See doff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "daff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "doffing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doff one's hat to"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undoffed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₂epó"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₂epó",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
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"expansion": "verb, sense 1.1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove spindle"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove fibre"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "doffen",
"t": "to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "do off"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dōn of"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōn",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōną",
"t": "to do; to make; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"t": "to do; to place, put"
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{
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"2": "do",
"3": "off"
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"name": "surf"
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"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₂epó\nThe verb is derived from Late Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”), a contraction of Middle English do off, don off, from Old English dōn of, from dōn (“to do; to put; to take off, remove”) + of (“from; off”). Dōn is derived from Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”), from Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). By surface analysis, do + off. Compare don (by surface analysis, do + on), dout (do + out), dup (do + up).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"text": "[…] Calidore perceiuing, thought it beſt / To chaunge the manner of his loftie looke; / And doffing his bright armes, himſelfe addreſt / In ſhepheards vveed, and in his hand he tooke, / In ſtead of ſteelehead ſpeare, a ſhepheards hooke, […]",
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"text": "Thou vveare a Lyons hide, doff it for ſhame, / And hang a Calues skin on thoſe recreant limbes.",
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"text": "You haue deceiu'd our truſt, / And made vs doffe our eaſie roabes of peace, / To cruſh our old limbs in vngentle ſteele, / This is not vvell my Lord, this is not vvell.",
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"text": "[T]hen made him d'off thoſe vveeds: / And ſent the Mightie vnto mightie deeds.",
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"ref": "1714, J[ohn] Gay, “Thursday; or, The Spell”, in The Shepherd’s Week. In Six Pastorals, London: […] R. Burleigh […], →OCLC, page 32, lines 20–21:",
"text": "Upon a riſing bank I ſat adovvn, / Then doff'd my ſhoe, […]",
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"text": "The little vvarriors doff the targe and ſpear, […]",
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"ref": "1778, [Frances Burney], “Letter XXI. Evelina in Continuation.”, in Evelina, or, A Young Lady’s Entrance into the World, volume III, London: […] T[homas] Lowndes, […], →OCLC, page 252:",
"text": "[J]uſt for fun's ſake, doff your coat and vvaiſtcoat, and ſvvop vvith Monſieur Grinagain here, and I'll vvarrant you'll not knovv yourſelf vvhich is vvhich.",
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"ref": "1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto Sixth. The Battle.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza XI, page 333:",
"text": "Beside him ancient Angus stood, / Doffed his furred gown, and sable hood; […]",
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"ref": "1830 November – 1831 November (date written), Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter XI, in Tales of My Landlord, Fourth and Last Series. […], volume II (Count Robert of Paris), Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Company] for Robert Cadell; London: Whittaker and Co., published 1 December 1831 (indicated as 1832), →OCLC, page 279:",
"text": "I pray thee to call my slaves to unarm me; and when thou thyself doffest those weapons of an ordinary lifeguard's-man, tell them they never shall above twice more enclose the limbs of one for whom fate has much more fitting garments in store.",
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"text": "Thou turnedst my mourning to dancing: / Thou doffedst my sackcloth, / And girdedst me round with gladness.",
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"ref": "1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "But in the falling afternoon return'd / The huge Earl Doorm with plunder to the hall. / His lusty spearmen follow'd him with noise: / Each hurling down a heap of things that rang / Against the pavement, cast his lance aside, / And doff'd his helm: […]",
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"ref": "1867, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Adirondacs. A Journal. Dedicated to My Fellow-travellers in August, 1858.”, in May-Day and Other Pieces, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 47:",
"text": "[A]t night, or in the rain, / He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn: […]",
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"ref": "1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter 7, in Jeeves in the Offing, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1963 (1975 printing), →OCLC, page 59:",
"text": "She had doffed the shirt and Bermuda-shorts which she had been wearing and was now dressed for her journey home.",
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],
"glosses": [
"To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-4ZyNNFxl",
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[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"remove",
"remove#Verb"
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[
"take off",
"take off#Verb"
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[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"armour",
"armor#Noun"
],
[
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"carry#Verb"
]
],
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"(transitive)",
"(chiefly clothing) To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)."
