See 昆布 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "綸布",
"2": "green ribbon + cloth",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "綸布 (OC *kruːn paːs, “green ribbon + cloth”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier 綸布 (OC *kruːn paːs, “green ribbon + cloth”), due to the resemblance in appearance (Erya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "綸布"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "昆布",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Traditional Chinese medicine",
"orig": "zh:Traditional Chinese medicine",
"parents": [
"Alternative medicine",
"Medicine",
"Pseudoscience",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 39 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 38 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"seaweed; kelp; laminara; ecklonia"
],
"id": "en-昆布-zh-noun-q7VXoD5a",
"links": [
[
"traditional Chinese medicine",
"traditional Chinese medicine"
],
[
"seaweed",
"seaweed"
],
[
"kelp",
"kelp"
],
[
"laminara",
"laminara"
],
[
"ecklonia",
"ecklonia"
]
],
"qualifier": "often in traditional Chinese medicine",
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in traditional Chinese medicine) seaweed; kelp; laminara; ecklonia"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "hǎizǎo",
"word": "海藻"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "昆布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Harbin"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "海菜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "帶皮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "昆布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "帶皮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "海布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "海帶"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kunbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun¹-pu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwūn-bù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenbuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньбу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹbu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwān bou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen¹ bou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qunpox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kwon puH"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Erya"
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "綸布"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "昆布",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Nepal",
"orig": "zh:Places in Nepal",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 39 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 38 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Brown algae",
"orig": "zh:Brown algae",
"parents": [
"Algae",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Khumbu (a region of Nepal)"
],
"id": "en-昆布-zh-name-zzyTXxcx",
"links": [
[
"Khumbu",
"Khumbu#English"
],
[
"Nepal",
"Nepal#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "坤布"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kunbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun¹-pu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwūn-bù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenbuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньбу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹbu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwān bou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen¹ bou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qunpox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kwon puH"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/"
}
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昆布",
"2": "seaweed, kelp"
},
"expansion": "昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ain",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ainu",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ain",
"2": "コムブ",
"t": "a brown seaweed, Laminaria",
"tr": "kombu",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ainu コムブ (kombu, “a brown seaweed, Laminaria”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昆布",
"2": "seaweed, kelp"
},
"expansion": "昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xug",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubū"
},
"expansion": "Kunigami 昆布 (kubū)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kūbu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan 昆布 (kūbu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ams",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Southern Amami Ōshima 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mvi",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Miyako 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rys",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Yaeyama 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First cited to a record in the Shoku Nihongi, written 715 CE.\nTheories include:\n* From Middle Chinese 昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”).\n* From Ainu, possibly via Ainu コムブ (kombu, “a brown seaweed, Laminaria”), which may also be borrowed from Middle Chinese 昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”).\nThe early date of first citation, and the existence already in 715 of the kanji spelling 昆布, seems to make a Chinese derivation more likely. See the Wikipedia article about kombu for additional etymology details.\nCognates among the Ryukyuan languages include Kunigami 昆布 (kubū), Okinawan 昆布 (kūbu), Southern Amami Ōshima 昆布 (kubu), Miyako 昆布 (kubu), and Yaeyama 昆布 (kubu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆",
"こん"
],
[
"布",
"ぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布",
"コンブ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konbu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんぶ",
"2": "コンブ"
},
"expansion": "昆(こん)布(ぶ) or 昆布(コンブ) • (konbu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 39 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 38 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Seafood",
"orig": "ja:Seafood",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "kombu noshi",
"roman": "konbu no noshi",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布",
"こんぶ"
],
[
"熨斗",
"のし"
]
],
"text": "昆布の熨斗",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kombu, kelp, tangle, laminara"
],
"id": "en-昆布-ja-noun-s1HpdXCF",
"links": [
[
"kombu",
"kombu"
],
[
"kelp",
"kelp"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle"
],
[
"laminara",
"laminara"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こんぶ"
},
{
"ipa": "[kõ̞mbɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"John Batchelor (missionary)",
"Kombu",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shoku Nihongi"
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆",
"こ"
],
[
"布",
"ぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kobu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こぶ"
},
"expansion": "昆(こ)布(ぶ) • (kobu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 39 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 38 15 15",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Brown algae",
"orig": "ja:Brown algae",
"parents": [
"Algae",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kobujime",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布締",
"こぶじ"
]
],
"word": "昆布締め"
}
],
"glosses": [
"same as above"
],
"id": "en-昆布-ja-noun--HqgxulJ",
"related": [
{
"roman": "hirome",
"ruby": [
[
"広布",
"ひろめ"
]
],
"word": "広布"
},
{
"roman": "ebisume",
"word": "えびすめ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "above"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こぶ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞bɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 布",
"Chinese terms spelled with 昆",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Brown algae",
"ja:Seafood",
