See 支那 on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "zh:Buddhism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "支那"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支%那",
"2": "^し%な",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "支(し)那(な) (Shina)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^지나(支那)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "支那",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Chi Na",
"bor": "1",
"id": "支那",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "支那"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支那",
"2": "^し%な",
"3": "^지나",
"4": "Chi Na",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "支那",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "支那",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "支%那",
"v": "支那",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^し%な",
"3": "^지나",
"4": "Chi Na",
"j": "支%那"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चीन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चीन (cīna)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "och",
"3": "秦"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "晉"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 晉 (tsinᴴ)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "晉"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 晉 (*ʔsins)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Zhengzhang, 2006"
},
"expansion": "Zhengzhang, 2006",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "China"
},
"expansion": "English China",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit चीन (cīna), which in turn is likely from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin), but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn, “Jin”) < Middle Chinese 晉 (tsinᴴ) < Old Chinese 晉 (*ʔsins) (Zhengzhang, 2006), 荊 /荆 (jīng, “Jing”), or the Zina of 夜郎 (Yèláng, “Yelang”). Cognate with English China. See \"Names of China\", \"Chinas\" and \"Shina (word)\" at Wikipedia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "脂那"
},
{
"form": "至那"
},
{
"form": "芝那"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Jiāozhǐ-Zhīnà",
"word": "交趾支那"
},
{
"roman": "Yìndù-Zhīnà",
"word": "印度支那"
},
{
"roman": "zhīyǔ",
"word": "支語"
},
{
"roman": "zhīyǔ",
"word": "支语"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàrén",
"word": "支那人"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàyǔ",
"word": "支那語"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàyǔ",
"word": "支那语"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàtōng",
"word": "支那通"
},
{
"roman": "zhì Tái zhīnàrén",
"word": "滯臺支那人"
},
{
"roman": "zhì Tái zhīnàrén",
"word": "滞台支那人"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"word": "貴支"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"word": "贵支"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "China suffered from the Manchurian Qing tyranny in the past, and so the people of the nation rose up, overthrew the autocrat and established the republic.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1914, Sun Yat-sen, 《致日本首相大隈重信勸助中國革命函》",
"roman": "Zhīnà nǎng zhě kǔ Mǎnqīng nüèzhèng, guómín gòng qǐ gé zhuānzhì wèi gònghé.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "支那曩者苦滿清虐政，國民共起革專制為共和。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "China suffered from the Manchurian Qing tyranny in the past, and so the people of the nation rose up, overthrew the autocrat and established the republic.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1914, Sun Yat-sen, 《致日本首相大隈重信勸助中國革命函》",
"roman": "Zhīnà nǎng zhě kǔ Mǎnqīng nüèzhèng, guómín gòng qǐ gé zhuānzhì wèi gònghé.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "支那曩者苦满清虐政，国民共起革专制为共和。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"China"
],
"id": "en-支那-zh-name-EENoKQMv",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(originally neutral, now derogatory and offensive) China"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "Zhèndàn",
"word": "震旦"
},
{
"word": "中國"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "中"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnggòng",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggòngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共國"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggòngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngyuán",
"word": "中原"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngguó",
"word": "中國"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngguó",
"word": "中国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnghuá",
"word": "中華"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnghuá",
"word": "中华"
},
{
"roman": "Jiǔzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "九州"
},
{
"roman": "Tángshān",
"word": "唐山"
},
{
"roman": "yùzhōng",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "域中"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "大朝"
},
{
"english": "lofty",
"roman": "tiānxià",
"word": "天下"
},
{
"roman": "Tiāncháo",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"historical"
],
"word": "天朝"
},
{
"roman": "qìdì",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "契弟"
},
{
"roman": "Déyòu",
"tags": [
"Myanmar"
],
"word": "德祐"
},
{
"roman": "Táohuāshí",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "桃花石"
},
{
"roman": "qiángguó",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "牆國"
},
{
"roman": "qiángguó",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "墙国"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of English China"
],
"roman": "Cāiná",
"tags": [
"transliteration"
],
"word": "猜拿"
},
{
"roman": "zǔguó",
"word": "祖國"
},
{
"roman": "zǔguó",
"word": "祖国"
},
{
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "神土"
},
{
"roman": "Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神州"
},
{
"roman": "Zhònghuājiā",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "種花家"
},
{
"roman": "Zhònghuājiā",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "种花家"
},
{
"roman": "zhōngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "終國"
},
{
"roman": "zhōngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "终国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhīnà",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "脂那"
},
{
