See а in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for а meaning in Russian (20.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "А",
"tags": [
"uppercase"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "letter",
"3": "lower case",
"4": "",
"5": "upper case",
"6": "А"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) (lower case, upper case А)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "а • (a) (lower case, upper case А)",
"name": "ru-letter"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 31 1 6 0 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 19 1 2 0 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 35 3 4 0 17 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ru:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The first letter of the Russian alphabet, called а (a), and written in the Cyrillic script."
],
"id": "en-а-ru-character-kUkJfkcu",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter#English"
],
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet#English"
],
[
"а",
"а#Russian"
],
[
"Cyrillic script",
"Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "бу́ква"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "А"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "а"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Б"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "б"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "В"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "в"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Г"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "г"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Д"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "д"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Е"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "е"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ё"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ё"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ж"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ж"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "З"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "з"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "И"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "и"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Й"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "й"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "К"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "к"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Л"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "л"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "М"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "м"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "О"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "о"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "П"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "п"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Р"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "р"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "С"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "с"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Т"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "т"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "У"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "у"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ф"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ф"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Х"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "х"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ц"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ц"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ч"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ч"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ш"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ш"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Щ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "щ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Я"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "я"
}
],
"tags": [
"letter",
"lowercase"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "Ru-01-буква-А.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "n-in",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) n inan (indeclinable)",
"name": "ru-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "буква"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "бэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "vɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "вэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "гэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "дэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "je",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "е"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jo",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ё"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "že",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "же"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "зэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "i",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "и"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "i kratkoje",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "и краткое"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "ij",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ka",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "el",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эл"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "elʹ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эль"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "em",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эм"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "en",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эн"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "o",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "о"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "пэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "er",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эр"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "es",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эс"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "тэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "u",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "у"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ef",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эф"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xa",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "цэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "če",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "че"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ša",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ша"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "šča",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ща"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tvjórdyj znak",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "твёрдый знак"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "y",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ы"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jery",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "еры"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mjaxkij znak",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "мягкий знак"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "e",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "э"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "e oborotnoje",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "э оборотное"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ju",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ю"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ja",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "я"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Cyrillic letter names",
"orig": "ru:Cyrillic letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Cyrillic script letter А / а."
],
"id": "en-а-ru-noun-PU1yKtv2",
"links": [
[
"Cyrillic script",
"Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
],
[
"А",
"А#Russian"
],
[
"а",
"а#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "ru:Latin letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter A."
],
"id": "en-а-ru-noun-fr8LR4ci",
"links": [
[
"A",
"A#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "Ru-01-буква-А.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "а",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Eastern Mari: а (a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eastern Mari: а (a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: a"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "а",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: а (a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kildin Sami: а (a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: a"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "but"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*a",
"4": "",
"5": "and, but",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*a",
"4": "",
"5": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ōd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ōd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*éy",
"3": "*éy, h₁e"
},
"expansion": "*éy, h₁e",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian õ (“and, but”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ar̃",
"3": "",
"4": "question particle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ar̃ (“question particle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "а",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Russian а (a, “and, but”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "и",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "и (i, “and”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "да",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "да (da, “and, but”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ar̃",
"3": "",
"4": "if, whether"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ar̃ (“if, whether”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ir̃",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "ir̃ (“and”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dár",
"3": "",
"4": "still, yet"
},
"expansion": "dár (“still, yet”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ōd (presumed to be the ablative of *éy, h₁e). Cognate with Lithuanian õ (“and, but”).\nPossible link with Lithuanian ar̃ (“question particle”). Compare Russian а (a, “and, but”), и (i, “and”) and да (da, “and, but”) with Lithuanian ar̃ (“if, whether”), ir̃ (“and”) and dár (“still, yet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "one-letter words"
},
"expansion": "а • (a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian one-letter words",
"parents": [
"One-letter words",
"1",
"Character counts",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Terms by lexical property"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 35 3 4 0 17 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ru:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is warm today, but yesterday it was cold.",
"roman": "Sevódnja tepló, a včerá býlo xólodno.",
"text": "Сего́дня тепло́, а вчера́ бы́ло хо́лодно.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This is not an apple, but a pear.",
"roman": "Éto ne jábloko, a grúša.",
"text": "Э́то не я́блоко, а гру́ша.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How come?",
"roman": "A što?",
"text": "А что?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "or else",
"roman": "a to",
"text": "а то",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but, and (deviates from the preceding idea in some manner; introduces a new or different meaning, as opposed to но (no), which usually indicates contrarity)"
],
"id": "en-а-ru-conj-O3~6Of2S",
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"но",
"но#Russian"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "a védʹ",
"word": "а ве́дь"
},
{
"roman": "a ímenno",
"word": "а и́менно"
},
{
"roman": "a tó",
"word": "а то́"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɐ]",
"note": "unstressed, pre-tonal"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "à"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian à",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ"
},
"expansion": "õ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "oà",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, surprise"
},
"expansion": "oà (“expression of pain, surprise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍉",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin ā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āh",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, anger"
},
"expansion": "āh (“expression of pain, anger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἆ",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Lithuanian à, õ, oà (“expression of pain, surprise”), as well as Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”), Latin ā, āh (“expression of pain, anger”), Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "а!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "a!",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "а!"
