See dismay in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dismayen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dismayen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "*desmaiier"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman *desmaiier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esmaier",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Old French esmaier (“to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*exmagare",
"4": "",
"5": "to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maginą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maginą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*megʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan, megin",
"3": "",
"4": "power, might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mæġen",
"3": "",
"4": "might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old English mæġen (“might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "magan",
"3": "",
"4": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Old English magan (“to be able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "desmaiar",
"3": "",
"4": "to faint"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esmayar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish esmayar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dismayen, from Anglo-Norman *desmaiier, alteration of Old French esmaier (“to frighten”), probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable, empower”), from Proto-Germanic *maginą, *maganą (“might, power”), from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”).\nAkin to Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”), Old English mæġen (“might, main”), Old High German magan, mugan (“to be powerful, able”), Old English magan (“to be able”). Cognate with Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”) and Spanish esmayar. See also Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. More at main, may.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dismays",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dismaying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dismayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dismayed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dismay (third-person singular simple present dismays, present participle dismaying, simple past and past participle dismayed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 20 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 25 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 1 43 11 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fear",
"orig": "en:Fear",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Josh i:9:",
"text": "Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1600, [Torquato Tasso], “(please specify |book=1 to 20)”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC:",
"text": "What words be these? What fears do you dismay?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to feel apprehension; great sadness, or fear; to deprive of energy"
],
"id": "en-dismay-en-verb-KkRF9tQH",
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "appall"
},
{
"word": "terrify"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uplašvam",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "уплашвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "užasjavam",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "ужасявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poděsit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "děsit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyděsit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "vystrašit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "strašit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postrašit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ohromit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odradit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odstrašit"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "met wanhoop vervullen"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "tyrmistyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "affliger"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megdöbbent"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "elképeszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "elborzaszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megrémít"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megrémiszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megijeszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "abbattersi"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "mortificare"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "mortificarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollada",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "놀라다"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeong'akhada",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "경악하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "pororaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "assombrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasátʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ужаса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasnútʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ужасну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "трево́жить"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstrevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "встрево́жить"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "ohromiť"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 18 18",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "ödünü koparmak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 20 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 25 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 40:",
"text": "Do not dismay yourself for this.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet."
],
"id": "en-dismay-en-verb-PILBRThf",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "vyděsit k smrti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochromit"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ochromovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "laten besterven"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "lannistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "mortifier"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "scoraggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "scoraggiarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 96 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "mortificarsi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 20 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 25 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], line 1:",
"text": "Dismay not, princes, at this accident,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay."
],
"id": "en-dismay-en-verb-NLrLlYWt",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zhrozit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zděsit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyděsit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "angstig zijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "tyrmistyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 3 86",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "avoir peur"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dismay.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg/En-us-dismay.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
}
],
"word": "dismay"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dismayen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dismayen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "*desmaiier"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman *desmaiier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esmaier",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Old French esmaier (“to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*exmagare",
"4": "",
"5": "to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maginą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maginą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*megʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan, megin",
"3": "",
"4": "power, might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mæġen",
"3": "",
"4": "might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old English mæġen (“might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "magan",
"3": "",
"4": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Old English magan (“to be able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "desmaiar",
"3": "",
"4": "to faint"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esmayar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish esmayar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dismayen, from Anglo-Norman *desmaiier, alteration of Old French esmaier (“to frighten”), probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable, empower”), from Proto-Germanic *maginą, *maganą (“might, power”), from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”).\nAkin to Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”), Old English mæġen (“might, main”), Old High German magan, mugan (“to be powerful, able”), Old English magan (“to be able”). Cognate with Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”) and Spanish esmayar. See also Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. More at main, may.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "dismay (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 23 13 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 20 21 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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},
{
"_dis": "37 27 16 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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},
{
"_dis": "55 14 15 8 8",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "31 21 21 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 18 25 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 19 20 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 22 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 19 20 15 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 18 18 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 17 17 22 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 20 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 18 18 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 18 18 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 22 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 22 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 25 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 20 20 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 22 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 18 18 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 20 20 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 17 17 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 22 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 20 20 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He looked in dismay at the destruction of the town caused by the hurricane.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:",