],
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"transitive"
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"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
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"text": "[H]is courtesy to show, / He doffed, to Marmion bending low, / His broidered cap and plume.",
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"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).",
"To remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-en:hat",
"links": [
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"clothing#Noun"
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[
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[
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"take off#Verb"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"armour",
"armor#Noun"
],
[
"carried",
"carry#Verb"
],
[
"tip",
"tip#Verb"
],
[
"hat",
"hat#Noun"
],
[
"headwear",
"headwear"
],
[
"greeting",
"greeting#Noun"
],
[
"salutation",
"salutation"
],
[
"mark",
"mark#Noun"
],
[
"respect",
"respect#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly clothing) To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).",
"To remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hat"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
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"business",
"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
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"text": "VVhy art thou troubled Herod? vvhat vaine feare / Thy blood-revolving Breſt to rage doth move? / Heavens King, vvho doffs himſelfe vveake fleſh to vveare, / Comes not to rule in vvrath, but ſerve in love.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undress (oneself); to divest, to strip."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-65kHoG6l",
"links": [
[
"undress",
"undress#Verb"
],
[
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"divest"
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[
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"strip#Verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic except UK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(reflexive, archaic except UK, dialectal) To undress (oneself); to divest, to strip."
],
"tags": [
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"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
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"text": "[…] Romeo doffe thy name, / And for thy name vvhich is no part of thee, / Take all my ſelfe.",
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},
{
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"text": "[H]ee (to requite their courteſie) oftentimes d'offeth off his ovvne Nature, and puts of theirs; as vvhen hee becomes as churliſh as a Hogge, or as drunke as a Sovv: […]",
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},
{
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"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 147, column 2:",
"text": "Novv is the time of helpe: your eye in Scotland / VVould create Soldiours, make our vvomen fight, / To doffe their dire diſtreſſes.",
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"ref": "[1781?], [Charles] Dibdin, “Poor Tom: Or, The Sailor’s Epitaph”, in The Bull-finch. Being a Choice Collection of the Newest and Most Favourite English Songs which have been Sett to Music and Sung at the Public Theatres & Gardens, London: […] G[eorge] Robinson and R[ichards] Baldwin […], and G. & J. Wilkie […], →OCLC, stanza 3, page 199:",
"text": "Thus death, vvho kings and tars deſpatches, / Tom's life hath vainly doff'd; / For though his body's under hatches, / His ſoul is gone aloft.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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"text": "Power laid his rod of rule aside, / And Ceremony doffed his pride.",
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}
],
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"To cast aside or get rid of (something), to throw off."
],
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"cast aside"
],
[
"get rid of",
"get rid of"
],
[
"throw off",
"throw off"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative) To cast aside or get rid of (something), to throw off."
],
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"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
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],
"glosses": [
"To remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of spun yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-en:remove_spindle",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
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[
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"bobbin"
],
[
"spindle",
"spindle#Noun"
],
[
"full",
"full#Adjective"
],
[
"spun",
"spin#Verb"
],
[
"yarn",
"yarn#Noun"
],
[
"spinning frame",
"spinning frame"
],
[
"replacement",
"replacement"
],
[
"empty",
"empty#Adjective"
]
],
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"(transitive)",
"(textiles)",
"To remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of spun yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one."
],
"senseid": [
"en:remove spindle"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 9 2 5 53 8 1 4 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one",
"word": "vaihtaa"
}
]
},
{
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],
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"To remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-en:remove_fibre",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"pieces",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"cotton",
"cotton#Noun"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre"
],
[
"carding",
"card#Verb"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(textiles)",
"To remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder."