"zh:Brown algae"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "綸布",
"2": "green ribbon + cloth",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "綸布 (OC *kruːn paːs, “green ribbon + cloth”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier 綸布 (OC *kruːn paːs, “green ribbon + cloth”), due to the resemblance in appearance (Erya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "綸布"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "昆布",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "hǎizǎo",
"word": "海藻"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Traditional Chinese medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"seaweed; kelp; laminara; ecklonia"
],
"links": [
[
"traditional Chinese medicine",
"traditional Chinese medicine"
],
[
"seaweed",
"seaweed"
],
[
"kelp",
"kelp"
],
[
"laminara",
"laminara"
],
[
"ecklonia",
"ecklonia"
]
],
"qualifier": "often in traditional Chinese medicine",
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in traditional Chinese medicine) seaweed; kelp; laminara; ecklonia"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kunbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun¹-pu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwūn-bù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenbuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньбу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹbu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwān bou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen¹ bou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qunpox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kwon puH"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "昆布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Harbin"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Muping",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "海菜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xining"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "帶皮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "昆布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "帶皮"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Jixi"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "海布"
},
{
"tags": [
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Chongming",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "海帶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "海帶"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Erya"
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 布",
"Chinese terms spelled with 昆",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Brown algae",
"ja:Seafood",
"zh:Brown algae"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "綸布"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "昆布",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Places in Nepal"
],
"glosses": [
"Khumbu (a region of Nepal)"
],
"links": [
[
"Khumbu",
"Khumbu#English"
],
[
"Nepal",
"Nepal#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨㄣ ㄅㄨˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kūnbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kunbù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻun¹-pu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwūn-bù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kuenbuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "куньбу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kunʹbu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kwān bou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kwan¹ bou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "kuen¹ bou³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pò͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khun-pòo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qunpox"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kwon puH"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ pou̯³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "坤布"
}
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Brown algae",
"ja:Seafood"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昆布",
"2": "seaweed, kelp"
},
"expansion": "昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ain",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ainu",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ain",
"2": "コムブ",
"t": "a brown seaweed, Laminaria",
"tr": "kombu",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Ainu コムブ (kombu, “a brown seaweed, Laminaria”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "昆布",
"2": "seaweed, kelp"
},
"expansion": "昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xug",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubū"
},
"expansion": "Kunigami 昆布 (kubū)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kūbu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan 昆布 (kūbu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ams",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Southern Amami Ōshima 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mvi",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Miyako 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rys",
"2": "昆布",
"tr": "kubu"
},
"expansion": "Yaeyama 昆布 (kubu)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First cited to a record in the Shoku Nihongi, written 715 CE.\nTheories include:\n* From Middle Chinese 昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”).\n* From Ainu, possibly via Ainu コムブ (kombu, “a brown seaweed, Laminaria”), which may also be borrowed from Middle Chinese 昆布 (MC kwon puH, “seaweed, kelp”).\nThe early date of first citation, and the existence already in 715 of the kanji spelling 昆布, seems to make a Chinese derivation more likely. See the Wikipedia article about kombu for additional etymology details.\nCognates among the Ryukyuan languages include Kunigami 昆布 (kubū), Okinawan 昆布 (kūbu), Southern Amami Ōshima 昆布 (kubu), Miyako 昆布 (kubu), and Yaeyama 昆布 (kubu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆",
"こん"
],
[
"布",
"ぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布",
"コンブ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "konbu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こんぶ",
"2": "コンブ"
},
"expansion": "昆(こん)布(ぶ) or 昆布(コンブ) • (konbu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "kombu noshi",
"roman": "konbu no noshi",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布",
"こんぶ"
],
[
"熨斗",
"のし"
]
],
"text": "昆布の熨斗",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kombu, kelp, tangle, laminara"
],
"links": [
[
"kombu",
"kombu"
],
[
"kelp",
"kelp"
],
[
"tangle",
"tangle"
],
[
"laminara",
"laminara"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こんぶ"
},
{
"ipa": "[kõ̞mbɯ̟]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"John Batchelor (missionary)",
"Kombu",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Shoku Nihongi"
],
"word": "昆布"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Brown algae",
"ja:Seafood"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kobujime",
"ruby": [
[
"昆布締",
"こぶじ"
]
],
"word": "昆布締め"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "昆布",
"ruby": [
[
"昆",
"こ"
],
[
"布",
"ぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kobu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こぶ"
},
"expansion": "昆(こ)布(ぶ) • (kobu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "hirome",
"ruby": [
[
"広布",
"ひろめ"
]
],
"word": "広布"
},
{
"roman": "ebisume",
"word": "えびすめ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"same as above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "above"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こぶ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞bɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "昆布"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 昆布 meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"昆布"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "昆布",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.