"roman": "Zhìnà",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "至那"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "華"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "华"
},
{
"roman": "Huáxià",
"word": "華夏"
},
{
"roman": "Huáxià",
"word": "华夏"
},
{
"roman": "chóngguó",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "虫國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "蚛蟈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "蚛蝈"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūxià",
"word": "諸夏"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūxià",
"word": "诸夏"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūhuá",
"word": "諸華"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūhuá",
"word": "诸华"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mainland-China",
"derogatory",
"neologism",
"offensive",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "貴支"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mainland-China",
"derogatory",
"neologism",
"offensive",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "贵支"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"derogatory",
"humorous",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "贏國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"derogatory",
"humorous",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "赢国"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤縣"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤县"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤縣神州"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤县神州"
},
{
"roman": "Zhèndàn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "震旦"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jhihnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Chih¹-na⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jr̄-nà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jynah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Чжина"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Čžina"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jī nàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zii^ˊ na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Tsi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cinar"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^平 na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsr-na"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsye na"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chinas",
"Names of China",
"Shina (word)"
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "zh:Buddhism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "脂那"
},
{
"form": "至那"
},
{
"form": "芝那"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "zh:Places in China",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Yunnan, China",
"orig": "zh:Places in Yunnan, China",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Townships",
"orig": "zh:Townships",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 52 18 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 67 12 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Derogatory names for countries",
"orig": "zh:Derogatory names for countries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Zhina (a township in Yingjiang, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)"
],
"id": "en-支那-zh-name-Qt56RwU5",
"links": [
[
"鄉",
"鄉#Chinese"
],
[
"Zhina",
"Zhina#English"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"Yingjiang",
"Yingjiang#English"
],
[
"Dehong",
"Dehong#English"
],
[
"Yunnan",
"Yunnan#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～鄉) Zhina (a township in Yingjiang, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jhihnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Chih¹-na⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jr̄-nà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jynah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Чжина"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Čžina"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jī nàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zii^ˊ na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Tsi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cinar"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^平 na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsr-na"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsye na"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/"
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "East China Sea",
"roman": "Higashi Shina Kai",
"ruby": [
[
"東",
"ひがし"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"海",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "東支那海"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "South China Sea",
"roman": "Minami Shina Kai",
"ruby": [
[
"南",
"みなみ"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"海",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "南支那海"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Chinese noodles, ramen",
"roman": "Shina soba",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"蕎",
"そ"
],
[
"麦",
"ば"
]
],
"word": "支那蕎麦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "menma (cooked bamboo sprout, a kind of ramen topping)",
"roman": "Shina chiku",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"竹",
"ちく"
]
],
"word": "支那竹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Chinese white dolphin",
"roman": "Shina usuiro iruka",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"薄",
"うす"
],
[
"色",
"いろ"
],
[
"海豚",
"いるか"
]
],
"word": "支那薄色海豚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Cochin China",
"roman": "Kōchi Shina",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"趾",
"ち"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"word": "交趾支那"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支那",
"2": "",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "支那 (MC tsye na)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चीन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चीन (cīna)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "och",
"3": "秦"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 支那 (MC tsye na), a phonetic transcription of Sanskrit चीन (cīna), itself likely deriving from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin), the name of the Qin Dynasty and the Qin state.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "支那",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "支那",
