"inoculate" meaning in English

See inoculate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɪˈnɒkjulɪt/ [UK], /ɪˈnɑːkjulɪt/ [General-American] Forms: inoculates [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₃ekʷ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|inoculate}} Middle English inoculate, {{der|en|la|inoculātus}} Latin inoculātus Head templates: {{en-noun}} inoculate (plural inoculates)
  1. Synonym of inoculum Synonyms: inoculum [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-noun-iIGiqKKr Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Bashkir translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 9 8 4 9 18 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 62 7 7 7 7 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 54 12 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Bashkir translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 55 10 7 8 6 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 46 11 10 10 10 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 58 8 7 7 7 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 44 12 10 11 10 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 52 10 8 7 8 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 45 10 13 8 14 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 55 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 55 8 8 7 8 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 53 10 8 8 9 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 56 10 7 7 7 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 54 10 7 7 7 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: innoculate

Verb

IPA: /ɪˈnɒkjuleɪt/ [UK], /ɪˈnɑːkjuleɪt/ [General-American] Audio: en-au-inoculate.ogg Forms: inoculates [present, singular, third-person], inoculating [participle, present], inoculated [participle, past], inoculated [past]
Etymology: From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₃ekʷ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|inoculate}} Middle English inoculate, {{der|en|la|inoculātus}} Latin inoculātus Head templates: {{en-verb}} inoculate (third-person singular simple present inoculates, present participle inoculating, simple past and past participle inoculated)
  1. (transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease. Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Immunology Synonyms: immunize, vaccinate, vaccine [archaic] Translations (to provide immunity): պատվաստել (patvastel) (Armenian), aşılamaq (Azerbaijani), peyvənd etmək (Azerbaijani), ваксинирам (vaksiniram) (Bulgarian), inocular (Catalan), inenten (Dutch), inokuli (Esperanto), rokottaa (Finnish), inoculer (French), impfen (German), inokulieren [uncommon] (German), εμβολιάζω (emvoliázo) (Greek), эмдөө (emdöö) (Kyrgyz), inocular (Portuguese), привива́ть (privivátʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), приви́ть (privítʹ) [perfective] (Russian), očkovať (Slovak), zaočkovať (Slovak), cepiti (Slovene), inocular (Spanish), inokulera (Swedish), ympa (Swedish), chích ngừa (Vietnamese), tiêm chủng (Vietnamese), chích (Vietnamese), chủng (Vietnamese), chủng ngừa (Vietnamese), tiêm phòng (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-verb-yVUCCzn6 Topics: immunology, medicine, sciences Disambiguation of 'to provide immunity': 61 10 10 10 9
  2. (transitive, by extension) To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation. Tags: broadly, transitive Translations (to safeguard as if by inoculation): ваксинирам (vaksiniram) (Bulgarian), rokottaa (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-verb-SxEbc8Aj Disambiguation of 'to safeguard as if by inoculation': 6 79 3 8 4
  3. (transitive) To add one substance to another. Tags: transitive Synonyms: spike Translations (to add one substance to another): inoculeren (Dutch), enten (Dutch), lisätä (Finnish), inympa (Swedish), inokulera (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-verb-DarHa~D7 Disambiguation of 'to add one substance to another': 9 1 88 1 1
  4. (transitive) To graft by inserting buds. Tags: transitive Translations (to graft by inserting buds): calamaq (Azerbaijani), aşılamaq (Azerbaijani), ялғау (yalğaw) (Bashkir), ашладисвам (ašladisvam) (Bulgarian), silmuttaa (Finnish), okulieren (German), äugeln (German), štepiť (Slovak), zaštepiť (Slovak)
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-verb-LMAlbpl1 Disambiguation of 'to graft by inserting buds': 2 2 1 92 4
  5. (figurative, transitive) To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles). Tags: figuratively, transitive Synonyms: imbue, implant Translations (to introduce into the mind): aşılamaq (Azerbaijani), внушавам (vnušavam) (Bulgarian), saastuttaa (note: with something harmful) (Finnish), naočkovať (Slovak), naočkovávať (Slovak)
    Sense id: en-inoculate-en-verb-wdpWkgYf Disambiguation of 'to introduce into the mind': 24 1 2 3 71
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: innoculate Related terms: inoculant, inoculation, inoculative, inoculator, inoculum, immunize, vaccinate

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "inoculate"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English inoculate",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "inoculātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inoculātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inoculates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inoculating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inoculated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inoculated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "inoculate (third-person singular simple present inoculates, present participle inoculating, simple past and past participle inoculated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "inoculant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "inoculation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "inoculative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "inoculator"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "inoculum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "immunize"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "vaccinate"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Immunology",
          "orig": "en:Immunology",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1722, John Crawford, The Case of Inoculating the Small-pox Consider'd: And Its Advantages Asserted; in a Review of Dr. Wagstaffe's Letter. Wherein Every Thing that Author Has Advanced Against It, is Fully Confuted: and Inoculation Proved a Safe, Beneficial, and Laudable Practice.:",
