See 交流 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 交流 meaning in All languages combined (14.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoliú xuézhě",
"word": "交流學者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoliú xuézhě",
"word": "交流学者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoliúdiàn",
"word": "交流電"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoliúdiàn",
"word": "交流电"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wénhuà jiāoliú",
"word": "文化交流"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yǔyán jiāoliú",
"word": "語言交流"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yǔyán jiāoliú",
"word": "语言交流"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "交流",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāohuàn",
"word": "交換"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāohuàn",
"word": "交换"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "exchange of ideas",
"roman": "sīxiǎng jiāoliú",
"text": "思想交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "academic exchange",
"roman": "xuéshù jiāoliú",
"text": "學術交流／学术交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "communication impairment",
"roman": "jiāoliú zhàng'ài",
"text": "交流障礙／交流障碍",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "people-to-people exchange",
"roman": "rénwén jiāoliú",
"text": "人文交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "means of communication",
"roman": "jiāoliú gōngjù",
"text": "交流工具",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to conduct cultural exchange with other countries",
"ref": "開展對外文化交流 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "开展对外文化交流 [MSC, simp.]\nkāizhǎn duìwài wénhuà jiāoliú [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exchange; to interchange; to communicate"
],
"id": "en-交流-zh-verb-25vfaHRi",
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"interchange",
"interchange"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to converge and flow; to interflow; to flow together"
],
"id": "en-交流-zh-verb-o7XBgm-T",
"links": [
[
"converge",
"converge"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"interflow",
"interflow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of rivers, body fluids) to converge and flow; to interflow; to flow together"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of rivers"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"body",
"chemistry",
"engineering",
"fluids",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāoliú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ lau⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ liu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-liû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ liu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāoliú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaolióu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-liu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-lyóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiauliou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяолю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaolju"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau làuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ lau⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ leo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-liû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kauliuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau liû"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāowǎng",
"word": "交往"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoyóu",
"word": "交遊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāoyóu",
"word": "交游"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāojì",
"word": "交際"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiāojì",
"word": "交际"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "láiwǎng",
"word": "來往"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "láiwǎng",
"word": "来往"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zhōuxuán",
"word": "周旋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wǎnglái",
"word": "往來"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wǎnglái",
"word": "往来"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "應酬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "应酬"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dǎ jiāodào",
"word": "打交道"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "溝通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "沟通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shèjiāo",
"word": "社交"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zǒu",
"word": "走"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guòwǎng",
"word": "過往"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guòwǎng",
"word": "过往"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guòcóng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "過從"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "guòcóng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "过从"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "鋪排"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "铺排"
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chokuryū",
"ruby": [
[
"直流",
"ちょくりゅう"
]
],
"word": "直流"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "交流",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうりゅう"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)流(りゅう) • (kōryū)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"exchange, interchange, intermingling with members of other groups, such as other cultures"
],
"id": "en-交流-ja-noun-IB0sil4U",
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"interchange",
"interchange"
],
[
"intermingling",
"intermingling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Electricity",
"orig": "ja:Electricity",
"parents": [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 79 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 77 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 79 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 78 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 59 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternating current"
],
"id": "en-交流-ja-noun-MG5pauSX",
"links": [
[
"electricity",
"electricity"
],
[
"alternating current",
"alternating current"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electricity) alternating current"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "交流する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交流し",
"roman": "kōryū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交流した",
"roman": "kōryū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "交流し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "交流させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "交流した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "交流して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "交流すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mingle, exchange, especially with members of other groups"
],
"id": "en-交流-ja-verb-bVdOUnw~",
"links": [
[
"mingle",
"mingle"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyoryu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "교류",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "교류"
},
"expansion": "交流 • (gyoryu) (hangeul 교류)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "교류"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 교류."
