See perpetuate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for perpetuate meaning in English (30.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peth₂-",
"id": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perpetuate",
"pos": "adjective only"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perpetuate (adjective only)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpetuātus",
"t": "perpetuated"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘characterized by the specified thing’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in the specified manner’ forming verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "Perpetuātus"
},
"expansion": "Perpetuātus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuō",
"t": "to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate"
},
"expansion": "perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuus",
"t": "everlasting, perpetual"
},
"expansion": "perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘very’"
},
"expansion": "per- (prefix meaning ‘very’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "petō",
"t": "to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)"
},
"expansion": "petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-",
"t": "to spread out; to fly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-uus",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-uus (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "perpetuare"
},
"expansion": "Italian perpetuare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English perpetuate (adjective only), borrowed from Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”) + English -ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs). Perpetuātus is the perfect passive participle of perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”), from perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”) (from per- (prefix meaning ‘very’) + petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)) + -uus (suffix forming adjectives)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\ncognates\n* Catalan perpetuar\n* Italian perpetuare\n* Old French perpetué (adjective) (Middle French perpetué (adjective)); Middle French perpétuer (verb) (modern French perpétuer (verb))\n* Old Occitan perpetuar\n* Portuguese perpetuar\n* Spanish perpetuar",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "perpetuate",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧pet‧u‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ephemeral"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 38 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 33 33 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 31 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "en:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Perpetual, or made perpetual; continued for an indefinite time."
],
"id": "en-perpetuate-en-adj-dtWQ4aTY",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Perpetual",
"perpetual#Adjective"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic except poetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic except poetic) Perpetual, or made perpetual; continued for an indefinite time."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternal"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊət/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛtjʊət/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-t͡ʃəwət/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "perpetuate"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "autoperpetuate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "perpetuated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "perpetuating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "self-perpetuating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unperpetuated"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peth₂-",
"id": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perpetuate",
"pos": "adjective only"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perpetuate (adjective only)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpetuātus",
"t": "perpetuated"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘characterized by the specified thing’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in the specified manner’ forming verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "Perpetuātus"
},
"expansion": "Perpetuātus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuō",
"t": "to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate"
},
"expansion": "perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuus",
"t": "everlasting, perpetual"
},
"expansion": "perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘very’"
},
"expansion": "per- (prefix meaning ‘very’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "petō",
"t": "to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)"
},
"expansion": "petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-",
"t": "to spread out; to fly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-uus",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-uus (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "perpetuare"
},
"expansion": "Italian perpetuare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English perpetuate (adjective only), borrowed from Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”) + English -ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs). Perpetuātus is the perfect passive participle of perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”), from perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”) (from per- (prefix meaning ‘very’) + petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)) + -uus (suffix forming adjectives)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\ncognates\n* Catalan perpetuar\n* Italian perpetuare\n* Old French perpetué (adjective) (Middle French perpetué (adjective)); Middle French perpétuer (verb) (modern French perpétuer (verb))\n* Old Occitan perpetuar\n* Portuguese perpetuar\n* Spanish perpetuar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perpetuates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpetuate (third-person singular simple present perpetuates, present participle perpetuating, simple past and past participle perpetuated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧pet‧u‧ate"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "perpetuat"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nonperpetual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetualism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"US",
"historical"
],
"word": "perpetualist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetually"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetual motion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetualness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "perpetualty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
],
"word": "perpetuana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perpetuity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unperpetual"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 38 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 33 33 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 31 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "en:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1619, Francis Rous, “Of Prayer”, in The Arte of Happines. […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Iohn Parker, […], →OCLC, pages 342–343",
"text": "Noah gaue a ſacrifice of praiſe for his deliuerie from the floud, and God being praiſed for that one deliuerance, perpetuateth his benefit, and promiſeth an euerlaſting deliuerance to the earth from any more flouds.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1711, James Drake, “To Dr. Garth, on the Fourth Edition of His Incomparable Poem, The Dispensary; Occasion’d by Some Lines in the Satyr against Wit”, in Thomas Brown, compiler, The Fourth Volume of the Works of Mr. Thomas Brown, […], London: […] Sam[uel] Briscoe, and sold by J[ohn] Morphew […], and Ja[mes] Woodward […], →OCLC, page 199",
"text": "Then Bl——re ſhall this Favour ovve to thee, / That thou perpetuat'ſt his Memory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Lane V. Sunderland, “The Constitution, The Federalist, and Constitutional Principles”, in Popular Government and the Supreme Court: Securing the Public Good and Private Rights, Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, part I (Theoretical Foundations of the Constitution), page 56",
"text": "[T]he Constitution's doctrine of enumerated powers and federalism also plays a role in perpetuating individual rights.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Harry L. Gracey, “Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp”, in James M. Henslin, editor, Down to Earth Sociology, 14th edition, New York, N.Y., London: Free Press, part VIII (Social Institutions), page 447",
"text": "The educational institution is, then, one of the ways in which society is perpetuated through the systematic socialization of the young, while the nature of the society which is being perpetuated—its organization and operation, its value, beliefs, and ways of living—are determined by the primary institutions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion."