          "text": "But you would not willingly thus give up the Cause; therefore endeavour to draw others into your Assistance, and venture to assert, that by the Account Dr. Nettleton gives, as also by the best Observation upon those who have been Inoculated in this City, scarcely a fourth part of them have had a true and genuine Small Pox.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004 October 29, Marco R. Della Cava, “Vaccine shortage pricks tempers”, in Statesman Journal, volume 152, number 214, Salem, OR, page 2A:",
          "text": "The sense that it takes outrageous fortune to get inoculated echoes here in the Bay Area, where pharmacies have canceled flu-shot clinics, doctors turn away pleading patients and health officials are reduced to telling panicked callers that they should practice good personal hygiene.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease."
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-verb-yVUCCzn6",
      "links": [
        [
          "immunology",
          "immunology"
        ],
        [
          "introduce",
          "introduce"
        ],
        [
          "antigenic",
          "antigenic"
        ],
        [
          "vaccine",
          "vaccine"
        ],
        [
          "produce",
          "produce"
        ],
        [
          "immunity",
          "immunity"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "immunize"
        },
        {
          "word": "vaccinate"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "vaccine"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "immunology",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "patvastel",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "պատվաստել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "aşılamaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "peyvənd etmək"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vaksiniram",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "ваксинирам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inocular"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inenten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inokuli"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "rokottaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inoculer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "impfen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "tags": [
            "uncommon"
          ],
          "word": "inokulieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "emvoliázo",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "εμβολιάζω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "emdöö",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "эмдөө"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inocular"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "privivátʹ",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "привива́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "privítʹ",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "приви́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "očkovať"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "zaočkovať"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "cepiti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inocular"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "inokulera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "ympa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "chích ngừa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "tiêm chủng"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "chích"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "chủng"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "chủng ngừa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 10 10 10 9",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to provide immunity",
          "word": "tiêm phòng"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation."
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-verb-SxEbc8Aj",
      "links": [
        [
          "safeguard",
          "safeguard"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ],
        [
          "inoculation",
          "inoculation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, by extension) To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 79 3 8 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vaksiniram",
          "sense": "to safeguard as if by inoculation",
          "word": "ваксинирам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 79 3 8 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to safeguard as if by inoculation",
          "word": "rokottaa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The culture medium was inoculated with selenium to investigate the rate of uptake.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To add one substance to another."
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-verb-DarHa~D7",
      "links": [
        [
          "add",
          "add"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To add one substance to another."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "spike"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 1 88 1 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to add one substance to another",
          "word": "inoculeren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 1 88 1 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to add one substance to another",
          "word": "enten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 1 88 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to add one substance to another",
          "word": "lisätä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 1 88 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to add one substance to another",
          "word": "inympa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 1 88 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to add one substance to another",
          "word": "inokulera"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to inoculate the bud of one tree or plant into another",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "to inoculate a tree",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1420, anonymous author, edited by Barton Lodge, On husbondrie, Published for the Early English Text Society, by N. Trübner & Co., translation of original by Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius, published 1872:",
          "text": "And in Aprill figtreen inoculate",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To graft by inserting buds."
