"przyjaciel" meaning in Polish

See przyjaciel in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/, /pr̝ɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/ [Middle, Polish], /pʂɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/ [Middle, Polish], /pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/ (note: Chełmno-Dobrzyń), /pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/ (note: Lasovia)
Rhymes: -at͡ɕɛl Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei Proto-Slavic *prijàti Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr? Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-teľь Proto-Slavic *prijateľь Old Polish przyjaciel Polish przyjaciel Inherited from Old Polish przyjaciel. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|sla-pro|inh=1}}, {{root|pl|ine-pro|*preyH-}}, {{etymon|pl|inh|zlw-opl>przyjaciel>friend|id=friend|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei Proto-Slavic *prijàti Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr? Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-teľь Proto-Slavic *prijateľь Old Polish przyjaciel Polish przyjaciel, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|przyjaciel|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish przyjaciel, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|przyjaciel}} Inherited from Old Polish przyjaciel Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-pr|adj=przyjacielski|f=przyjaciółka}} przyjaciel m pers (female equivalent przyjaciółka, related adjective przyjacielski) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-pr|datp=przyjaciołom|genp=przyjaciół|insp=przyjaciółmi|locp=przyjaciołach}} Forms: przyjaciółka [feminine], przyjacielski [adjective], no-table-tags [table-tags], przyjaciel [nominative, singular], przyjaciele [nominative, plural], przyjaciela [genitive, singular], przyjaciół [genitive, plural], przyjacielowi [dative, singular], przyjaciołom [dative, plural], przyjaciela [accusative, singular], przyjaciół [accusative, plural], przyjacielem [instrumental, singular], przyjaciółmi [instrumental, plural], przyjacielu [locative, singular], przyjaciołach [locative, plural], przyjacielu [singular, vocative], przyjaciele [plural, vocative], przyjáciel [alternative]
  1. friend (person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection) Tags: masculine, person Categories (topical): Male people Synonyms: druh, kum, kumoter, znajomy
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-dPjDJDKB Disambiguation of Male people: 15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4 Categories (other): Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5
  2. (by extension) friend (animal toward which someone feels similarly) Tags: broadly, masculine, person
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-q5eoHD-N
  3. (by extension) friend (person or organization that supports something or has positive emotions towards something) Tags: broadly, masculine, person Synonyms: miłośnik
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-7LpvtKrk
  4. (euphemistic) lover (man with whom someone has an erotic relationship) Tags: euphemistic, masculine, person Categories (topical): Male people Synonyms: fagas, frajer, gach, kochanek, kochaś, ogoniarz, partner
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-siJtPERs Disambiguation of Male people: 15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4 Categories (other): Polish euphemisms, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5
  5. friend (object or idea that can be used for good) Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-UAyOuzfb
  6. (chiefly in the vocative) term of address towards someone the speaker has positive feelings towards and sees as equal or lower; friend Tags: masculine, person
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-BpUlBh-U Categories (other): Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5
  7. (obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno) spouse Tags: dialectal, masculine, obsolete, person Categories (topical): Male people Synonyms: małżonek
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-gV--wEDj Disambiguation of Male people: 15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4 Categories (other): Chełmno Polish
  8. (Middle Polish) relative; in-law Tags: Middle, Polish, masculine, person Categories (topical): Male people
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-wEzYsecu Disambiguation of Male people: 15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4 Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5
  9. (Lasovia) Synonym of kuzyn Tags: masculine, person Synonyms: kuzyn [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-KFzr21VP Categories (other): Lasovia Polish
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fałszywy przyjaciel, przyjaciel od serca, chcesz stracić przyjaciela, pożycz mu pieniądze, prawdziwych przyjaciół poznaje się w biedzie, przyjaciele naszych przyjaciół są naszymi przyjaciółmi