],
"id": "en-perpetuate-en-verb-6rY0oT~z",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"perpetual",
"perpetual"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"preserve",
"preserve#Verb"
],
[
"extinction",
"extinction"
],
[
"oblivion",
"oblivion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternalize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 38 39 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 33 33 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 31 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 32 32 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "en:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822 December 17, John Leach, Vice-Chancellor, “Dew v. Clarke”, in The English Reports, volume LVII (Vice-Chancellor’s Court, volume II), Edinburgh: William Green & Sons; London: Stevens & Sons, published October 1905, →OCLC, page 46",
"text": "It appears to me that this bill makes out no case for perpetuating testimony. Although it was true that the validity of the will could not, by reason of the lease, be immediately tried with the devises in trust, yet it may be immediately tried by an action for rent against the tenant. Testimony can be perpetuated only where by no means the Plaintiff can presently assert his title to the property.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.",
"To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before a matter comes to trial."
],
"id": "en-perpetuate-en-verb-rqKO93RH",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"perpetual",
"perpetual"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"preserve",
"preserve#Verb"
],
[
"extinction",
"extinction"
],
[
"oblivion",
"oblivion"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"record",
"record#Verb"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"witness",
"witness#Noun"
],
[
"lost",
"lose#Verb"
],
[
"matter",
"matter#Noun"
],
[
"comes",
"come#Verb"
],
[
"trial",
"trial#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.",
"(law) To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before a matter comes to trial."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternalize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1852, Moses Stuart, “Introduction”, in A Commentary on the Book of Proverbs, New York, N.Y.: M. W. Dodd, […], →OCLC, § 17 (Specimen of Arabic Proverbs), paragraph 64, page 116",
"text": "He who praiseth obscurity perpetuateth it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Rodney Lee Smith, “The Twenty-one Principles of a Lie”, in The 21 Principles of a Lie: The Logic of the Illogical, Mustang, Okla.: Tate Publishing & Enterprises, page 169",
"text": "[T]he major players […] have the most to either gain from perpetuating the lie to morally or ethically acknowledge the wrong of their actions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prolong the existence of (something) by repetition; to reinforce."
],
"id": "en-perpetuate-en-verb-9E2VZp1Z",
"links": [
[
"prolong",
"prolong"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"repetition",
"repetition"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To prolong the existence of (something) by repetition; to reinforce."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "continue"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "jatkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "pitkittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "maintenir"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "aufrechterhalten"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "bestendigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "festschreiben"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "verankern"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "zementieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "állandósít"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "életben tart"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "fenntart"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "aeternō"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "prōrogō"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódrži",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "о́држи"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prodlevatʹ suščestvovanije",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "продлевать существование"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrepljatʹ",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "закреплять"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "bevara"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "kalıcılaştırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "ölümsüzleştirmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "nối"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 72",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "parhau"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊeɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈpɛtjueɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔabbada",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "أَبَّدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔadāma",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "أَدَامَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵallada",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "خَلَّدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uvekovečavam",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "увековечавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "vereeuwigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "srwḏ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "s-r-wD-w-D:T12"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "säilyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpétuer"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "pérenniser"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "verewigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hintsíakh",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "הנציח"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuàre"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "eternàre"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "perennare"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "rivìvere"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuitō"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuō"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "aeternō"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ovekóveči",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "овеко́вечи"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ovekovéčuva",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "овекове́чува"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uwieczniać"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwiecznić"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetua"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvekovéčivatʹ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "увекове́чивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvekovéčitʹ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "увекове́чить"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "föreviga"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "vidmakthålla"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "ölümsüzleştirmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uvíčnjuvaty",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уві́чнювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uvíčnyty",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уві́чнити"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "säilyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "suojella"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 49 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "pérenniser"
}
],
"word": "perpetuate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Time"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peth₂-",
"id": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perpetuate",
"pos": "adjective only"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perpetuate (adjective only)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpetuātus",
"t": "perpetuated"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘characterized by the specified thing’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in the specified manner’ forming verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "Perpetuātus"
},
"expansion": "Perpetuātus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuō",
"t": "to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate"
},