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-verb-LMAlbpl1",
      "links": [
        [
          "graft",
          "graft"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ],
        [
          "bud",
          "bud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To graft by inserting buds."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "calamaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "aşılamaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "yalğaw",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "ялғау"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ašladisvam",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "ашладисвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "silmuttaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "okulieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "äugeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "štepiť"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 1 92 4",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
          "word": "zaštepiť"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to inoculate someone with treason or infidelity",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 265, line 118:",
          "text": "For vertue cannot ſo innocculate our old ſtocke, but we ſhall relliſh of it.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1860, John Watts, The Christian Doctrine of Man's Depravity Refuted, Watts & Company, page 14:",
          "text": "The Church tries to inoculate humanity with the imaginary goodness drawn down from a fabulous heaven, and from a priest-manufactured God.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles)."
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-verb-wdpWkgYf",
      "links": [
        [
          "introduce",
          "introduce"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ],
        [
          "harmful",
          "harmful"
        ],
        [
          "idea",
          "idea"
        ],
        [
          "principle",
          "principle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, transitive) To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "imbue"
        },
        {
          "word": "implant"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "24 1 2 3 71",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
          "word": "aşılamaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 1 2 3 71",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vnušavam",
          "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
          "word": "внушавам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 1 2 3 71",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "note": "with something harmful",
          "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
          "word": "saastuttaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 1 2 3 71",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
          "word": "naočkovať"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 1 2 3 71",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
          "word": "naočkovávať"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɒkjuleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɑːkjuleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-inoculate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-au-inoculate.ogg/En-au-inoculate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-au-inoculate.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "innoculate"
    }
  ],
  "word": "inoculate"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Middle English inoculate",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "inoculātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inoculātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inoculates",
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "inoculate (plural inoculates)",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "52 9 8 4 9 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "_dis": "62 7 7 7 7 10",
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          "parents": [],
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          "_dis": "55 10 7 8 6 14",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 11 10 10 10 13",
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          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 8 7 7 7 13",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 12 10 11 10 13",
          "kind": "other",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "54 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "55 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "55 8 8 7 8 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "54 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "54 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 10 8 8 9 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "56 10 7 7 7 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 10 7 7 7 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of inoculum"
      ],
      "id": "en-inoculate-en-noun-iIGiqKKr",
      "links": [
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          "inoculum",
          "inoculum#English"
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        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
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          "word": "inoculum"
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      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɒkjulɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
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    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɑːkjulɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
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  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "innoculate"
    }
  ],
  "word": "inoculate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Bashkir translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
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  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
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      "expansion": "",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "inoculate"
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      "expansion": "Middle English inoculate",
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      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "inoculātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inoculātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inoculates",
      "tags": [
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "inoculating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
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    },
    {
      "form": "inoculated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
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    },
    {
      "form": "inoculated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "inoculate (third-person singular simple present inoculates, present participle inoculating, simple past and past participle inoculated)",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "inoculant"
    },
    {
      "word": "inoculation"
    },
    {
      "word": "inoculative"
    },
    {
      "word": "inoculator"
    },
    {
      "word": "inoculum"
    },
    {
      "word": "immunize"
    },
    {
      "word": "vaccinate"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Immunology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1722, John Crawford, The Case of Inoculating the Small-pox Consider'd: And Its Advantages Asserted; in a Review of Dr. Wagstaffe's Letter. Wherein Every Thing that Author Has Advanced Against It, is Fully Confuted: and Inoculation Proved a Safe, Beneficial, and Laudable Practice.:",
          "text": "But you would not willingly thus give up the Cause; therefore endeavour to draw others into your Assistance, and venture to assert, that by the Account Dr. Nettleton gives, as also by the best Observation upon those who have been Inoculated in this City, scarcely a fourth part of them have had a true and genuine Small Pox.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004 October 29, Marco R. Della Cava, “Vaccine shortage pricks tempers”, in Statesman Journal, volume 152, number 214, Salem, OR, page 2A:",
          "text": "The sense that it takes outrageous fortune to get inoculated echoes here in the Bay Area, where pharmacies have canceled flu-shot clinics, doctors turn away pleading patients and health officials are reduced to telling panicked callers that they should practice good personal hygiene.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "immunology",
          "immunology"
        ],
        [
          "introduce",
          "introduce"
        ],
        [
          "antigenic",
          "antigenic"
        ],
        [
          "vaccine",
          "vaccine"
        ],
        [
          "produce",
