See biology on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "abiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "actinobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aerobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "agrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "anthropobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "archaeobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "astrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologistic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biostitute"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chemical biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chemobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chronobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "conservation biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cosmobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cryobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cytobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "developmental biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "electrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ethnobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "evolutionary biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "evolutionary developmental biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "exobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "forensic biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "geobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "geomicrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "glycobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gnotobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "heliobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hydrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "idiobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "immunobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "limnobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "macrobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "magnetobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "marine biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mathematical biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mechanobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "metabiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "metallobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "microbiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "molecular biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mycobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "myobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nanobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "neurobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonbiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "oncobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "optobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "palaeobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "paleobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pathobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "photobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "phytobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "population biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "protobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pseudobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "psychobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiation biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "radiobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "saprobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "scotobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sialobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sociobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "soil microbiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "space biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "speleobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "structural biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synthetic biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "systems biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "topobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "xenobiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zoobiology"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lbor",
"3": "NL.>biologia>biology",
"id": "life science",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\nLatin -logia\nNew Latin biologialbor.\nEnglish biology",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-new",
"3": "biologia"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from New Latin biologia",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βίος",
"3": "λογία",
"gloss1": "bio-, life",
"gloss2": "-logy, branch of study, to speak",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+af",
"2": "en",
"3": "bio-",
"4": "-logy"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bio- + -logy",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "βιολογία"
},
"expansion": "Greek βιολογία (viología)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "biologie"
},
"expansion": "French biologie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zoology"
},
"expansion": "Piecewise doublet of zoology",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\nLatin -logia\nNew Latin biologialbor.\nEnglish biology\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biologies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"holonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "natural science"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "science"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"meronyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "zoology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "botany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "cytology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "microbiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "anatomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "physiology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "ciliatology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "genetics"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biological"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologically"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "biologize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "life"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "cell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organelle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "individual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "population"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "ecosystem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "biosphere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "homeostasis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "metabolism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "species"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "taxonomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "taxon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organic compound"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "evolution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "domain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "kingdom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "phylum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "class"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "order"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "family"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "genus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": ":Category:Biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 37 34 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with bio-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:",
"text": "As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The study of all life or living matter."
],
"id": "en-biology-en-noun-en:Q420",
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q420"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "life science"
},
{
"word": "life sciences"
},
{
"word": "lifelore"
},
{
"word": "biology"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologji"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "biyulūjiyā",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بِيُولُوجِيَا"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḥya",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "أحيا"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kensabanutʻyun",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "կենսաբանություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ziw biggan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "জীৱ বিজ্ঞান"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "yulpan ḳāyuta",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloxía"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ban",
"lang": "Balinese",
"roman": "jiwawidya",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bijalóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "біяло́гія"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bijoljóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Taraškievica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "біёлё́гія"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bioljóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Taraškievica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "біолё́гія"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "jibbiggên",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "জীববিজ্ঞান"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bevoniezh"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "bug",
"lang": "Buginese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "biologija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "биология"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "jiwa.beda.",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ဇီဝဗေဒ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "bua",
"lang": "Buryat",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "биологи"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "bua",
"lang": "Buryat",
"roman": "amin šudalal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "амин шудалал"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "seng-bu̍t-ha̍k",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngwùxué",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bywonieth"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "dirumābehē ilmu",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "din",
"lang": "Dinka",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "piöcëpïr"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologio"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bioloogia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "eluteadus"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lívfrøði"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloxía"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "biologia",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ბიოლოგია"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "viología",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βιολογία"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologii"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "uumassusililerineq"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "jīvvijñān",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "જીવવિજ્ઞાન"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kālaimeaola"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "biologia",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביולוגיה"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvvijñān",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "जीवविज्ञान"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवशास्त्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvvidyā",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जीवविद्या"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biológia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "líffræði"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologio"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ilmu hayat"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "oomassosiqartoliriniq",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitheolaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"alt": "せいぶつがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seibutsugaku",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "jīvaśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "chiivea vityie",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ជីវវិទ្យា"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"alt": "生物學",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "saengmulhak",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "생물학"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "jînnasî",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ژینناسی"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyolojî"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "jiyannasî"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "zîndewerzanî"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sī wa sāt",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ຊີວະສາດ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloģija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kaji hayat"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "jīvaśāstraṁ",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ജീവശാസ്ത്രം"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bioloġija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bea-oaylleeaght"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "mātauranga koiora"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jīvśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "जीवशास्त्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "биологи"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amin sudlal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "амин судлал"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"english": "esp China",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amʹd bodisyn sudlal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "амьд бодисын судлал"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amin sudulul",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amidu bodis-ün sudulul",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nah",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "yolizmatiliztli"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "žwandpohəna",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ژوندپوهنه"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zist-šenâsi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "زیستشناسی"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "biyoloži",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "بیولوژی"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Läwenslia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "jīv vigiāna",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kawsay yachay"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "biológija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "биоло́гия"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bith-eòlas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "биологија"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sn",
"lang": "Shona",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ketaupenyu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جِياڀياسُ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "jīwawidyāwa",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ජීවවිද්යාව"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biológia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biología"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biolojia"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "elimuviumbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "fortplantningsbeteende"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyolohiya"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "haynayan"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "uyiriyal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "உயிரியல்"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "jīvaśāstramu",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "జీవశాస్త్రము"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ชีววิทยา"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyoloji"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "dirim bilimi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "yaşam bilimi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "canlı bilimi"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "biolohija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "біологія"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "hiatiyaat",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حیاتیات"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "sinh học"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"alt": "生物學",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "sinh vật học"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "lifav"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioleg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bywydeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "byologye",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביאָלאָגיע"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bàọ́lọ́jì"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 13 5 0",
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bàyọ́lọ́jì"
}
],
"wikidata": [
"Q420"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 50 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 55 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 62 14 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 37 34 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with bio-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 64 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -logy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 51 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 55 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 74 3 1",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "20 70 7 3",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "24 68 6 2",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "17 58 23 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 70 7 3",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "20 72 6 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "19 72 6 2",
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},
{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "21 70 6 3",
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "20 70 7 3",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "18 76 4 1",
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},
{
"_dis": "21 70 6 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 71 6 2",
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "20 71 6 2",
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"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 70 7 3",
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"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 70 6 3",
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"name": "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "21 71 6 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 70 6 2",
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},
{
"_dis": "19 74 5 2",
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},
{
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"name": "Terms with Yoruba translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "29 45 23 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "en:Sciences",
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-biology-en-noun-XRLy0Y-k",
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
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{
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"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
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"name": "English terms prefixed with bio-",
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},
{
"_dis": "0 27 73 0",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the biology of the whale",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism."