"ruby": [
[
"支那",
"シナ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しな",
"3": "シナ"
},
"expansion": "支(し)那(な) or 支那(シナ) • (Shina)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese ethnic slurs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "China",
"orig": "ja:China",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Derogatory names for countries",
"orig": "ja:Derogatory names for countries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"China"
],
"id": "en-支那-ja-name-EENoKQMv",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"qualifier": "prewar; often considered derogatory; prewar; often considered derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(prewar, often considered derogatory, offensive in modern speech, ethnic slur) China"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in modern speech"
],
"tags": [
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese ethnic slurs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Derogatory names for countries",
"orig": "ja:Derogatory names for countries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ryukyuan people"
],
"id": "en-支那-ja-name-bqEXAF8z",
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Ryukyuan",
"Ryukyuan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, ethnic slur) Ryukyuan people"
],
"tags": [
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕina̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Qin (state)",
"Qin Dynasty",
"Shina (word)",
"ja:支那"
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "지나",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(prewar, often considered derogatory in modern speech) China”)",
"word": "지나"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 지나 (“(prewar, often considered derogatory in modern speech) China”)"
],
"id": "en-支那-ko-name-LWUs7c0-",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"지나",
"지나#Korean"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1922, Trương Cam Lựu 張甘榴, Tây Nam nhị thập bát hiếu diễn ca 西南二十八孝演歌 [Versified Songs of the Twenty-Eight Filial Exemplars of the Southwest], pg. 23b\n支那𱺵渃艚\nChi Na là nước Tàu\n\"China\" is China.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Chi Na (“China”)."
],
"id": "en-支那-vi-name-P68at7ZI",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Chi Na",
"Chi Na#Vietnamese:_支那"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
]
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Chinese terms spelled with 支",
"Chinese terms spelled with 那",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Buddhism",
"zh:Derogatory names for countries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Jiāozhǐ-Zhīnà",
"word": "交趾支那"
},
{
"roman": "Yìndù-Zhīnà",
"word": "印度支那"
},
{
"roman": "zhīyǔ",
"word": "支語"
},
{
"roman": "zhīyǔ",
"word": "支语"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàrén",
"word": "支那人"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàyǔ",
"word": "支那語"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàyǔ",
"word": "支那语"
},
{
"roman": "zhīnàtōng",
"word": "支那通"
},
{
"roman": "zhì Tái zhīnàrén",
"word": "滯臺支那人"
},
{
"roman": "zhì Tái zhīnàrén",
"word": "滞台支那人"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"word": "貴支"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"word": "贵支"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "支那"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支%那",
"2": "^し%な",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "支(し)那(な) (Shina)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "^지나(支那)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "支那",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"pos": "",
"pos2": "",
"pos3": "",
"pos4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Chi Na",
"bor": "1",
"id": "支那",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "支那"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支那",
"2": "^し%な",
"3": "^지나",
"4": "Chi Na",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "支那",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "支那",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "支%那",
"v": "支那",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "^し%な",
"3": "^지나",
"4": "Chi Na",
"j": "支%那"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (支那):\n* → Japanese: 支(し)那(な) (Shina)\n* → Korean: 지나(支那) (Jina)\n* → Vietnamese: Chi Na (支那)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चीन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चीन (cīna)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "och",
"3": "秦"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "晉"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 晉 (tsinᴴ)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "晉"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 晉 (*ʔsins)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Zhengzhang, 2006"
},
"expansion": "Zhengzhang, 2006",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "China"
},
"expansion": "English China",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit चीन (cīna), which in turn is likely from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin), but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn, “Jin”) < Middle Chinese 晉 (tsinᴴ) < Old Chinese 晉 (*ʔsins) (Zhengzhang, 2006), 荊 /荆 (jīng, “Jing”), or the Zina of 夜郎 (Yèláng, “Yelang”). Cognate with English China. See \"Names of China\", \"Chinas\" and \"Shina (word)\" at Wikipedia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "脂那"
},
{
"form": "至那"
},
{
"form": "芝那"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "Zhèndàn",
"word": "震旦"
},
{
"word": "中國"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese derogatory terms",
"Chinese offensive terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "China suffered from the Manchurian Qing tyranny in the past, and so the people of the nation rose up, overthrew the autocrat and established the republic.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1914, Sun Yat-sen, 《致日本首相大隈重信勸助中國革命函》",
