See 中国 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 中国 meaning in All languages combined (16.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Chinese language",
"roman": "Chūgoku-go",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "中国語"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Chinese person/people",
"roman": "Chūgoku-jin",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "中国人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Chinese cuisine",
"roman": "Chūgoku ryōri",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"理",
"り"
]
],
"word": "中国料理"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1",
"lit": "central country"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "中國",
"tr": "zung¹ gwok³"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung¹ gwok³)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung¹ gwok³). Attested from at least the 12th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (Chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Chūka",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"華",
"か"
]
],
"word": "中華"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "used before World War II",
"roman": "Shina",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"offensive"
],
"word": "支那"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 11 7 1 14 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 17 9 9 2 12 6 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 46 5 1 1 0 0 1 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "China",
"orig": "ja:China",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Judging from the appearance [of the statue], it is not unlike those in China, though the face resembles the northern nations.",
"ref": "c. 1120, Konjaku monogatari shū [Tales of Times Now Past], scroll 6",
"ruby": [
[
"造",
"つく"
],
[
"奉",
"まつ"
],
[
"体",
"すがた"
],
[
"見",
"み"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"國",
"ごく"
],
[
"不",
"ふ"
],
[
"似",
"に"
],
[
"面",
"めん"
],
[
"胡",
"こ"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"似",
"に"
]
],
"text": "造り奉れる体を見るに、中國には不似ず、面[めう]胡国に似たり。\nTsukuri matsureru sugata o miru ni, Chūgoku ni wa fu-nizu, men[meu] kokoku ni nitari."
}
],
"glosses": [
"China",
"any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "殷"
},
{
"word": "周"
},
{
"word": "秦"
},
{
"word": "漢"
},
{
"word": "唐"
},
{
"word": "中華民国"
}
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-name-9Qsv-cw7",
"links": [
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"China",
"(historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people"
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"contemporary",
"historical"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China",
"word": "中華人民共和国"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 11 7 1 14 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 43 11 8 6 1 8 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 46 5 1 1 0 0 1 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "China",
"orig": "ja:China",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 25 18 12 11 8 6 5 4",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "ja:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places",
"Asia",
"Polities",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.",
"ref": "1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 27",
"roman": "Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"太",
"た"
],
[
"惑星",
"プラネット"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"text": "クニ？クニってなあに。\nKuni? Kuni tte nāni.\nCountry? What’s a country?\nアメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"China",
"short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-name-n0ATM~y4",
"links": [
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"中華人民共和国",
"中華人民共和国#Japanese"
],
[
"People's Republic of China",
"People's Republic of China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"China",
"(especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in contemporary usage"
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"especially"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Chūgoku chihō",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"方",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"sort": "ちゆうこく",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "province",
"tr1": "chū",
"tr2": "koku"
},
"expansion": "中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "koku",
"2": "goku",
"sort": "ちゆうこく"
},
"expansion": "The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok).\nAnalyzable as a compound of 中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chūgoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the central part of a country, historically, commonly known as the capital city or the main region, where an emperor or other ruler resides"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-noun-~lAEC9EV",
"links": [
[
"central",
"central"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"reside",
"reside"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something within a country"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-noun-CBy4XFzg",
"links": [
[
"within",
"within"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 11 7 1 14 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-noun-JelY5OcS",
"links": [
[
"律令",
"律令#Japanese"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"third",
"third"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-noun-bfUe8Q7r",
"links": [
[
"律令",
"律令#Japanese"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"second",
"second"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"collective term for the 山陽道 (San'yōdō) and 山陰道 (San'indō) regions of Japan"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-noun-5o1mZ1td",
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"term",
"term"
],
[
"山陽道",
"山陽道#Japanese"
],
[
"山陰道",
"山陰道#Japanese"
],
[
"regions",
"regions"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨᵝːɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"sort": "ちゆうこく",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "province",
"tr1": "chū",
"tr2": "koku"
},
"expansion": "中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "koku",
"2": "goku",
"sort": "ちゆうこく"
},
"expansion": "The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok).\nAnalyzable as a compound of 中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (Chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan",
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 11 7 1 14 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 18 10 1 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 21 2 21 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-name-2u0M9if7",
"links": [
[
"中国地方",
"中国地方#Japanese"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨᵝːɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "country",
"tr1": "naka",
"tr2": "kuni"
},
"expansion": "中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 国 (kuni, “country”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 国 (kuni, “country”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Nakakuni",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "なかくに"
},
"expansion": "中(なか)国(くに) • (Nakakuni)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 23 21 11 7 1 14 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 19 17 11 9 1 11 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-中国-ja-name-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "naka tsu kuni",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"word": "中つ国"
}
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "中国",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "中国",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Cunghgoz"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sawndip form of Cunghgoz"
],
"id": "en-中国-za-name-R6gu4fpo",
"links": [
[
"Sawndip",
"Sawndip"
],
[
"Cunghgoz",
"Cunghgoz#Zhuang"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sawndip",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"中國"
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:China",
"ja:Countries in Asia"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Chinese language",
"roman": "Chūgoku-go",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"語",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "中国語"
},
{
"english": "Chinese person/people",
"roman": "Chūgoku-jin",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "中国人"
},
{
"english": "Chinese cuisine",
"roman": "Chūgoku ryōri",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"料",
"りょう"
],
[
"理",
"り"
]
],
"word": "中国料理"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"lang": "ja"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1",
"lit": "central country"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "中國",
"tr": "zung¹ gwok³"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung¹ gwok³)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung¹ gwok³). Attested from at least the 12th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (Chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "Chūka",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"華",
"か"
]
],
"word": "中華"
},
{
"english": "used before World War II",
"roman": "Shina",
"ruby": [
[
"支",
"し"
],
[
"那",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"offensive"
],
"word": "支那"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with historical senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Judging from the appearance [of the statue], it is not unlike those in China, though the face resembles the northern nations.",
"ref": "c. 1120, Konjaku monogatari shū [Tales of Times Now Past], scroll 6",
"ruby": [
[
"造",
"つく"
],
[
"奉",
"まつ"
],
[
"体",
"すがた"
],
[
"見",
"み"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"國",
"ごく"
],
[
"不",
"ふ"
],
[
"似",
"に"
],
[
"面",
"めん"
],
[
"胡",
"こ"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"似",
"に"
]
],
"text": "造り奉れる体を見るに、中國には不似ず、面[めう]胡国に似たり。\nTsukuri matsureru sugata o miru ni, Chūgoku ni wa fu-nizu, men[meu] kokoku ni nitari."