"expansion": "perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuus",
"t": "everlasting, perpetual"
},
"expansion": "perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘very’"
},
"expansion": "per- (prefix meaning ‘very’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "petō",
"t": "to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)"
},
"expansion": "petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-",
"t": "to spread out; to fly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-uus",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-uus (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "perpetuare"
},
"expansion": "Italian perpetuare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English perpetuate (adjective only), borrowed from Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”) + English -ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs). Perpetuātus is the perfect passive participle of perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”), from perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”) (from per- (prefix meaning ‘very’) + petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)) + -uus (suffix forming adjectives)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\ncognates\n* Catalan perpetuar\n* Italian perpetuare\n* Old French perpetué (adjective) (Middle French perpetué (adjective)); Middle French perpétuer (verb) (modern French perpétuer (verb))\n* Old Occitan perpetuar\n* Portuguese perpetuar\n* Spanish perpetuar",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "perpetuate",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧pet‧u‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ephemeral"
}
],
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Perpetual, or made perpetual; continued for an indefinite time."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"Perpetual",
"perpetual#Adjective"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic except poetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic except poetic) Perpetual, or made perpetual; continued for an indefinite time."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternal"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊət/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛtjʊət/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-t͡ʃəwət/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "perpetuate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (fare)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Time"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "autoperpetuate"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "perpetuated"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "perpetuating"
},
{
"word": "perpetuator"
},
{
"word": "self-perpetuating"
},
{
"word": "unperpetuated"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "*peth₂-",
"id": "fare"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perpetuate",
"pos": "adjective only"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perpetuate (adjective only)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perpetuātus",
"t": "perpetuated"
},
"expansion": "Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ate",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘characterized by the specified thing’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in the specified manner’ forming verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "Perpetuātus"
},
"expansion": "Perpetuātus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuō",
"t": "to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate"
},
"expansion": "perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "perpetuus",
"t": "everlasting, perpetual"
},
"expansion": "perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per-",
"pos": "prefix meaning ‘very’"
},
"expansion": "per- (prefix meaning ‘very’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "petō",
"t": "to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)"
},
"expansion": "petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peth₂-",
"t": "to spread out; to fly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-uus",
"pos": "suffix forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-uus (suffix forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjugation"
},
"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ō",
"pos": "suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs"
},
"expansion": "-ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Catalan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "perpetuare"
},
"expansion": "Italian perpetuare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Old French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpetué",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpetué (adjective)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Middle French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "perpétuer",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "French perpétuer (verb)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "perpetuar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish perpetuar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English perpetuate (adjective only), borrowed from Latin perpetuātus (“perpetuated”) + English -ate (suffix meaning ‘characterized by [the specified thing]’ forming adjectives, and ‘to act in [the specified manner]’ forming verbs). Perpetuātus is the perfect passive participle of perpetuō (“to cause to continue uninterruptedly, to proceed with continually, to make perpetual, perpetuate”), from perpetuus (“everlasting, perpetual”) (from per- (prefix meaning ‘very’) + petō (“to ask, request; to look for; to make for (somewhere)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to spread out; to fly”)) + -uus (suffix forming adjectives)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).\ncognates\n* Catalan perpetuar\n* Italian perpetuare\n* Old French perpetué (adjective) (Middle French perpetué (adjective)); Middle French perpétuer (verb) (modern French perpétuer (verb))\n* Old Occitan perpetuar\n* Portuguese perpetuar\n* Spanish perpetuar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perpetuates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "perpetuate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perpetuate (third-person singular simple present perpetuates, present participle perpetuating, simple past and past participle perpetuated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧pet‧u‧ate"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "perpetuat"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "nonperpetual"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuable"
},
{
"word": "perpetual"
},
{
"word": "perpetualism"
},
{
"tags": [
"US",
"historical"
],
"word": "perpetualist"
},
{
"word": "perpetuality"
},
{
"word": "perpetually"
},
{
"word": "perpetual motion"
},
{
"word": "perpetualness"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "perpetualty"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"historical"
],
"word": "perpetuana"
},
{
"word": "perpetuance"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuant"
},
{
"word": "perpetuation"
},
{
"word": "perpetuative"
},
{
"word": "perpetuity"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuously"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "perpetuous"
},
{
"word": "unperpetual"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1619, Francis Rous, “Of Prayer”, in The Arte of Happines. […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Iohn Parker, […], →OCLC, pages 342–343",
"text": "Noah gaue a ſacrifice of praiſe for his deliuerie from the floud, and God being praiſed for that one deliuerance, perpetuateth his benefit, and promiſeth an euerlaſting deliuerance to the earth from any more flouds.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1711, James Drake, “To Dr. Garth, on the Fourth Edition of His Incomparable Poem, The Dispensary; Occasion’d by Some Lines in the Satyr against Wit”, in Thomas Brown, compiler, The Fourth Volume of the Works of Mr. Thomas Brown, […], London: […] Sam[uel] Briscoe, and sold by J[ohn] Morphew […], and Ja[mes] Woodward […], →OCLC, page 199",
"text": "Then Bl——re ſhall this Favour ovve to thee, / That thou perpetuat'ſt his Memory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Lane V. Sunderland, “The Constitution, The Federalist, and Constitutional Principles”, in Popular Government and the Supreme Court: Securing the Public Good and Private Rights, Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, part I (Theoretical Foundations of the Constitution), page 56",
