See malleus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"text": "A fracture of the malleus handle is a rare traumatic middle ear lesion.",
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"ref": "2010, Elaine N. Marieb, Katja Hoehn, Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8th edition, page 576:",
"text": "The tympanic cavity is spanned by the three smallest bones in the body: the auditory ossicles[…] These bones, named for their shape, are the malleus (malʹe-us; \"hammer\"); the incus (ingʹkus; \"anvil\"); and the stapes (staʹpēz; \"stirrup\"). The \"handle\" of the malleus is secured to the eardrum, and the base of the stapes fits into the oval window.",
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"word": "عُظيمة المطرقة"
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"alt": "つちこつ",
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"_dis1": "99 0 0",
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"word": "malleus"
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"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "กระดูกค้อน"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1884, “Memoirs: An Attempt to re-classify the Rotifers”, in Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 1884 s2-24, C.T.: Hudson, pages 335-356:",
"text": "[…] in the typical mastax of a Brachionus there are two hammer-like bodies (mallei), which work on a kind of split anvil (incus); […] each malleus consists of an upper part or head (uncus) and a lower or handle (manubrium);",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the paired calcareous structures within the mastax of rotifers."
],
"id": "en-malleus-en-noun-Jz8UU3RE",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"calcareous",
"calcareous"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"mastax",
"mastax"
],
[
"rotifer",
"rotifer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) One of the paired calcareous structures within the mastax of rotifers."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 16 81",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ząb"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 16 81",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chitynowa płytka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 16 81",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "młoteczek"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæl.i.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æliəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "malleus Weberi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tripus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"malleus"
],
"word": "malleus"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *melh₂-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old Church Slavonic terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æliəs",
"Rhymes:English/æliəs/3 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Skeleton",
"la:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "malleal"
},
{
"word": "mallear"
},
{
"word": "malleable"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "malleus",
"4": "",
"5": "hammer, mallet"
},
"expansion": "Latin malleus (“hammer, mallet”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "maul"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of maul",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin malleus (“hammer, mallet”). Doublet of maul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mallei",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mallei"
},
"expansion": "malleus (plural mallei)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense": "bone of the middle ear",
"word": "auditory ossicle"
},
{
"sense": "bone of the middle ear",
"word": "auditory bone"
},
{
"sense": "bone of the middle ear",
"word": "otic bone"
},
{
"sense": "bone of the middle ear",
"word": "ossicle"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A fracture of the malleus handle is a rare traumatic middle ear lesion.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Elaine N. Marieb, Katja Hoehn, Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8th edition, page 576:",
"text": "The tympanic cavity is spanned by the three smallest bones in the body: the auditory ossicles[…] These bones, named for their shape, are the malleus (malʹe-us; \"hammer\"); the incus (ingʹkus; \"anvil\"); and the stapes (staʹpēz; \"stirrup\"). The \"handle\" of the malleus is secured to the eardrum, and the base of the stapes fits into the oval window.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
],
[
"middle ear",
"middle ear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ichthyology"
],
"glosses": [
"The tripus (ossicle in cypriniform fishes)."
],
"links": [
[
"ichthyology",
"ichthyology"
],
[
"tripus",
"tripus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ichthyology) The tripus (ossicle in cypriniform fishes)."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ichthyology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1884, “Memoirs: An Attempt to re-classify the Rotifers”, in Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 1884 s2-24, C.T.: Hudson, pages 335-356:",
"text": "[…] in the typical mastax of a Brachionus there are two hammer-like bodies (mallei), which work on a kind of split anvil (incus); […] each malleus consists of an upper part or head (uncus) and a lower or handle (manubrium);",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the paired calcareous structures within the mastax of rotifers."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"calcareous",
"calcareous"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"mastax",
"mastax"
],
[
"rotifer",
"rotifer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) One of the paired calcareous structures within the mastax of rotifers."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmæl.i.əs/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æliəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "bone of the middle ear",
"word": "hammer"
},
{
"word": "malleus Weberi"
},
{
"word": "tripus"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "hamer"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "hamerbeentjie"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "عُظيمة المطرقة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čukče",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чукче"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "martell"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chuígǔ",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "錘骨 /锤骨"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kladívko"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "maleo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "vasar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "vasara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "vasaraluu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "malléus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "marteau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hammer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Malleus"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sfýra",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σφύρα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "kalapács"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "marteleto"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casúirín"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mailléas"
},
{
"alt": "つちこつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsuchikotsu",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "槌骨"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chugol",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "추골"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "çekûç"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čékanče",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "че́канче"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "hama"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hammer"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "młoteczek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "martelo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ciocan"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "molotóček",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "молото́чек"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kladivce"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "malleus"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "martillo"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "grà-dùuk-kɔ́ɔn",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "กระดูกค้อน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "çekiç"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "the small hammer-shaped bone of the middle ear",
"word": "xương búa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ząb"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chitynowa płytka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "part of the mastax of rotifers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "młoteczek"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"malleus"
],
"word": "malleus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for malleus meaning in English (10.0kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (tripus): malleus Weberi, tripus desc=tripus rest=malleus Weberi, tripus cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"malleus"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "malleus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.