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fałszywy przyjaciel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "przyjaciel od serca"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "chcesz stracić przyjaciela, pożycz mu pieniądze"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "prawdziwych przyjaciół poznaje się w biedzie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "przyjaciele naszych przyjaciół są naszymi przyjaciółmi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl>przyjaciel>friend",
        "id": "friend",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *prijàti\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr?\nProto-Slavic *-jь\nProto-Slavic *-teľь\nProto-Slavic *prijateľь\nOld Polish przyjaciel\nPolish przyjaciel",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przyjaciel",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish przyjaciel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przyjaciel"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przyjaciel",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *prijàti\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr?\nProto-Slavic *-jь\nProto-Slavic *-teľь\nProto-Slavic *prijateľь\nOld Polish przyjaciel\nPolish przyjaciel\nInherited from Old Polish przyjaciel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "przyjaciółka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielski",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciela",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciół",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciołom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciela",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciół",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciółmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciołach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjáciel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "adj": "przyjacielski",
        "f": "przyjaciółka"
      },
      "expansion": "przyjaciel m pers (female equivalent przyjaciółka, related adjective przyjacielski)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "przy‧ja‧ciel"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "datp": "przyjaciołom",
        "genp": "przyjaciół",
        "insp": "przyjaciółmi",
        "locp": "przyjaciołach"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Male people",
          "orig": "pl:Male people",
          "parents": [
            "Male",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "friend (person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-dPjDJDKB",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "druh"
        },
        {
          "word": "kum"
        },
        {
          "word": "kumoter"
        },
        {
          "word": "znajomy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "friend (animal toward which someone feels similarly)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-q5eoHD-N",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) friend (animal toward which someone feels similarly)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nieprzyjaciel"
        },
        {
          "word": "wróg"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "friend (person or organization that supports something or has positive emotions towards something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-7LpvtKrk",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) friend (person or organization that supports something or has positive emotions towards something)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "miłośnik"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish euphemisms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Male people",
          "orig": "pl:Male people",
          "parents": [
            "Male",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lover (man with whom someone has an erotic relationship)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-siJtPERs",
      "links": [
        [
          "lover",
          "lover"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic) lover (man with whom someone has an erotic relationship)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fagas"
        },
        {
          "word": "frajer"
        },
        {
          "word": "gach"
        },
        {
          "word": "kochanek"
        },
        {
          "word": "kochaś"
        },
        {
          "word": "ogoniarz"
        },
        {
          "word": "partner"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "friend (object or idea that can be used for good)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-UAyOuzfb",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "term of address towards someone the speaker has positive feelings towards and sees as equal or lower; friend"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-BpUlBh-U",
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the vocative) term of address towards someone the speaker has positive feelings towards and sees as equal or lower; friend"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the vocative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chełmno Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Male people",
          "orig": "pl:Male people",
          "parents": [
            "Male",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spouse"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-gV--wEDj",
      "links": [
        [
          "spouse",
          "spouse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno) spouse"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "małżonek"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "masculine",
        "obsolete",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 6 9 12 4 11 8 22 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 3 9 10 2 12 5 25 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 6 7 16 4 12 7 22 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 5 7 13 3 12 6 24 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 1 2 19 6 3 25 25 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Male people",
          "orig": "pl:Male people",
          "parents": [
            "Male",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "relative; in-law"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-wEzYsecu",
      "links": [
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ],
        [
          "in-law",
          "in-law"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) relative; in-law"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lasovia Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of kuzyn"
      ],
      "id": "en-przyjaciel-pl-noun-KFzr21VP",
      "links": [
        [
          "kuzyn",
          "kuzyn#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Lasovia) Synonym of kuzyn"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "kuzyn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/",
      "note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at͡ɕɛl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Przyjaciel"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pl:Ida Kurcz"
  ],
  "word": "przyjaciel"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 3-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish personal nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preyH-",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/at͡ɕɛl",
    "Rhymes:Polish/at͡ɕɛl/3 syllables",
    "pl:Male people"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fałszywy przyjaciel"
    },
    {
      "word": "przyjaciel od serca"
    },
    {
      "word": "chcesz stracić przyjaciela, pożycz mu pieniądze"
    },
    {
      "word": "prawdziwych przyjaciół poznaje się w biedzie"
    },
    {
      "word": "przyjaciele naszych przyjaciół są naszymi przyjaciółmi"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preyH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl>przyjaciel>friend",
        "id": "friend",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *prijàti\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr?\nProto-Slavic *-jь\nProto-Slavic *-teľь\nProto-Slavic *prijateľь\nOld Polish przyjaciel\nPolish przyjaciel",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przyjaciel",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish przyjaciel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przyjaciel"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przyjaciel",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *prīˀjā́ˀtei\nProto-Slavic *prijàti\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr?\nProto-Slavic *-jь\nProto-Slavic *-teľь\nProto-Slavic *prijateľь\nOld Polish przyjaciel\nPolish przyjaciel\nInherited from Old Polish przyjaciel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "przyjaciółka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielski",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciela",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciół",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciołom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciela",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciół",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciółmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciołach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjacielu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjaciele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przyjáciel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-pr",
        "adj": "przyjacielski",
        "f": "przyjaciółka"
      },
      "expansion": "przyjaciel m pers (female equivalent przyjaciółka, related adjective przyjacielski)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "przy‧ja‧ciel"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "datp": "przyjaciołom",
        "genp": "przyjaciół",
        "insp": "przyjaciółmi",
        "locp": "przyjaciołach"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "friend (person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "druh"
        },
        {
          "word": "kum"
        },
        {
          "word": "kumoter"
        },
        {
          "word": "znajomy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "friend (animal toward which someone feels similarly)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) friend (animal toward which someone feels similarly)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nieprzyjaciel"
        },
        {
          "word": "wróg"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "friend (person or organization that supports something or has positive emotions towards something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) friend (person or organization that supports something or has positive emotions towards something)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "miłośnik"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish euphemisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lover (man with whom someone has an erotic relationship)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lover",
          "lover"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic) lover (man with whom someone has an erotic relationship)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fagas"
        },
        {
          "word": "frajer"
        },
        {
          "word": "gach"
        },
        {
          "word": "kochanek"
        },
        {
          "word": "kochaś"
        },
        {
          "word": "ogoniarz"
        },
        {
          "word": "partner"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "friend (object or idea that can be used for good)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "term of address towards someone the speaker has positive feelings towards and sees as equal or lower; friend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the vocative) term of address towards someone the speaker has positive feelings towards and sees as equal or lower; friend"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the vocative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chełmno Polish",
        "Polish dialectal terms",
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spouse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spouse",
          "spouse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno) spouse"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "małżonek"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "masculine",
        "obsolete",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "relative; in-law"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "relative",
          "relative"
        ],
        [
          "in-law",
          "in-law"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) relative; in-law"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lasovia Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of kuzyn"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kuzyn",
          "kuzyn#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Lasovia) Synonym of kuzyn"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "kuzyn"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɨˈjɒ.t͡ɕel/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/",
      "note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʂɘˈja.t͡ɕɛl/",
      "note": "Lasovia"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at͡ɕɛl"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Przyjaciel"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "pl:Ida Kurcz"
  ],
  "word": "przyjaciel"
}

Download raw JSONL data for przyjaciel meaning in Polish (7.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno",
  "path": [
    "przyjaciel"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "przyjaciel",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno",
  "path": [
    "przyjaciel"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "przyjaciel",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Lasovia",
  "path": [
    "przyjaciel"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "przyjaciel",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Lasovia",
  "path": [
    "przyjaciel"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "przyjaciel",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.