],
"id": "en-biology-en-noun-CQ-rzPe8",
"links": [
[
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"organism"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 9 90 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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}
]
},
{
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{
"ref": "1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:",
"text": "That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A biographical history."
],
"id": "en-biology-en-noun-vswCodr9",
"links": [
[
"biographical",
"biographical#Noun"
],
[
"history",
"history#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A biographical history."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-biology.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg"
},
{
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}
],
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "biology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "lifelore"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"Oxford English Dictionary",
"Thomas Beddoes",
"biology",
"international scientific vocabulary"
],
"word": "biology"
}
{
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from New Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English piecewise doublets",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-",
"English terms prefixed with bio-",
"English terms suffixed with -logy",
"English uncountable nouns",
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"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi",
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"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Balinese translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Buginese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Buryat translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dhivehi translations",
"Terms with Dinka translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Farefare translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hakka translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Nahuatl translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shona translations",
"Terms with Sindhi translations",
"Terms with Sinhalese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations",
"en:Biology",
"en:Sciences"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abiology"
},
{
"word": "actinobiology"
},
{
"word": "aerobiology"
},
{
"word": "agrobiology"
},
{
"word": "anthropobiology"
},
{
"word": "archaeobiology"
},
{
"word": "astrobiology"
},
{
"word": "biologese"
},
{
"word": "biologistic"
},
{
"word": "biostitute"
},
{
"word": "chemical biology"
},
{
"word": "chemobiology"
},
{
"word": "chronobiology"
},
{
"word": "conservation biology"
},
{
"word": "cosmobiology"
},
{
"word": "cryobiology"
},
{
"word": "cytobiology"
},
{
"word": "developmental biology"
},
{
"word": "electrobiology"
},
{
"word": "ethnobiology"
},
{
"word": "evolutionary biology"
},
{
"word": "evolutionary developmental biology"
},
{
"word": "exobiology"
},
{
"word": "forensic biology"
},
{
"word": "geobiology"
},
{
"word": "geomicrobiology"
},
{
"word": "glycobiology"
},
{
"word": "gnotobiology"
},
{
"word": "heliobiology"
},
{
"word": "hydrobiology"
},
{
"word": "idiobiology"
},
{
"word": "immunobiology"
},
{
"word": "limnobiology"
},
{
"word": "macrobiology"
},
{
"word": "magnetobiology"
},
{
"word": "marine biology"
},
{
"word": "mathematical biology"
},
{
"word": "mechanobiology"
},
{
"word": "metabiology"
},
{
"word": "metallobiology"
},
{
"word": "microbiology"
},
{
"word": "molecular biology"
},
{
"word": "mycobiology"
},
{
"word": "myobiology"
},
{
"word": "nanobiology"
},
{
"word": "neurobiology"
},
{
"word": "nonbiology"
},
{
"word": "oncobiology"
},
{
"word": "optobiology"
},
{
"word": "palaeobiology"
},
{
"word": "paleobiology"
},
{
"word": "parabiology"
},
{
"word": "pathobiology"
},
{
"word": "photobiology"
},
{
"word": "phytobiology"
},
{
"word": "population biology"
},
{
"word": "protobiology"
},
{
"word": "pseudobiology"
},
{
"word": "psychobiology"
},
{
"word": "radiation biology"
},
{
"word": "radiobiology"
},
{
"word": "saprobiology"
},
{
"word": "scotobiology"
},
{
"word": "sialobiology"
},
{
"word": "sociobiology"
},
{
"word": "soil microbiology"
},
{
"word": "space biology"
},
{
"word": "speleobiology"
},
{
"word": "structural biology"
},
{
"word": "synthetic biology"
},
{
"word": "systems biology"
},
{
"word": "topobiology"
},
{
"word": "xenobiology"
},
{
"word": "zoobiology"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lbor",
"3": "NL.>biologia>biology",
"id": "life science",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\nLatin -logia\nNew Latin biologialbor.\nEnglish biology",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-new",
"3": "biologia"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from New Latin biologia",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βίος",
"3": "λογία",
"gloss1": "bio-, life",
"gloss2": "-logy, branch of study, to speak",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+af",
"2": "en",
"3": "bio-",
"4": "-logy"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, bio- + -logy",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "βιολογία"
},
"expansion": "Greek βιολογία (viología)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "biologie"
},
"expansion": "French biologie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zoology"
},
"expansion": "Piecewise doublet of zoology",
"name": "piecewise doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\nLatin -logia\nNew Latin biologialbor.\nEnglish biology\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biologies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"holonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "natural science"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "science"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"meronyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "zoology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "botany"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "cytology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "microbiology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "anatomy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "physiology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "ciliatology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "genetics"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "biological"
},
{
"word": "biologically"
},
{
"word": "biologic"
},
{
"word": "biologism"
},
{
"word": "biologist"
},
{
"word": "biologize"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "life"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "cell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organelle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organ"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organism"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "individual"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "population"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "ecosystem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "biosphere"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "homeostasis"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "metabolism"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "species"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "taxonomy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "taxon"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "organic compound"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "evolution"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "domain"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "kingdom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "phylum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "class"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "order"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "family"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "genus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": ":Category:Biology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:",
"text": "As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The study of all life or living matter."