],
"senseid": [
"en:remove fibre"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 6 2 1 8 70 1 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder",
"word": "kuoria"
}
]
},
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"text": "Euery day, thou dofftſt me, vvith ſome deuiſe Iago; / And rather, as it ſeemes to me, thou keepeſt from me, / All conueniency, then ſupplieſt me, vvith the leaſt / Aduantage of hope: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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"ref": "a. 1638 (date written), Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “The Sad Shepherd: Or, A Tale of Robin-Hood”, in The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. The Second Volume. […] (Second Folio), London: […] Richard Meighen, published 1640, →OCLC, Act I, scene iiii, page 134:",
"text": "VVhen to one Goat, they reach that prickly vveed, / VVhich maketh all the reſt forbeare to feed; / Or ſtrevv Tods haires, or vvith their tailes do ſvveepe / The devvy graſſe, to d'off the ſimpler ſheepe; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put off or turn away (someone) with an excuse, etc."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-YdHETGwV",
"links": [
[
"put off",
"put off"
],
[
"turn away",
"turn away"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(obsolete) To put off or turn away (someone) with an excuse, etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
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"text": "And [the goose] feeding high, and living soft, / Grew plump and able-bodied; / Until the grave churchwarden doff'd, / The parson smirk'd and nodded.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-IqTZoXow",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare)",
"(archaic) To remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"tags": [
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"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
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{
"_dis": "15 14 14 5 13 12 3 5 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 13 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
135,
139
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],
"ref": "1763 June 20 (first performance), Samuel Foote, The Mayor of Garret. A Comedy, […], London: […] P[aul] Vaillant, […], published 1764, →OCLC, Act II, scene [ii], page 45:",
"text": "VVhy, look'ye, Major Sturgeon, I don't much care for your poppers and ſharpes, becauſe vvhy, they are out of my vvay; but if you vvill doff vvith your boots, and box a couple of bouts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by with: to remove or take off something worn on the body, or something carried."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-verb-rPVNOklu",
"links": [
[
"with",
"with#Preposition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare)",
"(obsolete) Followed by with: to remove or take off something worn on the body, or something carried."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɒf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɑf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "svaljam",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "свалям"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "treure"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sundat"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sundat si"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "uitdoen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ontdoen"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "devesti"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "riisua"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ôter"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "enlever"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "togliere"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "exuō"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "unu"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "snimátʹ",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "снима́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "quitarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "kaḻaṟṟu",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "கழற்று"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"lang_code": "bo",
"roman": "phud",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ཕུད"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 37 1 2 1 1 2 1 19",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "cởi"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 34 2 3 5 4 2 36 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "snemam",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "снемам"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 34 2 3 5 4 2 36 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "smeknout"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 34 2 3 5 4 2 36 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "nostaa hattua"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 34 2 3 5 4 2 36 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "snimátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "снима́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 34 2 3 5 4 2 36 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "bỏ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lipton",
"Masson Mill",
"Thomas Lipton",
"doffing cylinder"
],
"word": "doff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₂epó"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₂epó",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove spindle"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove fibre"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doffen",
"t": "to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contraction"
},
"expansion": "contraction",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "do off"
},
"expansion": "Middle English do off",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dōn of"
},
"expansion": "Old English dōn of",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōn",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōną",
"t": "to do; to make; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "do",
"3": "off"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, do + off",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₂epó\nThe verb is derived from Late Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”), a contraction of Middle English do off, don off, from Old English dōn of, from dōn (“to do; to put; to take off, remove”) + of (“from; off”). Dōn is derived from Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”), from Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). By surface analysis, do + off. Compare don (by surface analysis, do + on), dout (do + out), dup (do + up).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doff (plural doffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 4 15 13 3 2 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 11 3 10 8 2 3 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 10 14 12 2 2 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 3 15 12 2 3 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 15 15 2 16 12 1 2 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 17 17 4 11 12 3 5 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 5 12 12 3 5 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 13 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 5 12 11 4 6 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 14 4 12 12 3 4 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 12 3 5 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 4 12 11 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 15 15 4 10 16 8 4 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 14 4 12 12 3 4 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 12 3 5 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 13 4 13 14 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 14 4 12 12 3 4 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 15 4 13 13 4 4 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 13 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 5 13 12 3 5 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 14 4 12 13 3 5 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
39
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"ref": "1606, A Pleasant Comedie, Called Wily Beguilde. […], London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Clement Knight; […], →OCLC, [scene xi], page 38, lines [1221–1222]:",
"text": "Faith, Lelia has een giuen him the doff off here, and has made hir father almoſt ſtarke mad.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by off: an act of putting off or turning away someone with an excuse, etc."
