"puny" meaning in English

See puny in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈpjuːni/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈpjuni/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav [Southern-England] Forms: punier [comparative], puniest [superlative]
Rhymes: -uːni Etymology: PIE word *pós A respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”). Etymology templates: {{l|ine-pro|*pós}} *pós, {{catlangname|en|terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós}}, {{PIE word|en|pós}} PIE word *pós, {{root|en|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-}}, {{glossary|respelling}} respelling, {{m|en|puisne}} puisne, {{der|en|xno|puisné|t=later, more recent; junior; weakly}} Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”), {{nb...|puné, puiné, punie, pusné|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{der|en|frm|puisné|t=born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)}} Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”), {{cog|fr|puîné|t=cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)}} French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”), {{m|frm|puis|t=after; since}} puis (“after; since”), {{m|frm|né|t=born}} né (“born”), {{m|frm||Puis}} Puis, {{der|en|fro|pois|t=after; since}} Old French pois (“after; since”), {{der|en|VL.|*postius|t=afterward}} Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), {{der|en|la|posteā|t=afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then}} Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), {{m|la|post|t=after; since}} post (“after; since”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*pós|t=afterwards}} Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”), {{m|la|ea|t=these (things)}} ea (“these (things)”), {{m|frm||né}} né, {{der|en|la|nātus|t=born}} Latin nātus (“born”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|t=to beget; to give birth; to produce}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”) Head templates: {{en-adj|er}} puny (comparative punier, superlative puniest)
  1. Of inferior significance, size, or strength; ineffective, small, weak. Synonyms: scrawny, small Translations (of inferior size — see also small): дребен (dreben) (Bulgarian), недорасъл (nedorasǎl) (Bulgarian), desnerit (Catalan), escarransit (Catalan), feble (Catalan), 弱小 (ruòxiǎo) (Chinese Mandarin), 微小 (wēixiǎo) (Chinese Mandarin), drobný (Czech), malý (Czech), drobounký (Czech), sølle (Danish), ijdel (Dutch), klein (Dutch), nietig (Dutch), zwak (Dutch), mitätön (Finnish), vähäpätöinen (Finnish), chétif (French), frêle (French), kläglich (German), klein (German), kümmerlich (German), mickrig (German), schwächlich (German), αδύνατος (adýnatos) (Greek), μικροκαμωμένος (mikrokamoménos) (Greek), μικρός (mikrós) (Greek), aimlithe (Irish), gracile (Italian), sparuto (Italian), ちっぽけな (chippoke na) (Japanese), 虚弱な (kyojaku na) (alt: きょじゃくな) (Japanese), 弱々しい (yowayowashii) (alt: よわよわしい) (Japanese), 자그마하다 (jageumahada) (Korean), pusillus (Latin), krappeg (Luxembourgish), kaurehe (Maori), pūkiki (Maori), rehe (Maori), ynkelig (Norwegian), wątły (Polish), fraco (Portuguese), franzino (Portuguese), pequeno (Portuguese), кро́хотный (króxotnyj) (Russian), кро́шечный (króšečnyj) (Russian), flojo (Spanish), gualtrapas (Spanish), tirillas (Spanish), tanig (Swedish), ynklig (Swedish), ynkligt liten (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-puny-en-adj-g3nwAg2Z Disambiguation of 'of inferior size — see also small': 50 4 34 5 7
  2. (chiefly Southern US, south Midland US) (Frequently) ill; poorly, sickly. Tags: Southern-US
    Sense id: en-puny-en-adj-dXhrGnIq Categories (other): Midland US English, Southern US English
  3. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne
    Inferior in rank; specifically, of a judge: junior.
    Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-puny-en-adj-QN1nk~4~
  4. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne
    Coming later in time; secondary, subsequent.
    Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-puny-en-adj-deU0TrHS
  5. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne
    Not experienced; novice.
