See glaive in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for glaive meaning in English (17.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "glaived"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Welsh glaive"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "From <span class=\"cited-source\">Wendelin Boeheim (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1890) “Die Glese und die Couse”, in <cite>Handbuch der Waffenkunde. Das Waffenwesen in seiner historischen Entwicklung vom Beginn des Mittelalters bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts</cite> [<cite>Handbook of Weapon Knowledge. Weaponry in Its Historical Development from the Beginning of the Middle Ages to the End of the 18th Century.</cite>] (Seemanns kunstgewerbliche Handbücher; VII), Leipzig: E. A. Seemann, <small>→OCLC</small>, figure 396, pages 343–344</span></span>.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gleyve",
"t": "lance, glaive"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "glaive",
"t": "lance; sword"
},
"expansion": "Old French glaive (“lance; sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "glavus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin glavus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gladius",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Latin gladius (“sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clāva",
"3": "",
"4": "club"
},
"expansion": "clāva (“club”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gladius"
},
"expansion": "gladius",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kladiwos",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "claideb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish claideb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-",
"t": "to beat; to break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "glavie"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch glavie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "glaye",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "glaye (“lance”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "glavîe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German glavîe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "glævîn",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "glævîn (“lance”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "glaven",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "Swedish glaven (“lance”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”), from Old French glaive (“lance; sword”), from Late Latin glavus. The further etymology is uncertain; one possibility is that glavus reflects Latin gladius (“sword”) crossed with clāva (“club”); another is that it derives from a re-crossing of gladius with Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”); yet another is that it is a borrowing into Late Latin from Old Irish claideb. All of the aforementioned words derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”). The Oxford English Dictionary notes that none of these words had the oldest meaning of Old French glaive (“lance”). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch glavie, glaye (“lance”); Middle High German glavîe, glævîn (“lance”), Swedish glaven (“lance”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glaives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "glaive (plural glaives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gladius"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 21 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Polearms",
"orig": "en:Polearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "en:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1919, R[obert] Coltman Clephan, chapter II, in The Tournament: Its Periods and Phases, London: Methuen & Co., […], →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "The lance, or glaive as it is often called, of the eleventh and twelfth centuries was quite straight and smooth; a vamplate was added in the fourteenth, small at first but larger later, for the protection of the right arm.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head."
],
"id": "en-glaive-en-noun-lKrog8Di",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"lance",
"lance#Noun"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp#Adjective"
],
[
"pointed",
"pointed#Adjective"
],
[
"head",
"head#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, historical) A light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 5 17",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lanze"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 5 17",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pike"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 5 17",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Speer"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 5 17",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light lance",
"word": "gleyve"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 5 17",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 67 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 64 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 32 2 38 0 8 7 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 21 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Polearms",
"orig": "en:Polearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "en:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, […], London: […] S. Hooper […], →OCLC, page 52",
"text": "The Welch Glaive is a kind of bill, ſometimes reckoned among the pole axes. They were formerly much in uſe. [...] In the Britiſh Muſeum there is an entry of a warrant, granted to Nicholas Spicer, authoriſing him to impreſs ſmiths for making two thouſand Welch bills or glaives.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1891, R[obert] H[enry] Codrington, “Arts of Life”, in The Melanesians: Studies in their Anthropology and Folk-lore, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 305",
"text": "With the spear comes the use of the shield; yet the San Cristoval spearmen use no such defence, but turn off spears thrown at them with long curved glaives, and the shields in use in Florida are not made in that island.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Tamora Pierce, First Test: A Tortall Legend (Protector of the Small; 1), New York, N.Y.: Ember, Random House Children’s Books, published 2018, page 22",
"text": "At that moment Ilane swung the bladed staff—glaive, Kel remembered as it swung, they called it a glaive—in a wide side cut, slicing one pirate across the chest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade fixed on the end, the edge of which is on the outside curve."