}
],
"glosses": [
"China",
"any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "殷"
},
{
"word": "周"
},
{
"word": "秦"
},
{
"word": "漢"
},
{
"word": "唐"
},
{
"word": "中華民国"
}
],
"links": [
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"kingdom",
"kingdom"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"China",
"(historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people"
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"contemporary",
"historical"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China",
"word": "中華人民共和国"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese short forms",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.",
"ref": "1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, page 27",
"roman": "Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"太",
"た"
],
[
"惑星",
"プラネット"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"text": "クニ？クニってなあに。\nKuni? Kuni tte nāni.\nCountry? What’s a country?\nアメリカとか中国とかいろいろあるじゃない。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"China",
"short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China"
],
"links": [
[
"China",
"China"
],
[
"中華人民共和国",
"中華人民共和国#Japanese"
],
[
"People's Republic of China",
"People's Republic of China"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"China",
"(especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in contemporary usage"
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"especially"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with audio links",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:China",
"ja:Countries in Asia"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "Chūgoku chihō",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"方",
"ほう"
]
],
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"sort": "ちゆうこく",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "province",
"tr1": "chū",
"tr2": "koku"
},
"expansion": "中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "koku",
"2": "goku",
"sort": "ちゆうこく"
},
"expansion": "The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok).\nAnalyzable as a compound of 中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chūgoku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the central part of a country, historically, commonly known as the capital city or the main region, where an emperor or other ruler resides"
],
"links": [
[
"central",
"central"
],
[
"part",
"part"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"reside",
"reside"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something within a country"
],
"links": [
[
"within",
"within"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with historical senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area"
],
"links": [
[
"律令",
"律令#Japanese"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"third",
"third"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with historical senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city"
],
"links": [
[
"律令",
"律令#Japanese"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"second",
"second"
],
[
"distance",
"distance"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"collective term for the 山陽道 (San'yōdō) and 山陰道 (San'indō) regions of Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"term",
"term"
],
[
"山陽道",
"山陽道#Japanese"
],
[
"山陰道",
"山陰道#Japanese"
],
[
"regions",
"regions"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨᵝːɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with audio links",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:China",
"ja:Countries in Asia"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "中國",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "中國 (MC trjuwng kwok)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"sort": "ちゆうこく",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "province",
"tr1": "chū",
"tr2": "koku"
},
"expansion": "中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "koku",
"2": "goku",
"sort": "ちゆうこく"
},
"expansion": "The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"name": "rendaku2"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok).\nAnalyzable as a compound of 中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"国",
"ごく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "ちゅうごく"
},
"expansion": "中(ちゅう)国(ごく) • (Chūgoku)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan",
"word": "中国地方"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"中国地方",
"中国地方#Japanese"
],
[
"Japan",
"Japan"
]
],
"tags": [
"Chūgoku",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"other": "ちゅうごく"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕɨᵝːɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:China",
"ja:Countries in Asia"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "中",
"3": "国",
"t1": "center, middle",
"t2": "country",
"tr1": "naka",
"tr2": "kuni"
},
"expansion": "中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 国 (kuni, “country”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 国 (kuni, “country”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "中国",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Nakakuni",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "なかくに"
},
"expansion": "中(なか)国(くに) • (Nakakuni)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"roman": "naka tsu kuni",
"ruby": [
[
"中",
"なか"
],
[
"国",
"くに"
]
],
"word": "中つ国"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese surnames",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "中国",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "中国",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "Cunghgoz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Zhuang Sawndip forms",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang proper nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Sawndip form of Cunghgoz"
],
"links": [
[
"Sawndip",
"Sawndip"
],
[
"Cunghgoz",
"Cunghgoz#Zhuang"
]
],
"tags": [
"Sawndip",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "中国"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"中国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "中国",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"中国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "中国",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"中国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "中国",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"中国"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "中国",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "中国/Chinese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"中國\"], \"word\": \"中国\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "soft-redirect",
"title": "中国",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.