    Tags: obsolete Categories (topical): People
    Sense id: en-puny-en-adj-JgE4~W0j Disambiguation of People: 7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: punily, puniness, punyness, punyism [obsolete]

Noun

IPA: /ˈpjuːni/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈpjuni/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav [Southern-England] Forms: punies [plural]
Rhymes: -uːni Etymology: PIE word *pós A respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”). Etymology templates: {{l|ine-pro|*pós}} *pós, {{catlangname|en|terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós}}, {{PIE word|en|pós}} PIE word *pós, {{root|en|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-}}, {{glossary|respelling}} respelling, {{m|en|puisne}} puisne, {{der|en|xno|puisné|t=later, more recent; junior; weakly}} Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”), {{nb...|puné, puiné, punie, pusné|otherforms=1}} [and other forms], {{der|en|frm|puisné|t=born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)}} Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”), {{cog|fr|puîné|t=cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)}} French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”), {{m|frm|puis|t=after; since}} puis (“after; since”), {{m|frm|né|t=born}} né (“born”), {{m|frm||Puis}} Puis, {{der|en|fro|pois|t=after; since}} Old French pois (“after; since”), {{der|en|VL.|*postius|t=afterward}} Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), {{der|en|la|posteā|t=afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then}} Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), {{m|la|post|t=after; since}} post (“after; since”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*pós|t=afterwards}} Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”), {{m|la|ea|t=these (things)}} ea (“these (things)”), {{m|frm||né}} né, {{der|en|la|nātus|t=born}} Latin nātus (“born”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|t=to beget; to give birth; to produce}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} puny (plural punies)
  1. (archaic) An inferior person; a subordinate; also, an insignificant person. Tags: archaic Categories (topical): People Synonyms: inferior, junior, puisne [obsolete], underling, vassal, nonentity, worthless person
    Sense id: en-puny-en-noun-kThgtPTg Disambiguation of People: 7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18
  2. (obsolete)
    A younger person; a junior.
    Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-puny-en-noun-IkcyWepU
  3. (obsolete)
    Alternative spelling of puisne
    A person who is not experienced; a beginner, a novice.
    Tags: obsolete Categories (topical): People Synonyms: newb, rookie, tenderfoot, beginner
    Sense id: en-puny-en-noun-4YkRdWNI Disambiguation of People: 7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18
  4. (obsolete)
    Alternative spelling of puisne
    (law) A puisne or junior judge.
    Tags: obsolete Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-puny-en-noun-yp9yM93p Topics: law
  5. (obsolete)
    (university slang, law) A new student at a school, university, the Inns of Court, etc.; a junior.
    Tags: obsolete Categories (topical): Law, Universities, People Synonyms: fresher, freshman, new bug, novi, shadow (english: [[w:Westminster School|Westminster School]])
    Sense id: en-puny-en-noun-Gx~HA18O Disambiguation of People: 7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18 Topics: law

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for puny meaning in English (23.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "punily"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "puniness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "punyness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "punyism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pós"
      },
      "expansion": "*pós",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "catlangname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pós"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *pós",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "respelling"
      },
      "expansion": "respelling",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "puisne"
      },
      "expansion": "puisne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "later, more recent; junior; weakly"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puné, puiné, punie, pusné",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "puîné",
        "t": "cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)"
      },
      "expansion": "French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "puis",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "puis (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "né",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "né (“born”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Puis"
      },
      "expansion": "Puis",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pois",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pois (“after; since”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*postius",
        "t": "afterward"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "posteā",
        "t": "afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "post",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "post (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pós",
        "t": "afterwards"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ea",
        "t": "these (things)"
      },
      "expansion": "ea (“these (things)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "né"
      },
      "expansion": "né",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nātus",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nātus (“born”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget; to give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *pós\nA respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punier",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puniest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "puny (comparative punier, superlative puniest)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pu‧ny"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "You puny earthlings are no match for Ming the Merciless!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of inferior significance, size, or strength; ineffective, small, weak."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-adj-g3nwAg2Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "significance",
          "significance"
        ],
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ],
        [
          "ineffective",
          "ineffective"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "scrawny"
        },
        {
          "word": "small"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "dreben",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "дребен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "nedorasǎl",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "недорасъл"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "desnerit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "escarransit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "feble"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "ruòxiǎo",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "弱小"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wēixiǎo",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "微小"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "drobný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "malý"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "drobounký"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "sølle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "ijdel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "klein"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "nietig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "zwak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "mitätön"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "vähäpätöinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "chétif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "frêle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "kläglich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "klein"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "kümmerlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "mickrig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "schwächlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "adýnatos",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "αδύνατος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "mikrokamoménos",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "μικροκαμωμένος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "mikrós",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "μικρός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "aimlithe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "gracile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "sparuto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "chippoke na",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "ちっぽけな"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "alt": "きょじゃくな",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kyojaku na",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "虚弱な"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "alt": "よわよわしい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "yowayowashii",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "弱々しい"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jageumahada",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "자그마하다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "pusillus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "krappeg"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "kaurehe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "pūkiki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "rehe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "ynkelig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "wątły"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "fraco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "franzino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "pequeno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "króxotnyj",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "кро́хотный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "króšečnyj",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "кро́шечный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "flojo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "gualtrapas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "tirillas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "tanig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "ynklig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "50 4 34 5 7",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
