"neuron" meaning in English

See neuron in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ [General-American], /ˈn(j)uɹɑn/ [General-American], /ˈn(j)ɝɑn/ [General-American], /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈnjəɹɑn/ [Canada] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-neuron.wav Forms: neurons [plural], neura [plural]
Rhymes: -ʊəɹɒn, -uːɹɒn, -ɜːɹɒn Etymology: From New Latin, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”), doublet of nerve and sinew. By surface analysis, neuro- + -on. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*(s)neh₁-}}, {{der|en|NL.|-}} New Latin, {{der|en|grc|νεῦρον||nerve}} Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”), {{doublet|en|nerve|sinew|nocap=1}} doublet of nerve and sinew, {{surf|en|neuro-|-on}} By surface analysis, neuro- + -on Head templates: {{en-noun|s|neura}} neuron (plural neurons or neura)
  1. (cytology) A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses. Categories (topical): Cytology Synonyms: neurocyte, nerve cell Translations (a cell of the nervous system): عَصْبُون (ʕaṣbūn) [masculine] (Arabic), خَلِيَّة عَصَبِيَّة (ḵaliyya ʕaṣabiyya) [feminine] (Arabic), նեյրոն (neyron) (Armenian), sinir hüceyrəsi (Azerbaijani), neurônio [masculine] (Brazilian Portuguese), neurona [feminine] (Catalan), 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (sîn-keng sè-pau, sîn-keng sòe-pau) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (san⁴ ging¹ sai³ baau¹) (Chinese Cantonese), 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (shénjīng xìbāo) (Chinese Mandarin), 神經元 /神经元 (shénjīngyuán) (Chinese Mandarin), neuron [masculine] (Czech), nervecelle [common-gender] (Danish), neuron [common-gender] (Danish), neuron (Dutch), zenuwcel (Dutch), neŭrono (Esperanto), neurónio [masculine] (European Portuguese), neuroni (Finnish), hermosolu (Finnish), neurone [masculine] (French), cellule nerveuse [feminine] (French), ნეირონი (neironi) (Georgian), Neuron [neuter] (German), Nervenzelle [feminine] (German), νευρώνας (nevrónas) [masculine] (Greek), idegsejt (Hungarian), neuron (Hungarian), taugafrumu (Icelandic), neurono (Ido), neuron (Indonesian), neurocito [masculine] (Italian), 神経細胞 (shinkei saibō) (alt: しんけいさいぼう) (Japanese), нейрон (neiron) (Kazakh), жүйке жасушасы (jüike jasuşasy) (Kazakh), ណឺរ៉ូន (nəɨroun) (Khmer), 신경 세포 (sin'gyeong sepo) (alt: 神經細胞) (Korean), neuron [neuter] (Latin), neuronum [neuter] (Latin), neurocytus [masculine] (Latin), നാഡീകോശം (nāḍīkōśaṁ) (Malayalam), neayr-chillag [feminine] (Manx), pūtau io (Maori), nevron [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), nevron [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), neuron [masculine] (Polish), komórka nerwowa [feminine] (Polish), neuron [masculine] (Romanian), нейро́н (nejrón) [masculine] (Russian), не́рвная кле́тка (nérvnaja klétka) [feminine] (Russian), neurona [feminine] (Spanish), nyuroni (Swahili), neuron [common-gender] (Swedish), nervcell [common-gender] (Swedish), nöron (Turkish), sinir hücresi (Turkish), tế bào thần kinh (alt: 細胞神經) (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-neuron-en-noun-V1sXLNPe Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with neuro-, English terms suffixed with -on, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Cantonese translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hokkien translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Malayalam translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Manx translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 51 11 39 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with neuro-: 60 13 27 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -on: 56 11 34 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 52 11 37 Disambiguation of Pages with 8 entries: 52 10 38 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 52 10 38 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 50 13 37 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Cantonese translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 50 15 34 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 57 9 34 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 54 12 35 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 54 11 35 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 48 16 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Hokkien translations: 53 10 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 48 16 37 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 53 10 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Malayalam translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 50 18 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Manx translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 53 9 38 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 53 11 35 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 54 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 54 10 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Swahili translations: 53 11 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 53 10 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 53 10 36 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 53 11 36 Topics: biology, cytology, medicine, natural-sciences, sciences Disambiguation of 'a cell of the nervous system': 99 0 1
  2. (zoology) A nervure of an insect's wing. Categories (topical): Zoology
    Sense id: en-neuron-en-noun-qQ6picS8 Topics: biology, natural-sciences, zoology
  3. (artificial intelligence) an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network) Categories (topical): Artificial intelligence
    Sense id: en-neuron-en-noun-ssQGtHGC
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: neurone, neuron Hypernyms: cell Holonyms: nervous system, brain, spinal cord, somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, nerve, ganglion Meronyms: soma, neurite, axon, dendrite Related terms: neural, neuralgia, neuritis, neurology, neuroscience, neurosis, neura, neurode

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "antimirror neuron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "input neuron"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Jennifer Aniston neuron"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Purkinje neuron"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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        {
          "ref": "2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:",
          "text": "The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses."