],
"links": [
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"matter",
"matter"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q420"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "life science"
},
{
"word": "life sciences"
},
{
"word": "lifelore"
},
{
"word": "biology"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q420"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:",
"text": "The object of these prizes is to stimulate and encourage original investigation by the aid of the microscope in the biology of North America, and, while the competition is open to all, it is especially commended to advanced students in biology in such of our universities and colleges as furnish opportunity for suitable work.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The living organisms of a particular region."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the biology of the whale",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism."
],
"links": [
[
"organism",
"organism"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:",
"text": "That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A biographical history."
],
"links": [
[
"biographical",
"biographical#Noun"
],
[
"history",
"history#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A biographical history."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bī-ŏl′-əjē"
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-biology.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg/En-us-biology.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒlədʒi"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "biology"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:biology",
"word": "lifelore"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologji"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "biyulūjiyā",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بِيُولُوجِيَا"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḥya",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "أحيا"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kensabanutʻyun",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "կենսաբանություն"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ziw biggan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "জীৱ বিজ্ঞান"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "yulpan ḳāyuta",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloxía"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologiya"
},
{
"code": "ban",
"lang": "Balinese",
"roman": "jiwawidya",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bijalóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "біяло́гія"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bijoljóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Taraškievica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "біёлё́гія"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bioljóhija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Taraškievica",
"feminine"
],
"word": "біолё́гія"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "jibbiggên",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "জীববিজ্ঞান"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bevoniezh"
},
{
"code": "bug",
"lang": "Buginese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "biologija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "биология"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "jiwa.beda.",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ဇီဝဗေဒ"
},
{
"code": "bua",
"lang": "Buryat",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "биологи"
},
{
"code": "bua",
"lang": "Buryat",
"roman": "amin šudalal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "амин шудалал"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "seng-bu̍t-ha̍k",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物學"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngwùxué",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bywonieth"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "dirumābehē ilmu",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު"
},
{
"code": "din",
"lang": "Dinka",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "piöcëpïr"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bioloogia"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "eluteadus"
},
{
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lívfrøði"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloxía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "biologia",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ბიოლოგია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Biologie"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "viología",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βιολογία"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologii"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "uumassusililerineq"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "jīvvijñān",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "જીવવિજ્ઞાન"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kālaimeaola"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "biologia",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביולוגיה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvvijñān",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "जीवविज्ञान"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "जीवशास्त्र"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jīvvidyā",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जीवविद्या"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biológia"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "líffræði"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologio"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ilmu hayat"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "oomassosiqartoliriniq",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitheolaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"alt": "せいぶつがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seibutsugaku",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "生物学"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "jīvaśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "chiivea vityie",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ជីវវិទ្យា"
},
{
"alt": "生物學",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "saengmulhak",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "생물학"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "jînnasî",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ژینناسی"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyolojî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "jiyannasî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "zîndewerzanî"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sī wa sāt",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ຊີວະສາດ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioloģija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kaji hayat"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "jīvaśāstraṁ",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ജീവശാസ്ത്രം"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bioloġija"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bea-oaylleeaght"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "mātauranga koiora"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jīvśāstra",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "जीवशास्त्र"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "биологи"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amin sudlal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "амин судлал"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"english": "esp China",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amʹd bodisyn sudlal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "амьд бодисын судлал"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "biologi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amin sudulul",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "amidu bodis-ün sudulul",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "nah",
"lang": "Nahuatl",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "yolizmatiliztli"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "žwandpohəna",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ژوندپوهنه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zist-šenâsi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "زیستشناسی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "biyoloži",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "بیولوژی"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Läwenslia"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "jīv vigiāna",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "kawsay yachay"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "biológija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "биоло́гия"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologie"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bith-eòlas"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "биологија"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"code": "sn",
"lang": "Shona",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ketaupenyu"
},
{
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جِياڀياسُ"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "jīwawidyāwa",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ජීවවිද්යාව"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biológia"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biología"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biolojia"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "elimuviumbe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "biologi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "fortplantningsbeteende"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyolohiya"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "haynayan"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "uyiriyal",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "உயிரியல்"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "jīvaśāstramu",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "జీవశాస్త్రము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "ชีววิทยา"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "biyoloji"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "dirim bilimi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "yaşam bilimi"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "canlı bilimi"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "biolohija",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "біологія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "hiatiyaat",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "حیاتیات"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "sinh học"
},
{
"alt": "生物學",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "sinh vật học"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "lifav"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bioleg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bywydeg"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "byologye",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביאָלאָגיע"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bàọ́lọ́jì"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "study of living matter",
"word": "bàyọ́lọ́jì"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "biologia"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dudley Loftus",
"Oxford English Dictionary",
"Thomas Beddoes",
"biology",
"international scientific vocabulary"
],
"word": "biology"
}
Download raw JSONL data for biology meaning in All languages combined (31.0kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "biology/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with etymology trees\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English learned borrowings from New Latin\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English piecewise doublets\", \"English terms borrowed from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-\", \"English terms prefixed with bio-\", \"English terms suffixed with -logy\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi/4 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Balinese translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Buginese translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Buryat translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dinka translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hakka translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nahuatl translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shona translations\", \"Terms with Sindhi translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\", \"en:Biology\", \"en:Sciences\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abiology\"}, {\"word\": \"actinobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"aerobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"agrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"anthropobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"archaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"astrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"biologese\"}, {\"word\": \"biologistic\"}, {\"word\": \"biostitute\"}, {\"word\": \"chemical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"chemobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"chronobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"conservation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"cosmobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cryobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"electrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"ethnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary biology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"exobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"forensic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"geobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"geomicrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"glycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"gnotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"heliobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"hydrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"idiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"immunobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"limnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"macrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"magnetobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"marine biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mechanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metallobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"molecular biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"myobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"neurobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nonbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"oncobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"optobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"palaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"paleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"parabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pathobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"photobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"phytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"population biology\"}, {\"word\": \"protobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pseudobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"psychobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"saprobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"scotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sialobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sociobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"soil microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"space biology\"}, {\"word\": \"speleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"structural biology\"}, {\"word\": \"synthetic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"systems biology\"}, {\"word\": \"topobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"xenobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"zoobiology\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"lbor\", \"3\": \"NL.