"roman": "Zhīnà nǎng zhě kǔ Mǎnqīng nüèzhèng, guómín gòng qǐ gé zhuānzhì wèi gònghé.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "支那曩者苦滿清虐政，國民共起革專制為共和。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "China suffered from the Manchurian Qing tyranny in the past, and so the people of the nation rose up, overthrew the autocrat and established the republic.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1914, Sun Yat-sen, 《致日本首相大隈重信勸助中國革命函》",
"roman": "Zhīnà nǎng zhě kǔ Mǎnqīng nüèzhèng, guómín gòng qǐ gé zhuānzhì wèi gònghé.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "支那曩者苦满清虐政，国民共起革专制为共和。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"China"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(originally neutral, now derogatory and offensive) China"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"offensive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jhihnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Chih¹-na⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jr̄-nà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jynah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Чжина"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Čžina"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jī nàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zii^ˊ na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Tsi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cinar"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^平 na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsr-na"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsye na"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "中"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnggòng",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggòngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共國"
},
{
"roman": "zhōnggòngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "中共国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngyuán",
"word": "中原"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngguó",
"word": "中國"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōngguó",
"word": "中国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnghuá",
"word": "中華"
},
{
"roman": "Zhōnghuá",
"word": "中华"
},
{
"roman": "Jiǔzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "九州"
},
{
"roman": "Tángshān",
"word": "唐山"
},
{
"roman": "yùzhōng",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "域中"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "大朝"
},
{
"english": "lofty",
"roman": "tiānxià",
"word": "天下"
},
{
"roman": "Tiāncháo",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"historical"
],
"word": "天朝"
},
{
"roman": "qìdì",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "契弟"
},
{
"roman": "Déyòu",
"tags": [
"Myanmar"
],
"word": "德祐"
},
{
"roman": "Táohuāshí",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "桃花石"
},
{
"roman": "qiángguó",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "牆國"
},
{
"roman": "qiángguó",
"tags": [
"Taiwan",
"derogatory",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "墙国"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of English China"
],
"roman": "Cāiná",
"tags": [
"transliteration"
],
"word": "猜拿"
},
{
"roman": "zǔguó",
"word": "祖國"
},
{
"roman": "zǔguó",
"word": "祖国"
},
{
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "神土"
},
{
"roman": "Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "神州"
},
{
"roman": "Zhònghuājiā",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "種花家"
},
{
"roman": "Zhònghuājiā",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "种花家"
},
{
"roman": "zhōngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "終國"
},
{
"roman": "zhōngguó",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "终国"
},
{
"roman": "Zhīnà",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "脂那"
},
{
"roman": "Zhìnà",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "至那"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "華"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "华"
},
{
"roman": "Huáxià",
"word": "華夏"
},
{
"roman": "Huáxià",
"word": "华夏"
},
{
"roman": "chóngguó",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "虫國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "蚛蟈"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"offensive"
],
"word": "蚛蝈"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūxià",
"word": "諸夏"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūxià",
"word": "诸夏"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūhuá",
"word": "諸華"
},
{
"roman": "Zhūhuá",
"word": "诸华"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mainland-China",
"derogatory",
"neologism",
"offensive",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "貴支"
},
{
"roman": "guìzhī",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"Mainland-China",
"derogatory",
"neologism",
"offensive",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "贵支"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"derogatory",
"humorous",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "贏國"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"derogatory",
"humorous",
"sarcastic"
],
"word": "赢国"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤縣"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤县"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤縣神州"
},
{
"roman": "Chìxiàn Shénzhōu",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "赤县神州"
},
{
"roman": "Zhèndàn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "震旦"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Chinas",
"Names of China",
"Shina (word)"
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 支",
"Chinese terms spelled with 那",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Buddhism",
"zh:Derogatory names for countries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "脂那"
},
{
"form": "至那"
},
{
"form": "芝那"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Places in China",
"zh:Places in Yunnan, China",
"zh:Townships"
],
"glosses": [
"Zhina (a township in Yingjiang, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)"
],
"links": [
[
"鄉",
"鄉#Chinese"
],
[
"Zhina",
"Zhina#English"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"Yingjiang",
"Yingjiang#English"
],
[
"Dehong",
"Dehong#English"
],
[
"Yunnan",