],
"id": "en-glaive-en-noun-E5g1qu2k",
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"pole",
"pole#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"blade",
"blade#Noun"
],
[
"fixed",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"end",
"end#Noun"
],
[
"edge",
"edge#Noun"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"curve",
"curve#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade fixed on the end, the edge of which is on the outside curve."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "sur",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "սուր"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "suser",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "սուսեր"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hljevija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глевія"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "kleze"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "長柄刀"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chángbǐngdāo",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "长柄刀"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gléva"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "kůsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "fuŝardo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glaive"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épée tranchante"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cardeña"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bisarma"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "Glefe f (alternative spellings",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "Gläfe f, Gleve f)"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fauchard"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "glavo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falcione"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gureibu",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "グレイブ"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "長刀"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "眉尖刀"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"alt": "なぎなた",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "naginata",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "薙刀"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geulleibeu",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "글레이브"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gleivas"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glejv",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глејв"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gleyve"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kattâre",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "کتاره"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "balârak",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "بلارک"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glewia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "bisarma"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gléfa",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́фа"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glévija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́вия"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глејв"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "glefa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guja"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lanza"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hléfa",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́фа"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hléva",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlévija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́вія"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 21 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Polearms",
"orig": "en:Polearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 22 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "en:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599, William Shakespear[e], “The Second Part of Henry IV. […]”, in The Works of Mr. William Shakespear, volume III (Consisting of Historical Plays), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon-Press, published 1770, →OCLC, act IV, scene i, page 426",
"text": "Wherefore do you ſo ill tranſlate yourſelf, / Out of the ſpeech of peace, that bears ſuch grace, / Into the harſh and boiſt'rous tongue of war? / Turning your books to glaives, your ink to blood, / Your pens to lances, and your tongue divine / To a loud trumpet, and a point of war?\nIn the First Quarto (1600) of the play and in Shakespeare’s First Folio (1623), the word is rendered as graues (graves).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1750, Allan Ramsay, “Hardyknute. A Fragment of an Old Heroic Ballad.”, in The Tea-table Miscellany: Or, A Collection of Choice Songs, Scots and English, […], 11th edition, volume I, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, stanza XXI, page 215",
"text": "Thus furth he drew his truſty glaive, / While thouſands all arround, / Drawn frae their ſheaths glanſt in the ſun, / And loud the bougills ſound.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sword, particularly a broadsword."
],
"id": "en-glaive-en-noun-XWn7oq20",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"broadsword",
"broadsword"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(loosely or poetic, archaic) A sword, particularly a broadsword."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"poetic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 16 82",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(loosely or poetic) sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡleɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-glaive.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-glaive.mp3",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-glaive.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-glaive.mp3/En-us-glaive.mp3.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "glāv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "glaive"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French nouns with multiple genders",
"Old French terms derived from Gaulish",
"Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv",
"Rhymes:English/eɪv/1 syllable",
"en:Polearms",
"en:Weapons",
"fro:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "glaived"
},
{
"word": "Welsh glaive"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "From <span class=\"cited-source\">Wendelin Boeheim (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1890) “Die Glese und die Couse”, in <cite>Handbuch der Waffenkunde. Das Waffenwesen in seiner historischen Entwicklung vom Beginn des Mittelalters bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts</cite> [<cite>Handbook of Weapon Knowledge. Weaponry in Its Historical Development from the Beginning of the Middle Ages to the End of the 18th Century.</cite>] (Seemanns kunstgewerbliche Handbücher; VII), Leipzig: E. A. Seemann, <small>→OCLC</small>, figure 396, pages 343–344</span></span>.",
"group": "n",
"name": "n1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gleyve",
"t": "lance, glaive"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "glaive",
"t": "lance; sword"
},
"expansion": "Old French glaive (“lance; sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "glavus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin glavus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gladius",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Latin gladius (“sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clāva",
"3": "",
"4": "club"
},
"expansion": "clāva (“club”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gladius"
},
"expansion": "gladius",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kladiwos",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "claideb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish claideb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelh₂-",
"t": "to beat; to break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "glavie"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch glavie",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "glaye",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "glaye (“lance”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "glavîe"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German glavîe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "glævîn",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "glævîn (“lance”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "glaven",
"t": "lance"
},
"expansion": "Swedish glaven (“lance”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”), from Old French glaive (“lance; sword”), from Late Latin glavus. The further etymology is uncertain; one possibility is that glavus reflects Latin gladius (“sword”) crossed with clāva (“club”); another is that it derives from a re-crossing of gladius with Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”); yet another is that it is a borrowing into Late Latin from Old Irish claideb. All of the aforementioned words derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”). The Oxford English Dictionary notes that none of these words had the oldest meaning of Old French glaive (“lance”). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch glavie, glaye (“lance”); Middle High German glavîe, glævîn (“lance”), Swedish glaven (“lance”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glaives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "glaive (plural glaives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gladius"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1919, R[obert] Coltman Clephan, chapter II, in The Tournament: Its Periods and Phases, London: Methuen & Co., […], →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "The lance, or glaive as it is often called, of the eleventh and twelfth centuries was quite straight and smooth; a vamplate was added in the fourteenth, small at first but larger later, for the protection of the right arm.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head."