>biologia>biology\", \"id\": \"life science\", \"tree\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\", \"name\": \"etymon\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la-new\", \"3\": \"biologia\"}, \"expansion\": \"Borrowed from New Latin biologia\", \"name\": \"bor+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"βίος\", \"3\": \"λογία\", \"gloss1\": \"bio-, life\", \"gloss2\": \"-logy, branch of study, to speak\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"+af\", \"2\": \"en\", \"3\": \"bio-\", \"4\": \"-logy\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, bio- + -logy\", \"name\": \"surf\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"el\", \"2\": \"βιολογία\"}, \"expansion\": \"Greek βιολογία (viología)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"biologie\"}, \"expansion\": \"French biologie\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"zoology\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piecewise doublet of zoology\", \"name\": \"piecewise doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"biologies\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"natural science\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"science\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"zoology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"botany\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cytology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"anatomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"physiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ciliatology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genetics\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"biological\"}, {\"word\": \"biologically\"}, {\"word\": \"biologic\"}, {\"word\": \"biologism\"}, {\"word\": \"biologist\"}, {\"word\": \"biologize\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"life\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organelle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organ\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"individual\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"population\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ecosystem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biosphere\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"homeostasis\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"metabolism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"species\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxonomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxon\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organic compound\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"evolution\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"domain\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"kingdom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"phylum\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"class\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"order\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"family\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \":Category:Biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:\", \"text\": \"As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of all life or living matter.\"], \"links\": [[\"life\", \"life\"], [\"living\", \"living\"], [\"matter\", \"matter\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q420\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"life science\"}, {\"word\": \"life sciences\"}, {\"word\": \"lifelore\"}, {\"word\": \"biology\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q420\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:\", \"text\": \"The object of these prizes is to stimulate and encourage original investigation by the aid of the microscope in the biology of North America, and, while the competition is open to all, it is especially commended to advanced students in biology in such of our universities and colleges as furnish opportunity for suitable work.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The living organisms of a particular region.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"the biology of the whale\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism.\"], \"links\": [[\"organism\", \"organism\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:\", \"text\": \"That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A biographical history.\"], \"links\": [[\"biographical\", \"biographical#Noun\"], [\"history\", \"history#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) A biographical history.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bī-ŏl′-əjē\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-biology.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg/En-us-biology.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒlədʒi\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"lifelore\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologji\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"biyulūjiyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"بِيُولُوجِيَا\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaḥya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"أحيا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kensabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"կենսաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ziw biggan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীৱ বিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"aii\", \"lang\": \"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic\", \"roman\": \"yulpan ḳāyuta\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologiya\"}, {\"code\": \"ban\", \"lang\": \"Balinese\", \"roman\": \"jiwawidya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijalóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біяло́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijoljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біёлё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bioljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біолё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"jibbiggên\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীববিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bevoniezh\"}, {\"code\": \"bug\", \"lang\": \"Buginese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"biologija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биология\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"jiwa.beda.\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ဇီဝဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"amin šudalal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"амин шудалал\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"roman\": \"sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"seng-bu̍t-ha̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shēngwùxué\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywonieth\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"dirumābehē ilmu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު\"}, {\"code\": \"din\", \"lang\": \"Dinka\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"piöcëpïr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloogia\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"eluteadus\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lívfrøði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ბიოლოგია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"viología\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"βιολογία\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologii\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"uumassusililerineq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"જીવવિજ્ઞાન\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kālaimeaola\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביולוגיה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"जीवविज्ञान\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvidyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"जीवविद्या\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"líffræði\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ilmu hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"oomassosiqartoliriniq\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bitheolaíocht\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいぶつがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seibutsugaku\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"chiivea vityie\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ជីវវិទ្យា\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"saengmulhak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"생물학\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"jînnasî\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ژینناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolojî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"jiyannasî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"zîndewerzanî\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"sī wa sāt\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ຊີວະສາດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloģija\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kaji hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstraṁ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ജീവശാസ്ത്രം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloġija\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bea-oaylleeaght\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"mātauranga koiora\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амин судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"english\": \"esp China\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amʹd bodisyn sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амьд бодисын судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amidu bodis-ün sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"nah\", \"lang\": \"Nahuatl\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yolizmatiliztli\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"žwandpohəna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ژوندپوهنه\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"zist-šenâsi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"زیستشناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"biyoloži\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"بیولوژی\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Läwenslia\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"jīv vigiāna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kawsay yachay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"biológija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биоло́гия\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bith-eòlas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биологија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"sn\", \"lang\": \"Shona\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ketaupenyu\"}, {\"code\": \"sd\", \"lang\": \"Sindhi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جِياڀياسُ\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"jīwawidyāwa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ජීවවිද්යාව\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biología\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biolojia\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"elimuviumbe\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"fortplantningsbeteende\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolohiya\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"haynayan\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"uyiriyal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"உயிரியல்\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstramu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"జీవశాస్త్రము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ชีววิทยา\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyoloji\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"dirim bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yaşam bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"canlı bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"biolohija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біологія\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"hiatiyaat\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"حیاتیات\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh học\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh vật học\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"lifav\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioleg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywydeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"byologye\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביאָלאָגיע\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàyọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Dudley Loftus\", \"Oxford English Dictionary\", \"Thomas