          "produce"
        ],
        [
          "immunity",
          "immunity"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, immunology) To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "immunize"
        },
        {
          "word": "vaccinate"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "vaccine"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "immunology",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "safeguard",
          "safeguard"
        ],
        [
          "protect",
          "protect"
        ],
        [
          "inoculation",
          "inoculation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, by extension) To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The culture medium was inoculated with selenium to investigate the rate of uptake.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To add one substance to another."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "add",
          "add"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To add one substance to another."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "spike"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to inoculate the bud of one tree or plant into another",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "to inoculate a tree",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1420, anonymous author, edited by Barton Lodge, On husbondrie, Published for the Early English Text Society, by N. Trübner & Co., translation of original by Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius, published 1872:",
          "text": "And in Aprill figtreen inoculate",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To graft by inserting buds."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "graft",
          "graft"
        ],
        [
          "insert",
          "insert"
        ],
        [
          "bud",
          "bud"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To graft by inserting buds."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to inoculate someone with treason or infidelity",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 265, line 118:",
          "text": "For vertue cannot ſo innocculate our old ſtocke, but we ſhall relliſh of it.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1860, John Watts, The Christian Doctrine of Man's Depravity Refuted, Watts & Company, page 14:",
          "text": "The Church tries to inoculate humanity with the imaginary goodness drawn down from a fabulous heaven, and from a priest-manufactured God.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "introduce",
          "introduce"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ],
        [
          "harmful",
          "harmful"
        ],
        [
          "idea",
          "idea"
        ],
        [
          "principle",
          "principle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, transitive) To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles)."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "imbue"
        },
        {
          "word": "implant"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɒkjuleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɑːkjuleɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-inoculate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/En-au-inoculate.ogg/En-au-inoculate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/En-au-inoculate.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "innoculate"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "patvastel",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "պատվաստել"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "aşılamaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "peyvənd etmək"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vaksiniram",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "ваксинирам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inocular"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inenten"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inokuli"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "rokottaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inoculer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "impfen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "word": "inokulieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "emvoliázo",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "εμβολιάζω"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "emdöö",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "эмдөө"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inocular"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "privivátʹ",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "привива́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "privítʹ",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "приви́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "očkovať"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "zaočkovať"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "cepiti"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inocular"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "inokulera"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "ympa"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "chích ngừa"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "tiêm chủng"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "chích"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "chủng"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "chủng ngừa"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to provide immunity",
      "word": "tiêm phòng"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vaksiniram",
      "sense": "to safeguard as if by inoculation",
      "word": "ваксинирам"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to safeguard as if by inoculation",
      "word": "rokottaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to add one substance to another",
      "word": "inoculeren"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to add one substance to another",
      "word": "enten"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to add one substance to another",
      "word": "lisätä"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to add one substance to another",
      "word": "inympa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to add one substance to another",
      "word": "inokulera"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "calamaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "aşılamaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "yalğaw",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "ялғау"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ašladisvam",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "ашладисвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "silmuttaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "okulieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "äugeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "štepiť"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to graft by inserting buds",
      "word": "zaštepiť"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
      "word": "aşılamaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vnušavam",
      "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
      "word": "внушавам"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "with something harmful",
      "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
      "word": "saastuttaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
      "word": "naočkovať"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "to introduce into the mind",
      "word": "naočkovávať"
    }
  ],
  "word": "inoculate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Bashkir translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "inoculate"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English inoculate",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "inoculātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inoculātus",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English inoculate, from Latin inoculātus, perfect passive participle of inoculō (“ingraft an eye or bud of one plant into (another), implant”), from in (“in”) + oculus (“an eye”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inoculates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "inoculate (plural inoculates)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of inoculum"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inoculum",
          "inoculum#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "inoculum"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɒkjulɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪˈnɑːkjulɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "innoculate"
    }
  ],
  "word": "inoculate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for inoculate meaning in English (14.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.