See dross on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drosser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drossless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drossy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "human dross"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Windross"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English drosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōs"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhs",
"t": "dregs, sediment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōsna"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōsna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhsnǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dragjō",
"3": "*-snō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*dragjō + *-snō",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“yeast, sediment”; compare <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*dragjō</i> (“yeast”)"
},
"expansion": "(“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*drēcg",
"3": "-sn",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*drēcg + -sn",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrā́ks",
"t": "sediment, yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dros"
},
"expansion": "Scots dros",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "droes",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "droesem",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Dutch droesem (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drusen",
"t": "lees, dregs"
},
"expansion": "German Drusen (“lees, dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fracēs",
"t": "grounds or dregs of oil"
},
"expansion": "Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drosse, dros, from Old English drōs, from Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”).\nAlso compare Old English drōsna, drōsne (“a ground, sediment, lees, dregs, dirt, ear wax”), from Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ, *drōhsnō (“dregs, sediment”), derived from *drōhs. Alternatively, this may be from *dragjō + *-snō (“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”)), as if from *drēcg + -sn.\nUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”).\nCognate with Scots dros, drose, drosse (“small particles, fragments, dross”), Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”), Dutch droesem (“dregs”), German Drusen (“lees, dregs”), Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”). Related also to drast, dregs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "dross (usually uncountable, plural drosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 24 5 3 28 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "en:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 20 5 2 22 27 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "en:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Waste or impure matter."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-5GEBuaUv",
"links": [
[
"Waste",
"waste"
],
[
"impure",
"impure"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpadǎci",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отпадъци"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odpad"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škvár"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brak"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šmejd"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Müll"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schrott"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tofâle",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "تفاله"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lows",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "لوث"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "nieczystości"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "odpady"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbrósy",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отбро́сы"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̏тпа̄д"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̀тпадак"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȍtpād"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "òtpadak"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 3 0 2 18 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "slagg"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 30 7 7 11 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 31 8 4 5 37 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 33 9 5 6 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 30 8 6 8 36 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 35 9 4 4 39 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 32 11 3 4 40 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 5 3 28 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "en:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 20 5 2 22 27 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "en:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Residue that forms as a scum on the surface of molten metal from oxidation."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-QK98kZF3",
"links": [
[
"Residue",
"residue"
],
[
"oxidation",
"oxidation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gangue"
},
{
"word": "scoria"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šlaka",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шлака"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "struska"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "crasse"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "écume"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "scorie"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "Schlacke"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "Krätze"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skōría",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σκωρία"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "scoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spodium"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "escória"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zgură"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okálina",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ока́лина"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlak",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шлак"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "troska"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šljaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "escoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "slagg"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 72 5 3 5 12",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "taing-bakal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 32 11 3 4 40 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The impurities in metal."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-Go78yZlK",
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "primes",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "примес"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prímesʹ",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "при́месь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "при̑мјеса"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "нечисто̀ћа"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "prȋmjesa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 8 80 4 0 8",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nečistòća"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Narendra B. Dahotre, Sandip Harimkar, Laser Fabrication and Machining of Materials, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 176:",
"text": "Dross is related with the incomplete expulsion of the melt from the bottom of the kerf. For precision applications where the clean cutting edges are important the formation of dross at the bottom of the cutting kerf must be controlled. This requires deep understanding of the mechanisms of dross formation and the various materials and laser-cutting parameters which potentially control the formation of dross. For example, the highly cleaned (dross-free) cutting edges can be obtained in […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, André Ditze, Christiane Scharf, Recycling of Magnesium, Ditze & Scharf, →ISBN, page 25:",
"text": "One of the main problems with recycling and melting magnesium is the presence of particles in the melt which lead to the formation of dross and sludge. To be more precise, the necessary removal of dross and sludge greatly increase the costs of the facility. And, material is lost.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A waste product from working with metal."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-CJ99UnqF",
"links": [
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "struska"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škvára"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zgar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zgură"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlak",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шлак"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "шља̏ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "šljȁka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 3 86 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"word": "slagg"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 30 7 7 11 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 5 3 28 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "en:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 20 5 2 22 27 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "en:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1945, Ezra Pound, Canto LXXXI:",