"text": "[T]he Constitution's doctrine of enumerated powers and federalism also plays a role in perpetuating individual rights.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Harry L. Gracey, “Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp”, in James M. Henslin, editor, Down to Earth Sociology, 14th edition, New York, N.Y., London: Free Press, part VIII (Social Institutions), page 447",
"text": "The educational institution is, then, one of the ways in which society is perpetuated through the systematic socialization of the young, while the nature of the society which is being perpetuated—its organization and operation, its value, beliefs, and ways of living—are determined by the primary institutions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"perpetual",
"perpetual"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"preserve",
"preserve#Verb"
],
[
"extinction",
"extinction"
],
[
"oblivion",
"oblivion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternalize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822 December 17, John Leach, Vice-Chancellor, “Dew v. Clarke”, in The English Reports, volume LVII (Vice-Chancellor’s Court, volume II), Edinburgh: William Green & Sons; London: Stevens & Sons, published October 1905, →OCLC, page 46",
"text": "It appears to me that this bill makes out no case for perpetuating testimony. Although it was true that the validity of the will could not, by reason of the lease, be immediately tried with the devises in trust, yet it may be immediately tried by an action for rent against the tenant. Testimony can be perpetuated only where by no means the Plaintiff can presently assert his title to the property.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.",
"To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before a matter comes to trial."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"perpetual",
"perpetual"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite#Adjective"
],
[
"time",
"time#Noun"
],
[
"preserve",
"preserve#Verb"
],
[
"extinction",
"extinction"
],
[
"oblivion",
"oblivion"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"record",
"record#Verb"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"witness",
"witness#Noun"
],
[
"lost",
"lose#Verb"
],
[
"matter",
"matter#Noun"
],
[
"comes",
"come#Verb"
],
[
"trial",
"trial#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make (something) perpetual; to make (something) continue for an indefinite time; also, to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion.",
"(law) To record (the testimony of a witness) which may be lost before a matter comes to trial."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "eternalize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1852, Moses Stuart, “Introduction”, in A Commentary on the Book of Proverbs, New York, N.Y.: M. W. Dodd, […], →OCLC, § 17 (Specimen of Arabic Proverbs), paragraph 64, page 116",
"text": "He who praiseth obscurity perpetuateth it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Rodney Lee Smith, “The Twenty-one Principles of a Lie”, in The 21 Principles of a Lie: The Logic of the Illogical, Mustang, Okla.: Tate Publishing & Enterprises, page 169",
"text": "[T]he major players […] have the most to either gain from perpetuating the lie to morally or ethically acknowledge the wrong of their actions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prolong the existence of (something) by repetition; to reinforce."
],
"links": [
[
"prolong",
"prolong"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"repetition",
"repetition"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To prolong the existence of (something) by repetition; to reinforce."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "continue"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈpɛt͡ʃʊeɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈpɛtjueɪt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perpetuate.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔabbada",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "أَبَّدَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔadāma",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "أَدَامَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵallada",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "خَلَّدَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uvekovečavam",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "увековечавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "vereeuwigen"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "srwḏ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "s-r-wD-w-D:T12"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "säilyttää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpétuer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "pérenniser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "verewigen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hintsíakh",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "הנציח"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuàre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "eternàre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"literary",
"perfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "perennare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "rivìvere"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuitō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "aeternō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ovekóveči",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "овеко́вечи"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ovekovéčuva",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "овекове́чува"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uwieczniać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwiecznić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetua"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvekovéčivatʹ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "увекове́чивать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvekovéčitʹ",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "увекове́чить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "föreviga"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "vidmakthålla"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"word": "ölümsüzleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uvíčnjuvaty",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уві́чнювати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "uvíčnyty",
"sense": "to make perpetual",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "уві́чнити"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "säilyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "suojella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to preserve (something) from extinction or oblivion",
"word": "pérenniser"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "jatkaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "pitkittää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "maintenir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "aufrechterhalten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "bestendigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "festschreiben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "verankern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "zementieren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "állandósít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "életben tart"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "fenntart"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "aeternō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "prōrogō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ódrži",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "о́држи"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prodlevatʹ suščestvovanije",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "продлевать существование"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zakrepljatʹ",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "закреплять"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "perpetuar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "bevara"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "kalıcılaştırmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "ölümsüzleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "nối"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to prolong the existence of (something) by repetition — see also reinforce",
"word": "parhau"
}
],
"word": "perpetuate"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.