],
"id": "en-doff-en-noun-srRNRL2A",
"links": [
[
"off",
"off#Preposition"
],
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"putting off",
"put off"
],
[
"turning away",
"turn away"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) Followed by off: an act of putting off or turning away someone with an excuse, etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɒf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɑf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒf"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lipton",
"Masson Mill",
"Thomas Lipton",
"doffing cylinder"
],
"word": "doff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English dated terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English literary terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂epó",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Northern England English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒf",
"Rhymes:English/ɒf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "daff"
},
{
"word": "doffer"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "doffing"
},
{
"word": "doff one's hat to"
},
{
"word": "undoffed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₂epó"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₂epó",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove spindle"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove fibre"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doffen",
"t": "to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contraction"
},
"expansion": "contraction",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "do off"
},
"expansion": "Middle English do off",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dōn of"
},
"expansion": "Old English dōn of",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōn",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōną",
"t": "to do; to make; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "do",
"3": "off"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, do + off",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₂epó\nThe verb is derived from Late Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”), a contraction of Middle English do off, don off, from Old English dōn of, from dōn (“to do; to put; to take off, remove”) + of (“from; off”). Dōn is derived from Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”), from Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). By surface analysis, do + off. Compare don (by surface analysis, do + on), dout (do + out), dup (do + up).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "glossary",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doffest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doffedst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "doffs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doffeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "doff",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "doffing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "doffed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doff (third-person singular simple present doffs, present participle doffing, simple past and past participle doffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chiefly",
"3": "literary",
"4": "and",
"5": "dated",
"6": "except",
"7": "Northern England"
},
"expansion": "(chiefly literary and dated except Northern England)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "don"
},
{
"word": "put on"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Clothing"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
92,
99
]
],
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 36, page 476:",
"text": "[…] Calidore perceiuing, thought it beſt / To chaunge the manner of his loftie looke; / And doffing his bright armes, himſelfe addreſt / In ſhepheards vveed, and in his hand he tooke, / In ſtead of ſteelehead ſpeare, a ſhepheards hooke, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
30
]
],
"ref": "c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 9, column 1:",
"text": "Thou vveare a Lyons hide, doff it for ſhame, / And hang a Calues skin on thoſe recreant limbes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
48
]
],
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], signature I2, recto:",
"text": "You haue deceiu'd our truſt, / And made vs doffe our eaſie roabes of peace, / To cruſh our old limbs in vngentle ſteele, / This is not vvell my Lord, this is not vvell.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"ref": "1626, Ovid, “The Thirteenth Booke”, in George Sandys, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished […], London: […] William Stansby, →OCLC, page 259:",
"text": "[T]hen made him d'off thoſe vveeds: / And ſent the Mightie vnto mightie deeds.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
46
]
],
"ref": "1714, J[ohn] Gay, “Thursday; or, The Spell”, in The Shepherd’s Week. In Six Pastorals, London: […] R. Burleigh […], →OCLC, page 32, lines 20–21:",
"text": "Upon a riſing bank I ſat adovvn, / Then doff'd my ſhoe, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"ref": "1771, James Beattie, The Minstrel; or, The Progress of Genius. A Poem. Book the First, London: […] E[dward] & C[harles] Dilly, […]; Edinburgh: A[lexander] Kincaid and W[illiam] Creech; and J[ohn] Bell, […], →OCLC, stanza XXXVII, page 19:",