"text": "What thou lovest well remains,\n the rest is dross",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Worthless or trivial matter."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-Ph4drvwq",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Worthless or trivial matter."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "junk"
},
{
"word": "rubbish"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 4 0 1 76 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abschaum"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 4 0 1 76 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schund"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 4 0 1 76 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̀тпадак"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 4 0 1 76 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "òtpadak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 30 13 2 5 40 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 30 7 3 3 50 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 27 14 4 4 42 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 29 15 2 3 46 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 30 7 7 11 30 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 28 9 5 6 39 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 30 8 5 8 37 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 31 8 4 5 37 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 33 9 5 6 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 27 9 5 10 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 31 9 3 4 45 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 31 10 4 4 42 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 30 8 6 8 36 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 29 10 5 7 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 25 8 5 7 37 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 9 4 6 40 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 29 10 5 7 40 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 35 9 4 4 39 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 29 10 5 6 40 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 32 11 3 4 40 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 29 10 4 6 40 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 29 10 5 7 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 5 3 28 10 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "en:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 20 5 2 22 27 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "en:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Residual raw opium left in an opium pipe which can be recycled for further sale or use."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-noun-xmTw5auP",
"links": [
[
"Residual",
"residual"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"opium",
"opium"
],
[
"opium pipe",
"opium pipe"
],
[
"recycle",
"recycle"
],
[
"sale",
"sale"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Residual raw opium left in an opium pipe which can be recycled for further sale or use."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dross.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "drosse"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dross"
],
"word": "dross"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English drosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōs"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhs",
"t": "dregs, sediment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōsna"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōsna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhsnǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dragjō",
"3": "*-snō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*dragjō + *-snō",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“yeast, sediment”; compare <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*dragjō</i> (“yeast”)"
},
"expansion": "(“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*drēcg",
"3": "-sn",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*drēcg + -sn",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrā́ks",
"t": "sediment, yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dros"
},
"expansion": "Scots dros",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "droes",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "droesem",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Dutch droesem (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drusen",
"t": "lees, dregs"
},
"expansion": "German Drusen (“lees, dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fracēs",
"t": "grounds or dregs of oil"
},
"expansion": "Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drosse, dros, from Old English drōs, from Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”).\nAlso compare Old English drōsna, drōsne (“a ground, sediment, lees, dregs, dirt, ear wax”), from Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ, *drōhsnō (“dregs, sediment”), derived from *drōhs. Alternatively, this may be from *dragjō + *-snō (“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”)), as if from *drēcg + -sn.\nUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”).\nCognate with Scots dros, drose, drosse (“small particles, fragments, dross”), Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”), Dutch droesem (“dregs”), German Drusen (“lees, dregs”), Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”). Related also to drast, dregs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "drossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "drossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "drossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dross (third-person singular simple present drosses, present participle drossing, simple past and past participle drossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To remove dross from."
],
"id": "en-dross-en-verb-jI3p7P8B",
"links": [
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove dross from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dross.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "drosse"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dross"
],
"word": "dross"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "drosāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visdrosākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "drosi",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visdrosākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "drosi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "drosais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "drosāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "dross (definite drosais, comparative drosāks, superlative visdrosākais, adverb drosi)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dros"
},
"expansion": "dross (definite drosais, comparative drosāks, superlative visdrosākais, adverb drosi)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dros",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brave, safe, sure; alternative form of drošs"
],
"id": "en-dross-lv-adj-FRunLMQ2",
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"drošs",
"drošs#Latvian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) brave, safe, sure; alternative form of drošs"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "dross"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"en:Metallurgy",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "drosser"
},
{
"word": "drossless"
},
{
"word": "drossy"
},
{
"word": "human dross"
},
{
"word": "Windross"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English drosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōs"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhs",
"t": "dregs, sediment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōsna"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōsna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhsnǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dragjō",
"3": "*-snō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*dragjō + *-snō",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“yeast, sediment”; compare <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*dragjō</i> (“yeast”)"
},
"expansion": "(“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*drēcg",
"3": "-sn",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*drēcg + -sn",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrā́ks",
"t": "sediment, yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dros"
},
"expansion": "Scots dros",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "droes",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "droesem",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Dutch droesem (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drusen",
"t": "lees, dregs"
},
"expansion": "German Drusen (“lees, dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fracēs",
"t": "grounds or dregs of oil"
},
"expansion": "Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drosse, dros, from Old English drōs, from Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”).\nAlso compare Old English drōsna, drōsne (“a ground, sediment, lees, dregs, dirt, ear wax”), from Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ, *drōhsnō (“dregs, sediment”), derived from *drōhs. Alternatively, this may be from *dragjō + *-snō (“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”)), as if from *drēcg + -sn.\nUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”).\nCognate with Scots dros, drose, drosse (“small particles, fragments, dross”), Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”), Dutch droesem (“dregs”), German Drusen (“lees, dregs”), Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”). Related also to drast, dregs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "dross (usually uncountable, plural drosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Waste or impure matter."
],
"links": [
[
"Waste",
"waste"
],
[
"impure",
"impure"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Residue that forms as a scum on the surface of molten metal from oxidation."
