See turn down in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “refuse”",
"word": "accept"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “reduce power”",
"word": "turn up"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "turns down",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "turning down",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "turned down",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "turned down",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*"
},
"expansion": "turn down (third-person singular simple present turns down, present participle turning down, simple past and past participle turned down)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He turned down all our offers of help.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 17:",
"text": "A local doctor had bought one canvas and but for that lucky chance he would have been out of pocket. Now he was muttering grumpily at Edmund, \"Have to get something better this trip, Edmund. Got to pull up somehow or buyers will be turnin' us down. Sales been gettin' worse and worse these last years.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 24, Paul Clifton, “Many disabled passengers are excluded from using the route”, in RAIL, number 964, page 29:",
"text": "Govia Thameslink Railway declined to comment on the study and turned down our request for an interview to address the issues raised.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse, decline, or deny."
],
"id": "en-turn_down-en-verb-Vucd2bEy",
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"deny",
"deny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To refuse, decline, or deny."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "meržel",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "մերժել"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvam",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "отказвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "отхвърлям"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rebutjar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "refusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "拒絕"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jùjué",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "拒绝"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "回絕"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huíjué",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "回绝"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "torjua"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "refuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "décliner"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "ablehnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "absagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "abweisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "zurückweisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "verweigern"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "sich verweigern"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "jemandem einen Korb geben"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "serév",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סירב"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "elutasít"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "visszautasít"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rifiutare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"alt": "ことわる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kotowaru",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "断る"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "negō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "abnegō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odrzucać"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odrzucić"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "recusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rejeitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvergátʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отверга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvérgnutʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отве́ргнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otklonjátʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отклоня́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otklonítʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отклони́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkázyvatʹsja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отка́зываться"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkazátʹsja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "отказа́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "diùlt"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rechazar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "säga nej till"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "förkasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidxyljáty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відхиля́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidxylýty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "відхили́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidmovljátysja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відмовля́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidmóvyty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відмо́вити"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidkydáty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відкида́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidkýnuty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "відки́нути"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Turn down the television so I can hear myself think.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "When it starts to boil, turn down the heat to a simmer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce the power, etc. of something by means of a control, such as the volume, heat, or light."
],
"id": "en-turn_down-en-verb-Uc1dKOP7",
"links": [
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"volume",
"volume"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To reduce the power, etc. of something by means of a control, such as the volume, heat, or light."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nqəṣ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "نْقص"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "mākip",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ܡܲܟܸܦ"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namaljavam",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "намалявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abaixar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "disminuir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "減少"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎnshǎo",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "减少"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "fi",
"english": "voice",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "hiljentää"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "fi",
"english": "heat",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "alentaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "fi",
"english": "light",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "himmentää"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "fi",
"english": "flow",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "vähentää"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "baisser"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduzieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunterdrehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunterregeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "niedriger stellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "verringern"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunter stellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "hu",
"english": "sound",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lehalkít"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "hu",
"english": "any switch or button",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lejjebb vesz/kapcsol/csavar/teker"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lecsavar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "esp. light",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "tompít"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "csökkent"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ísligh"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abbassare"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ściszać"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ściszyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abaixar"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "diminuir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduzir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubavljátʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "убавля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubávitʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уба́вить"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umenʹšátʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уменьша́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménʹšitʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уме́ньшить"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "smanjiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "smanjivati"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "disminuir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reducir"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "sänka"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "dämpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zménšuvaty",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зме́ншувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zménšyty",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зме́ншити"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "pasaytirmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "wa",
"english": "sound",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "baxhî"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "wa",
"english": "quantity",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "rastrinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 66 16",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ravaler"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "18 22 60",
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},
{
"_dis": "15 12 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 19 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 12 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 9 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 16 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 12 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 14 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 12 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 14 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Turn down the blankets to let them air out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reposition by turning, flipping, etc. in a downward direction; to double or fold down."