},
"expansion": "а! • (a!)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oh! (expressing surprise or realization)"
],
"id": "en-а-ru-intj-RCzutTwu",
"links": [
[
"oh",
"oh"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "aa",
"word": "аа"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "á-a",
"word": "а́-а"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "à"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian à",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ"
},
"expansion": "õ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "oà",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, surprise"
},
"expansion": "oà (“expression of pain, surprise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍉",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin ā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āh",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, anger"
},
"expansion": "āh (“expression of pain, anger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἆ",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Lithuanian à, õ, oà (“expression of pain, surprise”), as well as Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”), Latin ā, āh (“expression of pain, anger”), Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "particles"
},
"expansion": "а • (a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 97",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 35 3 4 0 17 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ru:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you hear me, eh?",
"roman": "Ty slýšišʹ menjá, a?",
"text": "Ты слы́шишь меня́, а?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "So are you coming today, then?",
"roman": "Ty pridjóšʹ sevódnja, a?",
"text": "Ты придёшь сего́дня, а?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colloquial particle used to seek confirmation: eh"
],
"id": "en-а-ru-particle-cWynZZ5G",
"links": [
[
"eh",
"eh"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ась"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "aa",
"word": "аа"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "á-a",
"word": "а́-а"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "indeclinable"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) (indeclinable)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "ru:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she or it (used to point to a particular person)"
],
"id": "en-а-ru-pron-WwnFXdhw",
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(criminal slang) he, she or it (used to point to a particular person)"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian indeclinable nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian letters",
"Russian neuter nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "А",
"tags": [
"uppercase"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "letter",
"3": "lower case",
"4": "",
"5": "upper case",
"6": "А"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) (lower case, upper case А)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "а • (a) (lower case, upper case А)",
"name": "ru-letter"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "бу́ква"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "А"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "а"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Б"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "б"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "В"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "в"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Г"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "г"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Д"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "д"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Е"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "е"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ё"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ё"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ж"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ж"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "З"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "з"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "И"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "и"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Й"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "й"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "К"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "к"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Л"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "л"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "М"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "м"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "О"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "о"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "П"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "п"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Р"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "р"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "С"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "с"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Т"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "т"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "У"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "у"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ф"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ф"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Х"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "х"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ц"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ц"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ч"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ч"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ш"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ш"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Щ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "щ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ъ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ы"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "э"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Ю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "ю"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "Я"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"letter"
],
"word": "я"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The first letter of the Russian alphabet, called а (a), and written in the Cyrillic script."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter#English"
],
[
"alphabet",
"alphabet#English"
],
[
"а",
"а#Russian"
],
[
"Cyrillic script",
"Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"letter",
"lowercase"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "Ru-01-буква-А.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian indeclinable nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian letters",
"Russian neuter nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "n-in",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) n inan (indeclinable)",
"name": "ru-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "буква"
},
{
"roman": "bɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "бэ"
},
{
"roman": "vɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "вэ"
},
{
"roman": "gɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "гэ"
},
{
"roman": "dɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "дэ"
},
{
"english": "je",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "е"
},
{
"roman": "jo",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ё"
},
{
"roman": "že",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "же"
},
{
"roman": "zɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "зэ"
},
{
"roman": "i",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "и"
},
{
"roman": "i kratkoje",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "и краткое"
},
{
"english": "ij",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ий"
},
{
"roman": "ka",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ка"
},
{
"roman": "el",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эл"
},
{
"roman": "elʹ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эль"
},
{
"roman": "em",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эм"
},
{
"english": "en",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эн"
},
{
"roman": "o",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "о"
},
{
"roman": "pɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "пэ"
},
{
"roman": "er",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эр"
},
{
"roman": "es",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эс"
},
{
"roman": "tɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "тэ"
},
{
"roman": "u",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "у"
},
{
"roman": "ef",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "эф"
},
{
"roman": "xa",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ха"
},
{
"roman": "cɛ",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "цэ"
},
{
"roman": "če",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "че"
},
{
"roman": "ša",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ша"
},
{
"roman": "šča",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ща"
},
{
"roman": "tvjórdyj znak",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "твёрдый знак"
},
{
"roman": "y",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ы"
},
{
"roman": "jery",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "еры"
},
{
"roman": "mjaxkij znak",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "мягкий знак"
},
{
"roman": "e",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "э"
},
{
"roman": "e oborotnoje",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "э оборотное"
},
{
"roman": "ju",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ю"
},
{
"roman": "ja",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "я"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ru:Cyrillic letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Cyrillic script letter А / а."