Beddoes\", \"biology\", \"international scientific vocabulary\"], \"word\": \"biology\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biology",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "biology/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with etymology trees\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English learned borrowings from New Latin\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English piecewise doublets\", \"English terms borrowed from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-\", \"English terms prefixed with bio-\", \"English terms suffixed with -logy\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi/4 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Balinese translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Buginese translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Buryat translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dinka translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hakka translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nahuatl translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shona translations\", \"Terms with Sindhi translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\", \"en:Biology\", \"en:Sciences\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abiology\"}, {\"word\": \"actinobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"aerobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"agrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"anthropobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"archaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"astrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"biologese\"}, {\"word\": \"biologistic\"}, {\"word\": \"biostitute\"}, {\"word\": \"chemical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"chemobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"chronobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"conservation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"cosmobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cryobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"electrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"ethnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary biology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"exobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"forensic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"geobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"geomicrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"glycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"gnotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"heliobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"hydrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"idiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"immunobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"limnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"macrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"magnetobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"marine biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mechanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metallobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"molecular biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"myobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"neurobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nonbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"oncobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"optobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"palaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"paleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"parabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pathobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"photobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"phytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"population biology\"}, {\"word\": \"protobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pseudobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"psychobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"saprobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"scotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sialobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sociobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"soil microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"space biology\"}, {\"word\": \"speleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"structural biology\"}, {\"word\": \"synthetic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"systems biology\"}, {\"word\": \"topobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"xenobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"zoobiology\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"lbor\", \"3\": \"NL.>biologia>biology\", \"id\": \"life science\", \"tree\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\", \"name\": \"etymon\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la-new\", \"3\": \"biologia\"}, \"expansion\": \"Borrowed from New Latin biologia\", \"name\": \"bor+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"βίος\", \"3\": \"λογία\", \"gloss1\": \"bio-, life\", \"gloss2\": \"-logy, branch of study, to speak\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"+af\", \"2\": \"en\", \"3\": \"bio-\", \"4\": \"-logy\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, bio- + -logy\", \"name\": \"surf\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"el\", \"2\": \"βιολογία\"}, \"expansion\": \"Greek βιολογία (viología)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"biologie\"}, \"expansion\": \"French biologie\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"zoology\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piecewise doublet of zoology\", \"name\": \"piecewise doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"biologies\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"natural science\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"science\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"zoology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"botany\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cytology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"anatomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"physiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ciliatology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genetics\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"biological\"}, {\"word\": \"biologically\"}, {\"word\": \"biologic\"}, {\"word\": \"biologism\"}, {\"word\": \"biologist\"}, {\"word\": \"biologize\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"life\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organelle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organ\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"individual\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"population\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ecosystem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biosphere\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"homeostasis\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"metabolism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"species\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxonomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxon\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organic compound\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"evolution\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"domain\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"kingdom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"phylum\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"class\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"order\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"family\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \":Category:Biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:\", \"text\": \"As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of all life or living matter.\"], \"links\": [[\"life\", \"life\"], [\"living\", \"living\"], [\"matter\", \"matter\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q420\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"life science\"}, {\"word\": \"life sciences\"}, {\"word\": \"lifelore\"}, {\"word\": \"biology\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q420\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:\", \"text\": \"The object of these prizes is to stimulate and encourage original investigation by the aid of the microscope in the biology of North America, and, while the competition is open to all, it is especially commended to advanced students in biology in such of our universities and colleges as furnish opportunity for suitable work.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The living organisms of a particular region.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"the biology of the whale\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism.\"], \"links\": [[\"organism\", \"organism\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:\", \"text\": \"That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A biographical history.\"], \"links\": [[\"biographical\", \"biographical#Noun\"], [\"history\", \"history#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) A biographical history.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bī-ŏl′-əjē\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-biology.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg/En-us-biology.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒlədʒi\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"lifelore\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologji\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"biyulūjiyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"بِيُولُوجِيَا\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaḥya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"أحيا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kensabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"կենսաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ziw biggan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীৱ বিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"aii\", \"lang\": \"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic\", \"roman\": \"yulpan ḳāyuta\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologiya\"}, {\"code\": \"ban\", \"lang\": \"Balinese\", \"roman\": \"jiwawidya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijalóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біяло́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijoljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біёлё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bioljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біолё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"jibbiggên\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীববিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bevoniezh\"}, {\"code\": \"bug\", \"lang\": \"Buginese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"biologija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биология\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"jiwa.beda.\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ဇီဝဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"amin šudalal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"амин шудалал\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"roman\": \"sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"seng-bu̍t-ha̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shēngwùxué\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywonieth\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"dirumābehē ilmu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު\"}, {\"code\": \"din\", \"lang\": \"Dinka\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"piöcëpïr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloogia\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"eluteadus\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lívfrøði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ბიოლოგია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"viología\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"βιολογία\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologii\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"uumassusililerineq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"જીવવિજ્ઞાન\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kālaimeaola\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביולוגיה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"जीवविज्ञान\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvidyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"जीवविद्या\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"líffræði\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ilmu hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"oomassosiqartoliriniq\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bitheolaíocht\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいぶつがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seibutsugaku\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"chiivea vityie\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ជីវវិទ្យា\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"saengmulhak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"생물학\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"jînnasî\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ژینناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolojî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"jiyannasî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"zîndewerzanî\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"sī wa sāt\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ຊີວະສາດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloģija\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kaji hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstraṁ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ജീവശാസ്ത്രം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloġija\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bea-oaylleeaght\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"mātauranga koiora\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амин судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"english\": \"esp China\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amʹd bodisyn sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амьд