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"lance",
"lance#Noun"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp#Adjective"
],
[
"pointed",
"pointed#Adjective"
],
[
"head",
"head#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, historical) A light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, […], London: […] S. Hooper […], →OCLC, page 52",
"text": "The Welch Glaive is a kind of bill, ſometimes reckoned among the pole axes. They were formerly much in uſe. [...] In the Britiſh Muſeum there is an entry of a warrant, granted to Nicholas Spicer, authoriſing him to impreſs ſmiths for making two thouſand Welch bills or glaives.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1891, R[obert] H[enry] Codrington, “Arts of Life”, in The Melanesians: Studies in their Anthropology and Folk-lore, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 305",
"text": "With the spear comes the use of the shield; yet the San Cristoval spearmen use no such defence, but turn off spears thrown at them with long curved glaives, and the shields in use in Florida are not made in that island.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Tamora Pierce, First Test: A Tortall Legend (Protector of the Small; 1), New York, N.Y.: Ember, Random House Children’s Books, published 2018, page 22",
"text": "At that moment Ilane swung the bladed staff—glaive, Kel remembered as it swung, they called it a glaive—in a wide side cut, slicing one pirate across the chest.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade fixed on the end, the edge of which is on the outside curve."
],
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"pole",
"pole#Noun"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"blade",
"blade#Noun"
],
[
"fixed",
"fix#Verb"
],
[
"end",
"end#Noun"
],
[
"edge",
"edge#Noun"
],
[
"outside",
"outside"
],
[
"curve",
"curve#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade fixed on the end, the edge of which is on the outside curve."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English poetic terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1599, William Shakespear[e], “The Second Part of Henry IV. […]”, in The Works of Mr. William Shakespear, volume III (Consisting of Historical Plays), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon-Press, published 1770, →OCLC, act IV, scene i, page 426",
"text": "Wherefore do you ſo ill tranſlate yourſelf, / Out of the ſpeech of peace, that bears ſuch grace, / Into the harſh and boiſt'rous tongue of war? / Turning your books to glaives, your ink to blood, / Your pens to lances, and your tongue divine / To a loud trumpet, and a point of war?\nIn the First Quarto (1600) of the play and in Shakespeare’s First Folio (1623), the word is rendered as graues (graves).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1750, Allan Ramsay, “Hardyknute. A Fragment of an Old Heroic Ballad.”, in The Tea-table Miscellany: Or, A Collection of Choice Songs, Scots and English, […], 11th edition, volume I, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, stanza XXI, page 215",
"text": "Thus furth he drew his truſty glaive, / While thouſands all arround, / Drawn frae their ſheaths glanſt in the ſun, / And loud the bougills ſound.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sword, particularly a broadsword."
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"broadsword",
"broadsword"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(loosely or poetic, archaic) A sword, particularly a broadsword."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"broadly",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡleɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪv"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-glaive.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-glaive.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
],
"text": "Audio (RP)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-glaive.mp3",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-glaive.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-glaive.mp3/En-us-glaive.mp3.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "glāv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Lanze"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pike"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Speer"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light lance",
"word": "gleyve"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "light lance",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "sur",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "սուր"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "suser",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "սուսեր"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hljevija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глевія"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "kleze"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "長柄刀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chángbǐngdāo",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "长柄刀"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gléva"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "kůsa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "fuŝardo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glaive"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épée tranchante"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cardeña"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bisarma"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "Glefe f (alternative spellings",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "Gläfe f, Gleve f)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fauchard"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "glavo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "falcione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gureibu",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "グレイブ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "長刀"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "眉尖刀"
},
{
"alt": "なぎなた",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "naginata",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "薙刀"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geulleibeu",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "글레이브"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gleivas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glejv",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глејв"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "gleyve"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kattâre",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "کتاره"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "balârak",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "بلارک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glewia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "bisarma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gléfa",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́фа"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glévija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́вия"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "глејв"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"word": "glefa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "guja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lanza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hléfa",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́фа"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hléva",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́ва"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hlévija",
"sense": "weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гле́вія"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(loosely or poetic) sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "glav"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford English Dictionary"
],
"word": "glaive"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.