],
"links": [
[
"Cyrillic script",
"Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
],
[
"А",
"А#Russian"
],
[
"а",
"а#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ru:Latin letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter A."
],
"links": [
[
"A",
"A#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"audio": "Ru-01-буква-А.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-01-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian conjunctions",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian one-letter words",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "а",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Eastern Mari: а (a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Eastern Mari: а (a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: a"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sjd",
"2": "а",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: а (a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kildin Sami: а (a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "a",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: a",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: a"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "but"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*a",
"4": "",
"5": "and, but",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*a",
"4": "",
"5": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ōd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ōd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*éy",
"3": "*éy, h₁e"
},
"expansion": "*éy, h₁e",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian õ (“and, but”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ar̃",
"3": "",
"4": "question particle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ar̃ (“question particle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "а",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "Russian а (a, “and, but”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "и",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "и (i, “and”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "да",
"3": "",
"4": "and, but"
},
"expansion": "да (da, “and, but”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ar̃",
"3": "",
"4": "if, whether"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian ar̃ (“if, whether”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ir̃",
"3": "",
"4": "and"
},
"expansion": "ir̃ (“and”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "dár",
"3": "",
"4": "still, yet"
},
"expansion": "dár (“still, yet”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *a (“and, but”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ōd (presumed to be the ablative of *éy, h₁e). Cognate with Lithuanian õ (“and, but”).\nPossible link with Lithuanian ar̃ (“question particle”). Compare Russian а (a, “and, but”), и (i, “and”) and да (da, “and, but”) with Lithuanian ar̃ (“if, whether”), ir̃ (“and”) and dár (“still, yet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "one-letter words"
},
"expansion": "а • (a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "conj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "a védʹ",
"word": "а ве́дь"
},
{
"roman": "a ímenno",
"word": "а и́менно"
},
{
"roman": "a tó",
"word": "а то́"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is warm today, but yesterday it was cold.",
"roman": "Sevódnja tepló, a včerá býlo xólodno.",
"text": "Сего́дня тепло́, а вчера́ бы́ло хо́лодно.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This is not an apple, but a pear.",
"roman": "Éto ne jábloko, a grúša.",
"text": "Э́то не я́блоко, а гру́ша.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How come?",
"roman": "A što?",
"text": "А что?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "or else",
"roman": "a to",
"text": "а то",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but, and (deviates from the preceding idea in some manner; introduces a new or different meaning, as opposed to но (no), which usually indicates contrarity)"
],
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"and",
"and"
],
[
"но",
"но#Russian"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ə]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɐ]",
"note": "unstressed, pre-tonal"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"audio-ipa": "[a]",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian interjections",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian particles",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "à"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian à",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ"
},
"expansion": "õ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "oà",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, surprise"
},
"expansion": "oà (“expression of pain, surprise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍉",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin ā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āh",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, anger"
},
"expansion": "āh (“expression of pain, anger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἆ",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Lithuanian à, õ, oà (“expression of pain, surprise”), as well as Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”), Latin ā, āh (“expression of pain, anger”), Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "а!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "a!",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "а!"
},
"expansion": "а! • (a!)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oh! (expressing surprise or realization)"
],
"links": [
[
"oh",
"oh"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "aa",
"word": "аа"
},
{
"roman": "á-a",
"word": "а́-а"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian interjections",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian particles",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "à"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian à",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "õ"
},
"expansion": "õ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "oà",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, surprise"
},
"expansion": "oà (“expression of pain, surprise”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍉",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ā"
},
"expansion": "Latin ā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "āh",
"3": "",
"4": "expression of pain, anger"
},
"expansion": "āh (“expression of pain, anger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἆ",
"3": "",
"4": "ah!"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Lithuanian à, õ, oà (“expression of pain, surprise”), as well as Gothic 𐍉 (ō, “ah!”), Latin ā, āh (“expression of pain, anger”), Ancient Greek ἆ (â, “ah!”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "particles"
},
"expansion": "а • (a)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you hear me, eh?",
"roman": "Ty slýšišʹ menjá, a?",
"text": "Ты слы́шишь меня́, а?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "So are you coming today, then?",
"roman": "Ty pridjóšʹ sevódnja, a?",
"text": "Ты придёшь сего́дня, а?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colloquial particle used to seek confirmation: eh"
],
"links": [
[
"eh",
"eh"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ась"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "aa",
"word": "аа"
},
{
"roman": "á-a",
"word": "а́-а"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian pronouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "a",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "indeclinable"
},
"expansion": "а • (a) (indeclinable)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian criminal slang",
"ru:Crime"
],
"glosses": [
"he, she or it (used to point to a particular person)"
],
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(criminal slang) he, she or it (used to point to a particular person)"
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-а.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Ru-%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "а"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.