],
"id": "en-交流-ko-noun-y8Z4mtcj",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"교류",
"교류#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jiāoliú xuézhě",
"word": "交流學者"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoliú xuézhě",
"word": "交流学者"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoliúdiàn",
"word": "交流電"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoliúdiàn",
"word": "交流电"
},
{
"roman": "wénhuà jiāoliú",
"word": "文化交流"
},
{
"roman": "yǔyán jiāoliú",
"word": "語言交流"
},
{
"roman": "yǔyán jiāoliú",
"word": "语言交流"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "交流",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jiāohuàn",
"word": "交換"
},
{
"roman": "jiāohuàn",
"word": "交换"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "exchange of ideas",
"roman": "sīxiǎng jiāoliú",
"text": "思想交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "academic exchange",
"roman": "xuéshù jiāoliú",
"text": "學術交流／学术交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "communication impairment",
"roman": "jiāoliú zhàng'ài",
"text": "交流障礙／交流障碍",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "people-to-people exchange",
"roman": "rénwén jiāoliú",
"text": "人文交流",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "means of communication",
"roman": "jiāoliú gōngjù",
"text": "交流工具",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to conduct cultural exchange with other countries",
"ref": "開展對外文化交流 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "开展对外文化交流 [MSC, simp.]\nkāizhǎn duìwài wénhuà jiāoliú [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exchange; to interchange; to communicate"
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"interchange",
"interchange"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to converge and flow; to interflow; to flow together"
],
"links": [
[
"converge",
"converge"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"interflow",
"interflow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of rivers, body fluids) to converge and flow; to interflow; to flow together"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of rivers"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"body",
"chemistry",
"engineering",
"fluids",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāoliú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ lau⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ liu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-liû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ liu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāoliú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaolióu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-liu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-lyóu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiauliou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяолю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaolju"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau làuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ lau⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ leo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liu¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-liû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kauliuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau liû"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³⁵ liu¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² liu¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liu²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ liu⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jiāowǎng",
"word": "交往"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoyóu",
"word": "交遊"
},
{
"roman": "jiāoyóu",
"word": "交游"
},
{
"roman": "jiāojì",
"word": "交際"
},
{
"roman": "jiāojì",
"word": "交际"
},
{
"roman": "láiwǎng",
"word": "來往"
},
{
"roman": "láiwǎng",
"word": "来往"
},
{
"roman": "zhōuxuán",
"word": "周旋"
},
{
"roman": "wǎnglái",
"word": "往來"
},
{
"roman": "wǎnglái",
"word": "往来"
},
{
"word": "應酬"
},
{
"word": "应酬"
},
{
"roman": "dǎ jiāodào",
"word": "打交道"
},
{
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "溝通"
},
{
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "沟通"
},
{
"roman": "shèjiāo",
"word": "社交"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu",
"word": "走"
},
{
"roman": "guòwǎng",
"word": "過往"
},
{
"roman": "guòwǎng",
"word": "过往"
},
{
"roman": "guòcóng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "過從"
},
{
"roman": "guòcóng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "过从"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "鋪排"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "铺排"
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"roman": "chokuryū",
"ruby": [
[
"直流",
"ちょくりゅう"
]
],
"word": "直流"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "交流",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうりゅう"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)流(りゅう) • (kōryū)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"exchange, interchange, intermingling with members of other groups, such as other cultures"
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"interchange",
"interchange"
],
[
"intermingling",
"intermingling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Electricity"
],
"glosses": [
"alternating current"
],
"links": [
[
"electricity",
"electricity"
],
[
"alternating current",
"alternating current"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electricity) alternating current"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "交流する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交流し",
"roman": "kōryū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交流した",
"roman": "kōryū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "交流し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交流せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "交流させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "交流しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交流します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "交流した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "交流して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "交流すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こうりゅうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōryū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mingle, exchange, especially with members of other groups"
],
"links": [
[
"mingle",
"mingle"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyoryu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "교류",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "교류"
},
"expansion": "交流 • (gyoryu) (hangeul 교류)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "교류"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 교류."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"교류",
"교류#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "交流"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.