"text": "The little vvarriors doff the targe and ſpear, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
27
]
],
"ref": "1778, [Frances Burney], “Letter XXI. Evelina in Continuation.”, in Evelina, or, A Young Lady’s Entrance into the World, volume III, London: […] T[homas] Lowndes, […], →OCLC, page 252:",
"text": "[J]uſt for fun's ſake, doff your coat and vvaiſtcoat, and ſvvop vvith Monſieur Grinagain here, and I'll vvarrant you'll not knovv yourſelf vvhich is vvhich.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
40
]
],
"ref": "1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto Sixth. The Battle.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza XI, page 333:",
"text": "Beside him ancient Angus stood, / Doffed his furred gown, and sable hood; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
65,
72
]
],
"ref": "1830 November – 1831 November (date written), Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter XI, in Tales of My Landlord, Fourth and Last Series. […], volume II (Count Robert of Paris), Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Company] for Robert Cadell; London: Whittaker and Co., published 1 December 1831 (indicated as 1832), →OCLC, page 279:",
"text": "I pray thee to call my slaves to unarm me; and when thou thyself doffest those weapons of an ordinary lifeguard's-man, tell them they never shall above twice more enclose the limbs of one for whom fate has much more fitting garments in store.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
53
]
],
"ref": "1850, Frederic Fysh, “Psalm XXX. A Psalm (a Song at the Dedication of the House) of David.”, in A Lyrical Literal Version of the Psalms. […], volume I, London: Seeleys […], →OCLC, stanza III, verse 11, page 56:",
"text": "Thou turnedst my mourning to dancing: / Thou doffedst my sackcloth, / And girdedst me round with gladness.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
231,
237
]
],
"ref": "1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "But in the falling afternoon return'd / The huge Earl Doorm with plunder to the hall. / His lusty spearmen follow'd him with noise: / Each hurling down a heap of things that rang / Against the pavement, cast his lance aside, / And doff'd his helm: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
62
]
],
"ref": "1867, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Adirondacs. A Journal. Dedicated to My Fellow-travellers in August, 1858.”, in May-Day and Other Pieces, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 47:",
"text": "[A]t night, or in the rain, / He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"ref": "1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter 7, in Jeeves in the Offing, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1963 (1975 printing), →OCLC, page 59:",
"text": "She had doffed the shirt and Bermuda-shorts which she had been wearing and was now dressed for her journey home.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)."
],
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"remove",
"remove#Verb"
],
[
"take off",
"take off#Verb"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"armour",
"armor#Noun"
],
[
"carried",
"carry#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly clothing) To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "don"
},
{
"word": "put on"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Clothing"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"text": "The rustics doffed their hats at the clergy.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"ref": "1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto Fifth. The Court.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza VIII, page 252:",
"text": "[H]is courtesy to show, / He doffed, to Marmion bending low, / His broidered cap and plume.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
44
]
],
"ref": "2010, Jim Burke, “Hail the Chap”, in I Say!, performed by Mr.B The Gentleman Rhymer [pseudonym; Jim Burke]:",
"text": "Were there really seventy-three ways to doff one's hat? / There were! I'd rather suspected that",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).",
"To remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"links": [
[
"clothing",
"clothing#Noun"
],
[
"remove",
"remove#Verb"
],
[
"take off",
"take off#Verb"
],
[
"worn",
"wear#Verb"
],
[
"body",
"body#Noun"
],
[
"armour",
"armor#Noun"
],
[
"carried",
"carry#Verb"
],
[
"tip",
"tip#Verb"
],
[
"hat",
"hat#Noun"
],
[
"headwear",
"headwear"
],
[
"greeting",
"greeting#Noun"
],
[
"salutation",
"salutation"
],
[
"mark",
"mark#Noun"
],
[
"respect",
"respect#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(chiefly clothing) To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).",
"To remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hat"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"clothing",
"fashion",
"lifestyle",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
116,
121
]
],
"ref": "1646, Richard Crashaw, “Sospetto d’Herode. Libro Primo.”, in Steps to the Temple. Sacred Poems, with Other Delights of the Muses, London: […] T. W. for Humphrey Moseley, […], →OCLC, stanza 65, page 72:",
"text": "VVhy art thou troubled Herod? vvhat vaine feare / Thy blood-revolving Breſt to rage doth move? / Heavens King, vvho doffs himſelfe vveake fleſh to vveare, / Comes not to rule in vvrath, but ſerve in love.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undress (oneself); to divest, to strip."