"Yunnan#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～鄉) Zhina (a township in Yingjiang, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Zhīnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓ ㄋㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jhihnà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Chih¹-na⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jr̄-nà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Jynah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Чжина"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "Čžina"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jī nàh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi¹ naa⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "Chṳ̂-na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zii^ˊ na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "zi¹ na⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "Chi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "Tsi-ná"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "cinar"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsy-na"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^平 na"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹tsr-na"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Wu"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsye na"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː⁵⁵ naː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ na⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si³³ nã⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ nã⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ na²¹/"
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:China",
"ja:Derogatory names for countries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "East China Sea",
"roman": "Higashi Shina Kai",
"ruby": [
[
"東",
"ひがし"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"海",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "東支那海"
},
{
"english": "South China Sea",
"roman": "Minami Shina Kai",
"ruby": [
[
"南",
"みなみ"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"海",
"かい"
]
],
"word": "南支那海"
},
{
"english": "Chinese noodles, ramen",
"roman": "Shina soba",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"蕎",
"そ"
],
[
"麦",
"ば"
]
],
"word": "支那蕎麦"
},
{
"english": "menma (cooked bamboo sprout, a kind of ramen topping)",
"roman": "Shina chiku",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"竹",
"ちく"
]
],
"word": "支那竹"
},
{
"english": "Chinese white dolphin",
"roman": "Shina usuiro iruka",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
],
[
"薄",
"うす"
],
[
"色",
"いろ"
],
[
"海豚",
"いるか"
]
],
"word": "支那薄色海豚"
},
{
"english": "Cochin China",
"roman": "Kōchi Shina",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"趾",
"ち"
],
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"word": "交趾支那"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支那",
"2": "",
"id": "1,1"
},
"expansion": "支那 (MC tsye na)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चीन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चीन (cīna)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "och",
"3": "秦"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 支那 (MC tsye na), a phonetic transcription of Sanskrit चीन (cīna), itself likely deriving from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin), the name of the Qin Dynasty and the Qin state.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "支那",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "支那",
"ruby": [
[
"支那",
"シナ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Shina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "しな",
"3": "シナ"
},
"expansion": "支(し)那(な) or 支那(シナ) • (Shina)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese derogatory terms",
"Japanese ethnic slurs",
"Japanese offensive terms"
],
"glosses": [
"China"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"qualifier": "prewar; often considered derogatory; prewar; often considered derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(prewar, often considered derogatory, offensive in modern speech, ethnic slur) China"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in modern speech"
],
"tags": [
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese ethnic slurs",
"Japanese offensive terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Ryukyuan people"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Ryukyuan",
"Ryukyuan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, ethnic slur) Ryukyuan people"
],
"tags": [
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕina̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten",
"Qin (state)",
"Qin Dynasty",
"Shina (word)",
"ja:支那"
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "지나",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean proper nouns",
"Korean proper nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(prewar, often considered derogatory in modern speech) China”)",
"word": "지나"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 지나 (“(prewar, often considered derogatory in modern speech) China”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"지나",
"지나#Korean"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "支那",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese proper nouns",
"Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script",
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1922, Trương Cam Lựu 張甘榴, Tây Nam nhị thập bát hiếu diễn ca 西南二十八孝演歌 [Versified Songs of the Twenty-Eight Filial Exemplars of the Southwest], pg. 23b\n支那𱺵渃艚\nChi Na là nước Tàu\n\"China\" is China.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Chi Na (“China”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Chi Na",
"Chi Na#Vietnamese:_支那"
],
[
"China",
"China"
]
]
}
],
"word": "支那"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 支那 meaning in All languages combined (21.7kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～鄉",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～鄉",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "支那",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "支那",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"支那"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "支那",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.