      ],
      "id": "en-neuron-en-noun-V1sXLNPe",
      "links": [
        [
          "cytology",
          "cytology"
        ],
        [
          "nervous system",
          "nervous system"
        ],
        [
          "nerve impulse",
          "nerve impulse"
        ],
        [
          "axon",
          "axon"
        ],
        [
          "dendrite",
          "dendrite"
        ],
        [
          "synapse",
          "synapse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(cytology) A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "neurocyte"
        },
        {
          "word": "nerve cell"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "cytology",
        "medicine",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕaṣbūn",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عَصْبُون"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḵaliyya ʕaṣabiyya",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "خَلِيَّة عَصَبِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "neyron",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "նեյրոն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "sinir hüceyrəsi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "neurona"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "san⁴ ging¹ sai³ baau¹",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "sîn-keng sè-pau, sîn-keng sòe-pau",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shénjīng xìbāo",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shénjīngyuán",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "神經元 /神经元"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nervecelle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "zenuwcel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neŭrono"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neuroni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "hermosolu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neurone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cellule nerveuse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "neironi",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "ნეირონი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Nervenzelle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "nevrónas",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "νευρώνας"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "idegsejt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "taugafrumu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neurono"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neurocito"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "alt": "しんけいさいぼう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shinkei saibō",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "神経細胞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "neiron",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "нейрон"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "jüike jasuşasy",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "жүйке жасушасы"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "nəɨroun",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "ណឺរ៉ូន"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "alt": "神經細胞",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "sin'gyeong sepo",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "신경 세포"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "neuronum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neurocytus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "nāḍīkōśaṁ",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "നാഡീകോശം"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "neayr-chillag"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "pūtau io"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "nevron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "nevron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "komórka nerwowa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Brazilian Portuguese",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neurônio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "European Portuguese",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neurónio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nejrón",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "нейро́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nérvnaja klétka",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "не́рвная кле́тка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "neurona"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "nyuroni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "neuron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nervcell"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "nöron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "sinir hücresi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 1",
          "alt": "細胞神經",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
          "word": "tế bào thần kinh"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Zoology",
          "orig": "en:Zoology",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nervure of an insect's wing."