],
"links": [
[
"undress",
"undress#Verb"
],
[
"divest",
"divest"
],
[
"strip",
"strip#Verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "archaic except UK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(reflexive, archaic except UK, dialectal) To undress (oneself); to divest, to strip."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
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],
"text": "Doff that stupid idea: it will never work.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"ref": "c. 1591–1595 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] Romeo and Iuliet. […] (Second Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Cuthbert Burby, […], published 1599, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], signature D2, verso:",
"text": "[…] Romeo doffe thy name, / And for thy name vvhich is no part of thee, / Take all my ſelfe.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
54
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],
"ref": "1599 (first performance), B. I. [i.e., Ben Jonson], The Comicall Satyre of Euery Man out of His Humor. […], London: […] [Adam Islip] for William Holme, […], published 1600, →OCLC, Act V, scene iii, signature [P iv], verso:",
"text": "[H]ee (to requite their courteſie) oftentimes d'offeth off his ovvne Nature, and puts of theirs; as vvhen hee becomes as churliſh as a Hogge, or as drunke as a Sovv: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
103,
108
]
],
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 147, column 2:",
"text": "Novv is the time of helpe: your eye in Scotland / VVould create Soldiours, make our vvomen fight, / To doffe their dire diſtreſſes.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
69,
75
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],
"ref": "[1781?], [Charles] Dibdin, “Poor Tom: Or, The Sailor’s Epitaph”, in The Bull-finch. Being a Choice Collection of the Newest and Most Favourite English Songs which have been Sett to Music and Sung at the Public Theatres & Gardens, London: […] G[eorge] Robinson and R[ichards] Baldwin […], and G. & J. Wilkie […], →OCLC, stanza 3, page 199:",
"text": "Thus death, vvho kings and tars deſpatches, / Tom's life hath vainly doff'd; / For though his body's under hatches, / His ſoul is gone aloft.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
49,
55
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],
"ref": "1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Introduction to Canto Sixth: To Richard Heber, Esq.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, page 301:",
"text": "Power laid his rod of rule aside, / And Ceremony doffed his pride.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cast aside or get rid of (something), to throw off."
],
"links": [
[
"cast aside",
"cast aside"
],
[
"get rid of",
"get rid of"
],
[
"throw off",
"throw off"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(figurative) To cast aside or get rid of (something), to throw off."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of spun yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one."
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"bobbin",
"bobbin"
],
[
"spindle",
"spindle#Noun"
],
[
"full",
"full#Adjective"
],
[
"spun",
"spin#Verb"
],
[
"yarn",
"yarn#Noun"
],
[
"spinning frame",
"spinning frame"
],
[
"replacement",
"replacement"
],
[
"empty",
"empty#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(textiles)",
"To remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of spun yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one."
],
"senseid": [
"en:remove spindle"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder."
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"small",
"small#Adjective"
],
[
"pieces",
"piece#Noun"
],
[
"cotton",
"cotton#Noun"
],
[
"plant",
"plant#Noun"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre"
],
[
"carding",
"card#Verb"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(textiles)",
"To remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder."