бодисын судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amidu bodis-ün sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"nah\", \"lang\": \"Nahuatl\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yolizmatiliztli\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"žwandpohəna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ژوندپوهنه\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"zist-šenâsi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"زیستشناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"biyoloži\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"بیولوژی\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Läwenslia\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"jīv vigiāna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kawsay yachay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"biológija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биоло́гия\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bith-eòlas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биологија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"sn\", \"lang\": \"Shona\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ketaupenyu\"}, {\"code\": \"sd\", \"lang\": \"Sindhi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جِياڀياسُ\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"jīwawidyāwa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ජීවවිද්යාව\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biología\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biolojia\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"elimuviumbe\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"fortplantningsbeteende\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolohiya\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"haynayan\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"uyiriyal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"உயிரியல்\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstramu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"జీవశాస్త్రము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ชีววิทยา\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyoloji\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"dirim bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yaşam bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"canlı bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"biolohija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біологія\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"hiatiyaat\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"حیاتیات\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh học\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh vật học\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"lifav\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioleg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywydeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"byologye\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביאָלאָגיע\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàyọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Dudley Loftus\", \"Oxford English Dictionary\", \"Thomas Beddoes\", \"biology\", \"international scientific vocabulary\"], \"word\": \"biology\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biology",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "biology/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with etymology trees\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English learned borrowings from New Latin\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English piecewise doublets\", \"English terms borrowed from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-\", \"English terms prefixed with bio-\", \"English terms suffixed with -logy\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi/4 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Balinese translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Buginese translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Buryat translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dinka translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hakka translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nahuatl translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shona translations\", \"Terms with Sindhi translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\", \"en:Biology\", \"en:Sciences\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abiology\"}, {\"word\": \"actinobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"aerobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"agrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"anthropobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"archaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"astrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"biologese\"}, {\"word\": \"biologistic\"}, {\"word\": \"biostitute\"}, {\"word\": \"chemical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"chemobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"chronobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"conservation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"cosmobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cryobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"electrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"ethnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary biology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"exobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"forensic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"geobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"geomicrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"glycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"gnotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"heliobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"hydrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"idiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"immunobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"limnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"macrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"magnetobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"marine biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mechanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metallobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"molecular biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"myobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"neurobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nonbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"oncobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"optobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"palaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"paleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"parabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pathobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"photobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"phytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"population biology\"}, {\"word\": \"protobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pseudobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"psychobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"saprobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"scotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sialobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sociobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"soil microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"space biology\"}, {\"word\": \"speleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"structural biology\"}, {\"word\": \"synthetic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"systems biology\"}, {\"word\": \"topobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"xenobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"zoobiology\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"lbor\", \"3\": \"NL.>biologia>biology\", \"id\": \"life science\", \"tree\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\", \"name\": \"etymon\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la-new\", \"3\": \"biologia\"}, \"expansion\": \"Borrowed from New Latin biologia\", \"name\": \"bor+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"βίος\", \"3\": \"λογία\", \"gloss1\": \"bio-, life\", \"gloss2\": \"-logy, branch of study, to speak\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"+af\", \"2\": \"en\", \"3\": \"bio-\", \"4\": \"-logy\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, bio- + -logy\", \"name\": \"surf\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"el\", \"2\": \"βιολογία\"}, \"expansion\": \"Greek βιολογία (viología)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"biologie\"}, \"expansion\": \"French biologie\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"zoology\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piecewise doublet of zoology\", \"name\": \"piecewise doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"biologies\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"natural science\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"science\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"zoology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"botany\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cytology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"anatomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"physiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ciliatology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genetics\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"biological\"}, {\"word\": \"biologically\"}, {\"word\": \"biologic\"}, {\"word\": \"biologism\"}, {\"word\": \"biologist\"}, {\"word\": \"biologize\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"life\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organelle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organ\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"individual\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"population\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ecosystem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biosphere\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"homeostasis\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"metabolism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"species\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxonomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxon\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organic compound\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"evolution\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"domain\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"kingdom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"phylum\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"class\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"order\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"family\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \":Category:Biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:\", \"text\": \"As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of all life or living matter.\"], \"links\": [[\"life\", \"life\"], [\"living\", \"living\"], [\"matter\", \"matter\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q420\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"life science\"}, {\"word\": \"life sciences\"}, {\"word\": \"lifelore\"}, {\"word\": \"biology\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q420\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:\", \"text\": \"The object of these prizes is to stimulate and encourage original investigation by the aid of the microscope in the biology of North America, and, while the competition is open to all, it is especially commended to advanced students in biology in such of our universities and colleges as furnish opportunity for suitable work.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The living organisms of a particular region.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"the biology of the whale\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism.\"], \"links\": [[\"organism\", \"organism\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:\", \"text\": \"That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A biographical history.\"], \"links\": [[\"biographical\", \"biographical#Noun\"], [\"history\", \"history#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) A biographical history.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bī-ŏl′-əjē\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-biology.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg/En-us-biology.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒlədʒi\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"lifelore\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologji\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"biyulūjiyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"بِيُولُوجِيَا\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaḥya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"أحيا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kensabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"կենսաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ziw biggan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীৱ বিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"aii\", \"lang\": \"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic\", \"roman\": \"yulpan ḳāyuta\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologiya\"}, {\"code\": \"ban\", \"lang\": \"Balinese\", \"roman\": \"jiwawidya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijalóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біяло́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijoljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біёлё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bioljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біолё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"jibbiggên\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীববিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bevoniezh\"}, {\"code\": \"bug\", \"lang\": \"Buginese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"biologija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биология\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"jiwa.beda.