      ],
      "id": "en-neuron-en-noun-qQ6picS8",
      "links": [
        [
          "zoology",
          "zoology"
        ],
        [
          "nervure",
          "nervure"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ],
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(zoology) A nervure of an insect's wing."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences",
        "zoology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Artificial intelligence",
          "orig": "en:Artificial intelligence",
          "parents": [
            "Computer science",
            "Cybernetics",
            "Computing",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied mathematics",
            "Systems theory",
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Mathematics",
            "Systems",
            "Fundamental",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Interdisciplinary fields",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network)"
      ],
      "id": "en-neuron-en-noun-ssQGtHGC",
      "links": [
        [
          "artificial intelligence",
          "artificial intelligence"
        ],
        [
          "neural network",
          "neural network#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "artificial intelligence",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(artificial intelligence) an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)uɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)ɝɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnjʊəɹɒn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-neuron.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnjəɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊəɹɒn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːɹɒn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜːɹɒn"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "neurone"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "neuron"
    }
  ],
  "word": "neuron"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from New Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)neh₁-",
    "English terms prefixed with neuro-",
    "English terms suffixed with -on",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/uːɹɒn",
    "Rhymes:English/uːɹɒn/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜːɹɒn",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜːɹɒn/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ʊəɹɒn",
    "Rhymes:English/ʊəɹɒn/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hokkien translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Malayalam translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Manx translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "antimirror neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "input neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "interneuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jennifer Aniston neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "medium spiny neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "mirror neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "motor neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "motor neuron disease"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuronal"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuronally"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuronic"
    },
    {
      "word": "Purkinje neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "pyramidal neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "rosehip neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "sensory neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "spindle neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "spiny projection neuron"
    },
    {
      "word": "von Economo neuron"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)neh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "νεῦρον",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nerve"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nerve",
        "3": "sinew",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of nerve and sinew",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "neuro-",
        "3": "-on"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, neuro- + -on",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From New Latin, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”), doublet of nerve and sinew. By surface analysis, neuro- + -on.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "neurons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neura",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "neura"
      },
      "expansion": "neuron (plural neurons or neura)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "holonyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "nervous system"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "brain"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "spinal cord"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "somatic nervous system"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "autonomic nervous system"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "nerve"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "ganglion"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "meronyms": [
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "soma"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "neurite"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "axon"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "dendrite"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "neural"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuralgia"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuritis"
    },
    {
      "word": "neurology"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "word": "neurosis"
    },
    {
      "word": "neura"
    },
    {
      "word": "neurode"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Cytology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:",
          "text": "The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cytology",
          "cytology"
        ],
        [
          "nervous system",
          "nervous system"
        ],
        [
          "nerve impulse",
          "nerve impulse"
        ],
        [
          "axon",
          "axon"
        ],
        [
          "dendrite",
          "dendrite"
        ],
        [
          "synapse",
          "synapse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(cytology) A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "neurocyte"
        },
        {
          "word": "nerve cell"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "cytology",
        "medicine",
        "natural-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Zoology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nervure of an insect's wing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "zoology",
          "zoology"
        ],
        [
          "nervure",
          "nervure"
        ],
        [
          "insect",
          "insect"
        ],
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(zoology) A nervure of an insect's wing."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences",
        "zoology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Artificial intelligence"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "artificial intelligence",
          "artificial intelligence"
        ],
        [
          "neural network",
          "neural network#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "artificial intelligence",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(artificial intelligence) an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)uɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈn(j)ɝɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnjʊəɹɒn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-neuron.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-neuron.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈnjəɹɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊəɹɒn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-uːɹɒn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜːɹɒn"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "neurone"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:neuron",
      "word": "neuron"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕaṣbūn",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عَصْبُون"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḵaliyya ʕaṣabiyya",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "خَلِيَّة عَصَبِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "neyron",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "նեյրոն"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "sinir hüceyrəsi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "neurona"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "san⁴ ging¹ sai³ baau¹",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "sîn-keng sè-pau, sîn-keng sòe-pau",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shénjīng xìbāo",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "神經細胞 /神经细胞"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shénjīngyuán",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "神經元 /神经元"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nervecelle"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "zenuwcel"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neŭrono"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neuroni"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "hermosolu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neurone"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cellule nerveuse"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "neironi",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "ნეირონი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Nervenzelle"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "nevrónas",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "νευρώνας"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "idegsejt"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "taugafrumu"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neurono"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neurocito"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しんけいさいぼう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shinkei saibō",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "神経細胞"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "neiron",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "нейрон"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "jüike jasuşasy",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "жүйке жасушасы"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "nəɨroun",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "ណឺរ៉ូន"
    },
    {
      "alt": "神經細胞",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "sin'gyeong sepo",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "신경 세포"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "neuronum"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neurocytus"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "nāḍīkōśaṁ",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "നാഡീകോശം"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "neayr-chillag"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "pūtau io"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "nevron"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "nevron"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "komórka nerwowa"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Brazilian Portuguese",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neurônio"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "European Portuguese",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neurónio"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nejrón",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "нейро́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nérvnaja klétka",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "не́рвная кле́тка"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "neurona"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "nyuroni"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "neuron"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nervcell"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "nöron"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "sinir hücresi"
    },
    {
      "alt": "細胞神經",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "a cell of the nervous system",
      "word": "tế bào thần kinh"
    }
  ],
  "word": "neuron"
}

Download raw JSONL data for neuron meaning in English (14.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.