],
"links": [
[
"Residue",
"residue"
],
[
"oxidation",
"oxidation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gangue"
},
{
"word": "scoria"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The impurities in metal."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Narendra B. Dahotre, Sandip Harimkar, Laser Fabrication and Machining of Materials, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 176:",
"text": "Dross is related with the incomplete expulsion of the melt from the bottom of the kerf. For precision applications where the clean cutting edges are important the formation of dross at the bottom of the cutting kerf must be controlled. This requires deep understanding of the mechanisms of dross formation and the various materials and laser-cutting parameters which potentially control the formation of dross. For example, the highly cleaned (dross-free) cutting edges can be obtained in […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, André Ditze, Christiane Scharf, Recycling of Magnesium, Ditze & Scharf, →ISBN, page 25:",
"text": "One of the main problems with recycling and melting magnesium is the presence of particles in the melt which lead to the formation of dross and sludge. To be more precise, the necessary removal of dross and sludge greatly increase the costs of the facility. And, material is lost.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A waste product from working with metal."
],
"links": [
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1945, Ezra Pound, Canto LXXXI:",
"text": "What thou lovest well remains,\n the rest is dross",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Worthless or trivial matter."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Worthless or trivial matter."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "junk"
},
{
"word": "rubbish"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"Residual raw opium left in an opium pipe which can be recycled for further sale or use."
],
"links": [
[
"Residual",
"residual"
],
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"opium",
"opium"
],
[
"opium pipe",
"opium pipe"
],
[
"recycle",
"recycle"
],
[
"sale",
"sale"
],
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Residual raw opium left in an opium pipe which can be recycled for further sale or use."
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dross.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "drosse"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpadǎci",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отпадъци"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odpad"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škvár"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brak"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šmejd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Müll"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schrott"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tofâle",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "تفاله"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lows",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "لوث"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "nieczystości"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "odpady"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbrósy",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отбро́сы"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̏тпа̄д"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̀тпадак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȍtpād"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "òtpadak"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Waste or impure matter",
"word": "slagg"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šlaka",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шлака"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "struska"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "crasse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "écume"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "scorie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "Schlacke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "Krätze"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "skōría",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σκωρία"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "scoria"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spodium"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "escória"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zgură"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okálina",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ока́лина"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlak",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шлак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "troska"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šljaka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "escoria"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "slagg"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Residue that forms on the surface of molten metal",
"word": "taing-bakal"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "primes",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "примес"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prímesʹ",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "при́месь"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "при̑мјеса"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "нечисто̀ћа"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "prȋmjesa"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "The impurities in metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nečistòća"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "struska"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "škvára"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scoria"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bok",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"word": "بوق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zgar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zgură"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šlak",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шлак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "шља̏ка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "šljȁka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A waste product from working with metal",
"word": "slagg"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abschaum"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schund"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "о̀тпадак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Worthless or trivial matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "òtpadak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dross"
],
"word": "dross"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"en:Metallurgy",
"en:Recreational drugs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drosse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English drosse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōs"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhs",
"t": "dregs, sediment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "drōsna"
},
"expansion": "Old English drōsna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōhsnǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dragjō",
"3": "*-snō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*dragjō + *-snō",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "“yeast, sediment”; compare <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"gem-pro\">*dragjō</i> (“yeast”)"
},
"expansion": "(“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*drēcg",
"3": "-sn",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*drēcg + -sn",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrā́ks",
"t": "sediment, yeast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dros"
},
"expansion": "Scots dros",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "droes",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "droesem",
"t": "dregs"
},
"expansion": "Dutch droesem (“dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drusen",
"t": "lees, dregs"
},
"expansion": "German Drusen (“lees, dregs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fracēs",
"t": "grounds or dregs of oil"
},
"expansion": "Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English drosse, dros, from Old English drōs, from Proto-Germanic *drōhs (“dregs, sediment”).\nAlso compare Old English drōsna, drōsne (“a ground, sediment, lees, dregs, dirt, ear wax”), from Proto-Germanic *drōhsnǭ, *drōhsnō (“dregs, sediment”), derived from *drōhs. Alternatively, this may be from *dragjō + *-snō (“yeast, sediment”; compare *dragjō (“yeast”)), as if from *drēcg + -sn.\nUltimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“sediment, yeast”).\nCognate with Scots dros, drose, drosse (“small particles, fragments, dross”), Middle Dutch droes (“dregs”), Dutch droesem (“dregs”), German Drusen (“lees, dregs”), Latin fracēs (“grounds or dregs of oil”). Related also to drast, dregs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "drossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "drossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "drossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dross (third-person singular simple present drosses, present participle drossing, simple past and past participle drossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove dross from."
],
"links": [
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove dross from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dross.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dross.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɹɒs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "drosse"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dross"
],
"word": "dross"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "drosais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "drosāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visdrosākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "drosi",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drosā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drosās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visdrosākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "drosi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "drosais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "drosāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "dross (definite drosais, comparative drosāks, superlative visdrosākais, adverb drosi)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dros"
},
"expansion": "dross (definite drosais, comparative drosāks, superlative visdrosākais, adverb drosi)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dros",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian adjectives",
"Latvian dialectal terms",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"brave, safe, sure; alternative form of drošs"
],
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"drošs",
"drošs#Latvian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) brave, safe, sure; alternative form of drošs"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "dross"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dross meaning in All languages combined (24.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.