],
"senseid": [
"en:remove fibre"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
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],
"ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], pages 77–78:",
"text": "Euery day, thou dofftſt me, vvith ſome deuiſe Iago; / And rather, as it ſeemes to me, thou keepeſt from me, / All conueniency, then ſupplieſt me, vvith the leaſt / Aduantage of hope: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
178,
183
]
],
"ref": "a. 1638 (date written), Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “The Sad Shepherd: Or, A Tale of Robin-Hood”, in The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. The Second Volume. […] (Second Folio), London: […] Richard Meighen, published 1640, →OCLC, Act I, scene iiii, page 134:",
"text": "VVhen to one Goat, they reach that prickly vveed, / VVhich maketh all the reſt forbeare to feed; / Or ſtrevv Tods haires, or vvith their tailes do ſvveepe / The devvy graſſe, to d'off the ſimpler ſheepe; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put off or turn away (someone) with an excuse, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"put off",
"put off"
],
[
"turn away",
"turn away"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(obsolete) To put off or turn away (someone) with an excuse, etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
108,
114
]
],
"ref": "1832, Alfred Tennyson, “The Goose”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1842, →OCLC, stanza V, page 231:",
"text": "And [the goose] feeding high, and living soft, / Grew plump and able-bodied; / Until the grave churchwarden doff'd, / The parson smirk'd and nodded.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare)",
"(archaic) To remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
135,
139
]
],
"ref": "1763 June 20 (first performance), Samuel Foote, The Mayor of Garret. A Comedy, […], London: […] P[aul] Vaillant, […], published 1764, →OCLC, Act II, scene [ii], page 45:",
"text": "VVhy, look'ye, Major Sturgeon, I don't much care for your poppers and ſharpes, becauſe vvhy, they are out of my vvay; but if you vvill doff vvith your boots, and box a couple of bouts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by with: to remove or take off something worn on the body, or something carried."
],
"links": [
[
"with",
"with#Preposition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare)",
"(obsolete) Followed by with: to remove or take off something worn on the body, or something carried."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɒf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɑf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "svaljam",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "свалям"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "treure"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sundat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sundat si"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "uitdoen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ontdoen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "devesti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "riisua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ôter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "enlever"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "togliere"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "exuō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "unu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "snimátʹ",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "снима́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "quitarse"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"roman": "kaḻaṟṟu",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "கழற்று"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"lang_code": "bo",
"roman": "phud",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "ཕུད"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "to remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried)",
"word": "cởi"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "snemam",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "снемам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "smeknout"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "nostaa hattua"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "snimátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "снима́ть"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "(transitive) to remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect; (intransitive) to remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect",
"word": "bỏ"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one",
"word": "vaihtaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "to remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder",
"word": "kuoria"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lipton",
"Masson Mill",
"Thomas Lipton",
"doffing cylinder"
],
"word": "doff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English dated terms",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English literary terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂epó",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Northern England English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒf",
"Rhymes:English/ɒf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₂epó"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₂epó",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hat"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.1.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove spindle"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "remove fibre"
},
"expansion": "verb, sense 1.4.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "doffen",
"t": "to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming"
},
"expansion": "Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contraction"
},
"expansion": "contraction",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "do off"
},
"expansion": "Middle English do off",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dōn of"
},
"expansion": "Old English dōn of",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dōn",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dōną",
"t": "to do; to make; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-",
"t": "to do; to place, put"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "do",
"3": "off"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, do + off",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₂epó\nThe verb is derived from Late Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”), a contraction of Middle English do off, don off, from Old English dōn of, from dōn (“to do; to put; to take off, remove”) + of (“from; off”). Dōn is derived from Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”), from Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). By surface analysis, do + off. Compare don (by surface analysis, do + on), dout (do + out), dup (do + up).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "doffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "doff (plural doffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
35,
39
]
],
"ref": "1606, A Pleasant Comedie, Called Wily Beguilde. […], London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Clement Knight; […], →OCLC, [scene xi], page 38, lines [1221–1222]:",
"text": "Faith, Lelia has een giuen him the doff off here, and has made hir father almoſt ſtarke mad.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Followed by off: an act of putting off or turning away someone with an excuse, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"off",
"off#Preposition"
],
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"putting off",
"put off"
],
[
"turning away",
"turn away"
],
[
"excuse",
"excuse#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) Followed by off: an act of putting off or turning away someone with an excuse, etc."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɒf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɑf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-doff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-doff.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒf"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lipton",
"Masson Mill",
"Thomas Lipton",
"doffing cylinder"
],
"word": "doff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for doff meaning in English (36.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.