          "word": "ynkligt liten"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Midland US English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Southern US English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(Frequently) ill; poorly, sickly."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-adj-dXhrGnIq",
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequently",
          "frequently"
        ],
        [
          "ill",
          "ill#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "poorly",
          "poorly#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sickly",
          "sickly#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "south Midland US",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly Southern US, south Midland US) (Frequently) ill; poorly, sickly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern-US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Inferior in rank; specifically, of a judge: junior."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-adj-QN1nk~4~",
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "judge",
          "judge#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Inferior in rank; specifically, of a judge: junior."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Coming later in time; secondary, subsequent."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-adj-deU0TrHS",
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "Coming",
          "come#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "later",
          "later"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "secondary",
          "secondary"
        ],
        [
          "subsequent",
          "subsequent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Coming later in time; secondary, subsequent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Not experienced; novice."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-adj-JgE4~W0j",
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "experienced",
          "experienced#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "novice",
          "novice#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Not experienced; novice."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuːni/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuni/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "puisne"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːni"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "puny"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pós"
      },
      "expansion": "*pós",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "catlangname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pós"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *pós",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "respelling"
      },
      "expansion": "respelling",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "puisne"
      },
      "expansion": "puisne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "later, more recent; junior; weakly"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puné, puiné, punie, pusné",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "puîné",
        "t": "cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)"
      },
      "expansion": "French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "puis",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "puis (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "né",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "né (“born”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Puis"
      },
      "expansion": "Puis",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pois",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pois (“after; since”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*postius",
        "t": "afterward"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "posteā",
        "t": "afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "post",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "post (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pós",
        "t": "afterwards"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ea",
        "t": "these (things)"
      },
      "expansion": "ea (“these (things)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "né"
      },
      "expansion": "né",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nātus",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nātus (“born”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget; to give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *pós\nA respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "puny (plural punies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pu‧ny"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "superior"
        },
        {
          "word": "important person"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "(inferior person): ·"
        },
        {
          "text": "(insignificant person): ·"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An inferior person; a subordinate; also, an insignificant person."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-noun-kThgtPTg",
      "links": [
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "subordinate",
          "subordinate#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "insignificant",
          "insignificant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) An inferior person; a subordinate; also, an insignificant person."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "inferior"
        },
        {
          "word": "junior"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "puisne"
        },
        {
          "word": "underling"
        },
        {
          "word": "vassal"
        },
        {
          "word": "nonentity"
        },
        {
          "word": "worthless person"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A younger person; a junior."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-noun-IkcyWepU",
      "links": [
        [
          "younger",
          "young#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "A younger person; a junior."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A person who is not experienced; a beginner, a novice."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-noun-4YkRdWNI",
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "experienced",
          "experienced#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "beginner",
          "beginner"
        ],
        [
          "novice",
          "novice#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A person who is not experienced; a beginner, a novice."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "newb"
        },
        {
          "word": "rookie"
        },
        {
          "word": "tenderfoot"
        },
        {
          "word": "beginner"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A puisne or junior judge."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-noun-yp9yM93p",
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judge",
          "judge#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "(law) A puisne or junior judge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Universities",
          "orig": "en:Universities",
          "parents": [
            "Schools",
            "Buildings",
            "Education",
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Society",
            "Architecture",
            "All topics",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 0 8 5 14 22 0 22 5 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1610, “[The Election of the Prince]”, in Frederick S[amuel] Boas, editor, The Christmas Prince (The Malone Society Reprints; 47b), London: Printed for the Malone Society by Frederick Hall M.A. at the Oxford University Press, published 1923 (indicated as 1922), →OCLC, page 3, lines 9–12 and 14–18",
          "text": "[T]he whole companye or most parte of the Studentꝭ [Studentis] of the same house mette toogether to beginne their Christmas, of wᶜʰ som̃e came to see sports […] others to make sporte wᵗʰall of this last sorte were they whome they call Fresh-menn Punies of the first yeare, who are by no meanes admitted to be agent's or behoulders of those sports, before themselues haue biñe patient perfourmers of them.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A new student at a school, university, the Inns of Court, etc.; a junior."