\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ဇီဝဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"amin šudalal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"амин шудалал\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"roman\": \"sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"seng-bu̍t-ha̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shēngwùxué\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywonieth\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"dirumābehē ilmu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު\"}, {\"code\": \"din\", \"lang\": \"Dinka\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"piöcëpïr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloogia\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"eluteadus\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lívfrøði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ბიოლოგია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"viología\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"βιολογία\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologii\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"uumassusililerineq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"જીવવિજ્ઞાન\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kālaimeaola\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביולוגיה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"जीवविज्ञान\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvidyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"जीवविद्या\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"líffræði\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ilmu hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"oomassosiqartoliriniq\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bitheolaíocht\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいぶつがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seibutsugaku\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"chiivea vityie\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ជីវវិទ្យា\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"saengmulhak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"생물학\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"jînnasî\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ژینناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolojî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"jiyannasî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"zîndewerzanî\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"sī wa sāt\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ຊີວະສາດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloģija\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kaji hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstraṁ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ജീവശാസ്ത്രം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloġija\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bea-oaylleeaght\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"mātauranga koiora\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амин судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"english\": \"esp China\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amʹd bodisyn sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амьд бодисын судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amidu bodis-ün sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"nah\", \"lang\": \"Nahuatl\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yolizmatiliztli\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"žwandpohəna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ژوندپوهنه\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"zist-šenâsi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"زیستشناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"biyoloži\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"بیولوژی\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Läwenslia\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"jīv vigiāna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kawsay yachay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"biológija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биоло́гия\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bith-eòlas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биологија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"sn\", \"lang\": \"Shona\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ketaupenyu\"}, {\"code\": \"sd\", \"lang\": \"Sindhi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جِياڀياسُ\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"jīwawidyāwa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ජීවවිද්යාව\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biología\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biolojia\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"elimuviumbe\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"fortplantningsbeteende\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolohiya\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"haynayan\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"uyiriyal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"உயிரியல்\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstramu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"జీవశాస్త్రము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ชีววิทยา\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyoloji\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"dirim bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yaşam bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"canlı bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"biolohija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біологія\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"hiatiyaat\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"حیاتیات\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh học\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh vật học\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"lifav\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioleg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywydeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"byologye\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביאָלאָגיע\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàyọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Dudley Loftus\", \"Oxford English Dictionary\", \"Thomas Beddoes\", \"biology\", \"international scientific vocabulary\"], \"word\": \"biology\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biology",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "biology/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with etymology trees\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English learned borrowings from New Latin\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English piecewise doublets\", \"English terms borrowed from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from New Latin\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-\", \"English terms prefixed with bio-\", \"English terms suffixed with -logy\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒlədʒi/4 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Balinese translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Buginese translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Buryat translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dinka translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hakka translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nahuatl translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shona translations\", \"Terms with Sindhi translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\", \"en:Biology\", \"en:Sciences\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abiology\"}, {\"word\": \"actinobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"aerobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"agrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"anthropobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"archaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"astrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"biologese\"}, {\"word\": \"biologistic\"}, {\"word\": \"biostitute\"}, {\"word\": \"chemical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"chemobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"chronobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"conservation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"cosmobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cryobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"cytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"electrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"ethnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary biology\"}, {\"word\": \"evolutionary developmental biology\"}, {\"word\": \"exobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"forensic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"geobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"geomicrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"glycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"gnotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"heliobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"hydrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"idiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"immunobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"limnobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"macrobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"magnetobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"marine biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mechanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"metallobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"molecular biology\"}, {\"word\": \"mycobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"myobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nanobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"neurobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"nonbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"oncobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"optobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"palaeobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"paleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"parabiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pathobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"photobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"phytobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"population biology\"}, {\"word\": \"protobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"pseudobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"psychobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiation biology\"}, {\"word\": \"radiobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"saprobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"scotobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sialobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"sociobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"soil microbiology\"}, {\"word\": \"space biology\"}, {\"word\": \"speleobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"structural biology\"}, {\"word\": \"synthetic biology\"}, {\"word\": \"systems biology\"}, {\"word\": \"topobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"xenobiology\"}, {\"word\": \"zoobiology\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"lbor\", \"3\": \"NL.>biologia>biology\", \"id\": \"life science\", \"tree\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\", \"name\": \"etymon\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la-new\", \"3\": \"biologia\"}, \"expansion\": \"Borrowed from New Latin biologia\", \"name\": \"bor+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"βίος\", \"3\": \"λογία\", \"gloss1\": \"bio-, life\", \"gloss2\": \"-logy, branch of study, to speak\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”)\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"+af\", \"2\": \"en\", \"3\": \"bio-\", \"4\": \"-logy\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, bio- + -logy\", \"name\": \"surf\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"el\", \"2\": \"βιολογία\"}, \"expansion\": \"Greek βιολογία (viología)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"biologie\"}, \"expansion\": \"French biologie\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"zoology\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piecewise doublet of zoology\", \"name\": \"piecewise doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Etymology tree\\nProto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.\\nAncient Greek βίος (bíos)\\nProto-Indo-European *leǵ-\\nProto-Indo-European *loǵ-o-s\\nAncient Greek λόγος (lógos)\\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā)\\nAncient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logíā)bor.\\nLatin -logia\\nNew Latin biologialbor.\\nEnglish biology\\nBorrowed from New Latin biologia (1766), itself from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + -λογία (-logía, “-logy, branch of study, to speak”). By surface analysis, bio- + -logy.\\nIn English, first attested in the modern meaning in the work of English physician Thomas Beddoes in 1799. The term is also recorded in the sense of a biographical history in the work of Dudley Loftus in 1686, but this is considered by the Oxford English Dictionary to be an isolated use. The modern Greek βιολογία (viología) is borrowed from the English term and French biologie via international scientific vocabulary. Piecewise doublet of zoology.