],
"id": "en-turn_down-en-verb-3MAla5DA",
"links": [
[
"reposition",
"reposition"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"flip",
"flip"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To reposition by turning, flipping, etc. in a downward direction; to double or fold down."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "turn over"
}
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-turn down.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-au-turn_down.ogg/En-au-turn_down.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-au-turn_down.ogg"
}
],
"word": "turn down"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “refuse”",
"word": "accept"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “reduce power”",
"word": "turn up"
}
],
"categories": [
"Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English phrasal verbs",
"English phrasal verbs formed with \"down\"",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Moroccan Arabic links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assyrian Neo-Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "turns down",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "turning down",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "turned down",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "turned down",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*"
},
"expansion": "turn down (third-person singular simple present turns down, present participle turning down, simple past and past participle turned down)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "turn over"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English idioms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He turned down all our offers of help.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 17:",
"text": "A local doctor had bought one canvas and but for that lucky chance he would have been out of pocket. Now he was muttering grumpily at Edmund, \"Have to get something better this trip, Edmund. Got to pull up somehow or buyers will be turnin' us down. Sales been gettin' worse and worse these last years.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 August 24, Paul Clifton, “Many disabled passengers are excluded from using the route”, in RAIL, number 964, page 29:",
"text": "Govia Thameslink Railway declined to comment on the study and turned down our request for an interview to address the issues raised.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse, decline, or deny."
],
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"deny",
"deny"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To refuse, decline, or deny."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English idioms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Turn down the television so I can hear myself think.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "When it starts to boil, turn down the heat to a simmer.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reduce the power, etc. of something by means of a control, such as the volume, heat, or light."
],
"links": [
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"volume",
"volume"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To reduce the power, etc. of something by means of a control, such as the volume, heat, or light."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English idioms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Turn down the blankets to let them air out.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To reposition by turning, flipping, etc. in a downward direction; to double or fold down."
],
"links": [
[
"reposition",
"reposition"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"flip",
"flip"
],
[
"direction",
"direction"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(idiomatic) To reposition by turning, flipping, etc. in a downward direction; to double or fold down."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-turn down.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/En-au-turn_down.ogg/En-au-turn_down.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/En-au-turn_down.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "meržel",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "մերժել"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvam",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "отказвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "отхвърлям"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rebutjar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "refusar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "拒絕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jùjué",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "拒绝"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "回絕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huíjué",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "回绝"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "torjua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "refuser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "décliner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "ablehnen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "absagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "abweisen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "zurückweisen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "verweigern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "sich verweigern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "jemandem einen Korb geben"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "serév",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סירב"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "elutasít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "visszautasít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rifiutare"
},
{
"alt": "ことわる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kotowaru",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "断る"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "negō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "abnegō"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odrzucać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odrzucić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "recusar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rejeitar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvergátʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отверга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvérgnutʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отве́ргнуть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otklonjátʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отклоня́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otklonítʹ",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отклони́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkázyvatʹsja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отка́зываться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkazátʹsja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"perfective"
],
"word": "отказа́ться"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "diùlt"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "rechazar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "säga nej till"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"word": "förkasta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidxyljáty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відхиля́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidxylýty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "відхили́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidmovljátysja",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відмовля́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidmóvyty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відмо́вити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidkydáty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "відкида́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidkýnuty",
"sense": "refuse, decline, deny",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "відки́нути"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nqəṣ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "نْقص"
},
{
"code": "aii",
"lang": "Assyrian Neo-Aramaic",
"roman": "mākip",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ܡܲܟܸܦ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "namaljavam",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "намалявам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abaixar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "disminuir"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "減少"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎnshǎo",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "减少"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "voice",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "hiljentää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "heat",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "alentaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "light",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "himmentää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "flow",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "vähentää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "baisser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduzieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunterdrehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunterregeln"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "niedriger stellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "verringern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "herunter stellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "vermindern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "sound",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lehalkít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "any switch or button",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lejjebb vesz/kapcsol/csavar/teker"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "lecsavar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "esp. light",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "tompít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "csökkent"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ísligh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abbassare"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ściszać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ściszyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "abaixar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "diminuir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reduzir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubavljátʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "убавля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ubávitʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уба́вить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "umenʹšátʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уменьша́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménʹšitʹ",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уме́ньшить"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "smanjiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "smanjivati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "disminuir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "reducir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "sänka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "dämpa"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zménšuvaty",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зме́ншувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zménšyty",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зме́ншити"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "pasaytirmoq"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"english": "sound",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "baxhî"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"english": "quantity",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "rastrinde"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "reduce amount",
"word": "ravaler"
}
],
"word": "turn down"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turn down meaning in English (14.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.