      ],
      "id": "en-puny-en-noun-Gx~HA18O",
      "links": [
        [
          "university",
          "university"
        ],
        [
          "slang",
          "slang"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "student",
          "student"
        ],
        [
          "school",
          "school#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Inns of Court",
          "Inn of Court"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "university slang",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "(university slang, law) A new student at a school, university, the Inns of Court, etc.; a junior."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fresher"
        },
        {
          "word": "freshman"
        },
        {
          "word": "new bug"
        },
        {
          "word": "novi"
        },
        {
          "english": "[[w:Westminster School|Westminster School]]",
          "word": "shadow"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuːni/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuni/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "puisne"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːni"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "puny"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "en:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "punily"
    },
    {
      "word": "puniness"
    },
    {
      "word": "punyness"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "punyism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pós"
      },
      "expansion": "*pós",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "catlangname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pós"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *pós",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "respelling"
      },
      "expansion": "respelling",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "puisne"
      },
      "expansion": "puisne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "later, more recent; junior; weakly"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puné, puiné, punie, pusné",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "puîné",
        "t": "cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)"
      },
      "expansion": "French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "puis",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "puis (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "né",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "né (“born”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Puis"
      },
      "expansion": "Puis",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pois",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pois (“after; since”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*postius",
        "t": "afterward"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "posteā",
        "t": "afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "post",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "post (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pós",
        "t": "afterwards"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ea",
        "t": "these (things)"
      },
      "expansion": "ea (“these (things)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "né"
      },
      "expansion": "né",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nātus",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nātus (“born”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget; to give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *pós\nA respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punier",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "puniest",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "puny (comparative punier, superlative puniest)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pu‧ny"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "You puny earthlings are no match for Ming the Merciless!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of inferior significance, size, or strength; ineffective, small, weak."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "significance",
          "significance"
        ],
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ],
        [
          "ineffective",
          "ineffective"
        ],
        [
          "small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "weak",
          "weak"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "scrawny"
        },
        {
          "word": "small"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Midland US English",
        "Southern US English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(Frequently) ill; poorly, sickly."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Frequently",
          "frequently"
        ],
        [
          "ill",
          "ill#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "poorly",
          "poorly#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "sickly",
          "sickly#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "south Midland US",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly Southern US, south Midland US) (Frequently) ill; poorly, sickly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern-US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Inferior in rank; specifically, of a judge: junior."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "judge",
          "judge#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Inferior in rank; specifically, of a judge: junior."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Coming later in time; secondary, subsequent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "Coming",
          "come#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "later",
          "later"
        ],
        [
          "time",
          "time#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "secondary",
          "secondary"
        ],
        [
          "subsequent",
          "subsequent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Coming later in time; secondary, subsequent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Not experienced; novice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "experienced",
          "experienced#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "novice",
          "novice#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "Not experienced; novice."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuːni/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuni/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "puisne"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːni"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "dreben",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "дребен"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "nedorasǎl",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "недорасъл"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "desnerit"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "escarransit"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "feble"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "ruòxiǎo",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "弱小"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wēixiǎo",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "微小"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "drobný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "malý"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "drobounký"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "sølle"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "ijdel"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "klein"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "nietig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "zwak"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "mitätön"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "vähäpätöinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "chétif"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "frêle"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "kläglich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "klein"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "kümmerlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "mickrig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "schwächlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "adýnatos",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "αδύνατος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "mikrokamoménos",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "μικροκαμωμένος"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "mikrós",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "μικρός"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "aimlithe"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "gracile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "sparuto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "chippoke na",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "ちっぽけな"
    },
    {
      "alt": "きょじゃくな",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kyojaku na",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "虚弱な"
    },
    {
      "alt": "よわよわしい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "yowayowashii",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "弱々しい"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jageumahada",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "자그마하다"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "pusillus"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "krappeg"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "kaurehe"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "pūkiki"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "rehe"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "ynkelig"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "wątły"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "fraco"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "franzino"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "pequeno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "króxotnyj",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "кро́хотный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "króšečnyj",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "кро́шечный"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "flojo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "gualtrapas"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "tirillas"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "tanig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "ynklig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of inferior size — see also small",
      "word": "ynkligt liten"
    }
  ],
  "word": "puny"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*pós"
      },
      "expansion": "*pós",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *pós"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "catlangname"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pós"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE word\n *pós",
      "name": "PIE word"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "respelling"
      },
      "expansion": "respelling",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "puisne"
      },
      "expansion": "puisne",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "later, more recent; junior; weakly"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puné, puiné, punie, pusné",
        "otherforms": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "[and other forms]",
      "name": "nb..."
