"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "èbbica"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epocha"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "epoha"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "época"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "epok"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "daktion"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "davra",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "давра"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "zamon",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "замон"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "asr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "аср"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "davr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "давр"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "zamona",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "замона"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "davron",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "даврон"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "däwer",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "дәвер"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "zaman",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "заман"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "yúk",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "ยุค"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "gaan",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "กาล"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "devir"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "çağ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "zaman"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "asır"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "döwür"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "zaman"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "epóxa",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "епо́ха"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "daur",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "دور"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "zamānā",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "زمانہ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "'asar",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عصر"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "dewr",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "دەۋر"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "davr"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "epoxa"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "asr"
    },
    {
      "alt": "時代",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "word": "thời đại"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "epokhe",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "עפּאָכע"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "çağ (diq)"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dewr (diq)"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "particular period of history",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zeman (diq)"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "word": "käännekohta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "word": "epookki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "singularité"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "évènement"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "avvenimento"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "singolarità"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "notable event",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "eveniment"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "time reference point",
      "word": "epookki"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "time reference point",
      "word": "orario epocale"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "time reference point",
      "word": "epoca"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "time reference point",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "época"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shì",
      "sense": "geochronologic unit",
      "word": "世"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "geochronologic unit",
      "word": "epookki"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "geochronologic unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Epoche"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "geochronologic unit",
      "word": "kala"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "geochronologic unit",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "epok"
    }
  ],
  "word": "epoch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Requests for review of Spanish translations",
    "Requests for review of Swedish translations",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪpɑk",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪpɑk/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛpək",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛpək/2 syllables",
    "en:Time"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "epocha"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin epocha",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἐποχή",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπέχω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I hold in, check"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἐπι-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "upon"
      },
      "expansion": "ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔχω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I have, hold"
      },
      "expansion": "ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin epocha, from Ancient Greek ἐποχή (epokhḗ, “a check, cessation, stop, pause, epoch of a star, i.e., the point at which it seems to halt after reaching the highest, and generally the place of a star; hence, a historical epoch”), from ἐπέχω (epékhō, “I hold in, check”), from ἐπι- (epi-, “upon”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "epochs",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "epoching",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "epoched",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "epoched",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "epochs",
        "2": "+",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "epoch (third-person singular simple present epochs, present participle epoching, simple past and past participle epoched)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Sciences"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2015 July 6, “Stronger Neural Modulation by Visual Motion Intensity in Autism Spectrum Disorders”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI",
          "text": "The continuous data were epoched into segments of 1500 ms (starting 500 ms before visual stimulus onset), time-locked to stimulus onset (0 ms) and sorted according to experimental conditions.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To divide (data) into segments by time period."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sciences",
          "sciences"
        ],
        [
          "divide",
          "divide"
        ],
        [
          "segment",
          "segment"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ],
        [
          "period",
          "period"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(sciences, transitive) To divide (data) into segments by time period."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiːpɒk/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛpək/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛp.ək/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛpˌɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈiˌpɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɪˌpɑk/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛpək"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪpɑk"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-epoch2.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-epoch.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-epoch.ogg/En-us-epoch.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-epoch.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "epocha [17th–19th c.]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "epoch"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.