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"biologies\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"biology (countable and uncountable, plural biologies)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"natural science\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"science\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"zoology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"botany\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cytology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"microbiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"anatomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"physiology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ciliatology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genetics\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"biological\"}, {\"word\": \"biologically\"}, {\"word\": \"biologic\"}, {\"word\": \"biologism\"}, {\"word\": \"biologist\"}, {\"word\": \"biologize\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"life\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"cell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organelle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organ\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"individual\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"population\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"ecosystem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biosphere\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"homeostasis\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"metabolism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"species\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxonomy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"taxon\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"organic compound\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"evolution\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"domain\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"kingdom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"phylum\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"class\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"order\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"family\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"genus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \":Category:Biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"List of biology disciplines on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"Outline of biology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2012 January 2, Robert M. Pringle, “How to Be Manipulative”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2013-10-03, page 31:\", \"text\": \"As in much of biology, the most satisfying truths in ecology derive from manipulative experimentation. Tinker with nature and quantify how it responds.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of all life or living matter.\"], \"links\": [[\"life\", \"life\"], [\"living\", \"living\"], [\"matter\", \"matter\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q420\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"life science\"}, {\"word\": \"life sciences\"}, {\"word\": \"lifelore\"}, {\"word\": \"biology\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q420\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1893, “Prizes for original work with the microscope”, in Proceedings of the American Microscopical Society, volume 14, page 38:\", \"text\": \"The object of these prizes is to stimulate and encourage original investigation by the aid of the microscope in the biology of North America, and, while the competition is open to all, it is especially commended to advanced students in biology in such of our universities and colleges as furnish opportunity for suitable work.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The living organisms of a particular region.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"the biology of the whale\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism.\"], \"links\": [[\"organism\", \"organism\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1912, J. H. Rose, C[harles] H[arold] Herford, E[dward] C[arter] K[earsey] Gonner, M[ichael] E[rnest] Sadler, Germany in the Nineteenth Century: Five Lectures, Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, Inc., page 67:\", \"text\": \"That a Town has a biology of its own has been, since Freeman and Green, a familiar idea to us. But it was not in England, with its old established central governments, that the idea was likely to arise; and we know what the local history of our old antiquaries was like.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A biographical history.\"], \"links\": [[\"biographical\", \"biographical#Noun\"], [\"history\", \"history#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) A biographical history.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bī-ŏl′-əjē\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-biology.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg/En-us-biology.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-biology.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒlədʒi\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"biology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:biology\", \"word\": \"lifelore\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologji\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕilm al-ʔaḥyāʔ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"عِلْم اَلْأَحْيَاء\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"biyulūjiyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"بِيُولُوجِيَا\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaḥya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"أحيا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kensabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"կենսաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"ziw biggan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীৱ বিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"aii\", \"lang\": \"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic\", \"roman\": \"yulpan ḳāyuta\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ܝܘܼܠܦܵܢ ܚܲܝܘܼܬܵܐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologiya\"}, {\"code\": \"ban\", \"lang\": \"Balinese\", \"roman\": \"jiwawidya\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᬚᬶᬯᬯᬶᬤ᭄ᬬ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijalóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біяло́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bijoljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біёлё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"bioljóhija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Taraškievica\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біолё́гія\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"jibbiggên\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"জীববিজ্ঞান\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bevoniezh\"}, {\"code\": \"bug\", \"lang\": \"Buginese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᨅᨗᨕᨚᨒᨚᨁᨗ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"biologija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биология\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"jiwa.beda.\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ဇီဝဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"bua\", \"lang\": \"Buryat\", \"roman\": \"amin šudalal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"амин шудалал\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"saang¹ mat⁹ hok⁹\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"hak\", \"lang\": \"Hakka Chinese\", \"roman\": \"sâng-vu̍t-ho̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"seng-bu̍t-ha̍k\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物學\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shēngwùxué\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywonieth\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"dirumābehē ilmu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ދިރުމާބެހޭ އިލްމު\"}, {\"code\": \"din\", \"lang\": \"Dinka\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"piöcëpïr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloogia\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"eluteadus\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"vɔbõnkarẽŋrɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lívfrøði\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloxía\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ბიოლოგია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"viología\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"βιολογία\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologii\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"uumassusililerineq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"જીવવિજ્ઞાન\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kālaimeaola\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"biologia\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביולוגיה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvijñān\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"जीवविज्ञान\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jīvvidyā\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"जीवविद्या\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"líffræði\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologio\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ilmu hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"oomassosiqartoliriniq\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ᐆᒪᔅᓱᓯᖃᕐᑐᓕᕆᓂᖅ\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bitheolaíocht\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいぶつがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seibutsugaku\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"生物学\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ಜೀವಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"chiivea vityie\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ជីវវិទ្យា\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"saengmulhak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"생물학\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"jînnasî\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ژینناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolojî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"jiyannasî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"zîndewerzanî\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"sī wa sāt\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ຊີວະສາດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioloģija\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kaji hayat\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstraṁ\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ജീവശാസ്ത്രം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bioloġija\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bea-oaylleeaght\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"mātauranga koiora\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"jīvśāstra\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"जीवशास्त्र\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"биологи\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амин судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"english\": \"esp China\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amʹd bodisyn sudlal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"амьд бодисын судлал\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"biologi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amin sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"amidu bodis-ün sudulul\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ\"}, {\"code\": \"nah\", \"lang\": \"Nahuatl\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yolizmatiliztli\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"žwandpohəna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ژوندپوهنه\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"zist-šenâsi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"زیستشناسی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"biyoloži\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"بیولوژی\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Läwenslia\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"jīv vigiāna\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"kawsay yachay\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"biológija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биоло́гия\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologie\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bith-eòlas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"биологија\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"sn\", \"lang\": \"Shona\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ketaupenyu\"}, {\"code\": \"sd\", \"lang\": \"Sindhi\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جِياڀياسُ\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"jīwawidyāwa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ජීවවිද්යාව\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biológia\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologija\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biología\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biolojia\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"elimuviumbe\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"biologi\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"fortplantningsbeteende\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyolohiya\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"haynayan\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"uyiriyal\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"உயிரியல்\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"jīvaśāstramu\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"జీవశాస్త్రము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chii-wá-wít-tá-yaa\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"ชีววิทยา\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"biyoloji\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"dirim bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"yaşam bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"canlı bilimi\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"biolohija\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"біологія\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"hiatiyaat\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"حیاتیات\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh học\"}, {\"alt\": \"生物學\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"sinh vật học\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"lifav\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bioleg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bywydeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"byologye\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביאָלאָגיע\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"study of living matter\", \"word\": \"bàyọ́lọ́jì\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"structure, function, and behavior of an organism or type of organism\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"biologia\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Dudley Loftus\", \"Oxford English Dictionary\", \"Thomas Beddoes\", \"biology\", \"international scientific vocabulary\"], \"word\": \"biology\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "biology",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.