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "puisné",
        "t": "born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "puîné",
        "t": "cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)"
      },
      "expansion": "French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "puis",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "puis (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "né",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "né (“born”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Puis"
      },
      "expansion": "Puis",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pois",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pois (“after; since”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*postius",
        "t": "afterward"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "posteā",
        "t": "afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "post",
        "t": "after; since"
      },
      "expansion": "post (“after; since”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pós",
        "t": "afterwards"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ea",
        "t": "these (things)"
      },
      "expansion": "ea (“these (things)”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "",
        "3": "né"
      },
      "expansion": "né",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nātus",
        "t": "born"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nātus (“born”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-",
        "t": "to beget; to give birth; to produce"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE word\n *pós\nA respelling of puisne, from Anglo-Norman puisné (“later, more recent; junior; weakly”) [and other forms] and Middle French puisné (“born after (a specified person); younger, youngest; one who is born after (a specified person)”) (modern French puîné (“cadet (born after a sibling); a cadet (someone born after a sibling)”)), from puis (“after; since”) + né (“born”). Puis is derived from Old French pois (“after; since”), from Vulgar Latin *postius (“afterward”), from Latin posteā (“afterwards; hereafter; thereafter; next, then”), from post (“after; since”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“afterwards”)) + ea (“these (things)”); and né from Latin nātus (“born”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "punies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "puny (plural punies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pu‧ny"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "superior"
        },
        {
          "word": "important person"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "(inferior person): ·"
        },
        {
          "text": "(insignificant person): ·"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An inferior person; a subordinate; also, an insignificant person."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inferior",
          "inferior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "subordinate",
          "subordinate#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "insignificant",
          "insignificant"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) An inferior person; a subordinate; also, an insignificant person."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "inferior"
        },
        {
          "word": "junior"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "puisne"
        },
        {
          "word": "underling"
        },
        {
          "word": "vassal"
        },
        {
          "word": "nonentity"
        },
        {
          "word": "worthless person"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A younger person; a junior."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "younger",
          "young#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "A younger person; a junior."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A person who is not experienced; a beginner, a novice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "experienced",
          "experienced#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "beginner",
          "beginner"
        ],
        [
          "novice",
          "novice#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A person who is not experienced; a beginner, a novice."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "newb"
        },
        {
          "word": "rookie"
        },
        {
          "word": "tenderfoot"
        },
        {
          "word": "beginner"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "A puisne or junior judge."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puisne",
          "puisne#English"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "junior",
          "junior#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judge",
          "judge#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "Alternative spelling of puisne",
        "(law) A puisne or junior judge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English student slang",
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Law",
        "en:Universities"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1610, “[The Election of the Prince]”, in Frederick S[amuel] Boas, editor, The Christmas Prince (The Malone Society Reprints; 47b), London: Printed for the Malone Society by Frederick Hall M.A. at the Oxford University Press, published 1923 (indicated as 1922), →OCLC, page 3, lines 9–12 and 14–18",
          "text": "[T]he whole companye or most parte of the Studentꝭ [Studentis] of the same house mette toogether to beginne their Christmas, of wᶜʰ som̃e came to see sports […] others to make sporte wᵗʰall of this last sorte were they whome they call Fresh-menn Punies of the first yeare, who are by no meanes admitted to be agent's or behoulders of those sports, before themselues haue biñe patient perfourmers of them.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A new student at a school, university, the Inns of Court, etc.; a junior."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "university",
          "university"
        ],
        [
          "slang",
          "slang"
        ],
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "new",
          "new#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "student",
          "student"
        ],
        [
          "school",
          "school#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "Inns of Court",
          "Inn of Court"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "university slang",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete)",
        "(university slang, law) A new student at a school, university, the Inns of Court, etc.; a junior."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fresher"
        },
        {
          "word": "freshman"
        },
        {
          "word": "new bug"
        },
        {
          "word": "novi"
        },
        {
          "english": "[[w:Westminster School|Westminster School]]",
          "word": "shadow"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuːni/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpjuni/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "puisne"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːni"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-puny.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-puny.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "puny"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.