"text": "Come on: in this there can be no dismay;\nMy ships come home a month before the day.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden or complete loss of courage and firmness in the face of trouble or danger; overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits"
],
"id": "en-dismay-en-noun-SFQVR5CO",
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"danger",
"danger"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consternation"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strah",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "страх"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smut",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "смут"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zděšení"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úděs"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hrůza"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "poděšení"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vyděšení"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strach"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ochromení"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "teleurstelling"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "tyrmistys"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désarroi"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "consternation"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Furcht"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ohnmacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "döbbenet"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "megdöbbenés"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "megrökönyödés"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "elképedés"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anfais"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anbhá"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbigottimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "costernazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smarrimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"alt": "ろうばい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rōbai",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "狼狽"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollam",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "놀람"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeong'ak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "경악"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "silmang",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "실망"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "pororaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "przerażenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espanto"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "desperare"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spaimă"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strax",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "страх"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unýnije",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уны́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ispúg",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "испу́г"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ohromenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údes"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zhrozenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espanto"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estupefacción"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "consternación"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 29 20 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 20 25 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Condition fitted to dismay; ruin."
],
"id": "en-dismay-en-noun-boQw~gdY",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dismay.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg/En-us-dismay.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
}
],
"word": "dismay"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Fear"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dismayen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dismayen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "*desmaiier"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman *desmaiier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esmaier",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Old French esmaier (“to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*exmagare",
"4": "",
"5": "to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maginą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maginą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*megʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan, megin",
"3": "",
"4": "power, might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mæġen",
"3": "",
"4": "might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old English mæġen (“might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "magan",
"3": "",
"4": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Old English magan (“to be able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "desmaiar",
"3": "",
"4": "to faint"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esmayar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish esmayar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dismayen, from Anglo-Norman *desmaiier, alteration of Old French esmaier (“to frighten”), probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable, empower”), from Proto-Germanic *maginą, *maganą (“might, power”), from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”).\nAkin to Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”), Old English mæġen (“might, main”), Old High German magan, mugan (“to be powerful, able”), Old English magan (“to be able”). Cognate with Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”) and Spanish esmayar. See also Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. More at main, may.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dismays",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dismaying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dismayed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dismayed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dismay (third-person singular simple present dismays, present participle dismaying, simple past and past participle dismayed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Josh i:9:",
"text": "Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1600, [Torquato Tasso], “(please specify |book=1 to 20)”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC:",
"text": "What words be these? What fears do you dismay?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to feel apprehension; great sadness, or fear; to deprive of energy"
],
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "appall"
},
{
"word": "terrify"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 40:",
"text": "Do not dismay yourself for this.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], line 1:",
"text": "Dismay not, princes, at this accident,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dismay.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg/En-us-dismay.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "uplašvam",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "уплашвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "užasjavam",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "ужасявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poděsit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "děsit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyděsit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "vystrašit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "strašit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "postrašit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ohromit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odradit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odstrašit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "met wanhoop vervullen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "tyrmistyttää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "affliger"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megdöbbent"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "elképeszt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "elborzaszt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megrémít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megrémiszt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "megijeszt"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "abbattersi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "mortificare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "mortificarsi"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollada",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "놀라다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeong'akhada",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "경악하다"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "pororaru"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "assombrar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasátʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ужаса́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasnútʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ужасну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "трево́жить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstrevóžitʹ",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "встрево́жить"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"word": "ohromiť"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to disable with alarm or apprehensions",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "ödünü koparmak"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "vyděsit k smrti"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochromit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ochromovat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "laten besterven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "lannistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "mortifier"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "scoraggiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "scoraggiarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to render lifeless",
"word": "mortificarsi"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zhrozit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zděsit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyděsit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "angstig zijn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "tyrmistyä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to take dismay or fright",
"word": "avoir peur"
}
],
"word": "dismay"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Fear"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dismayen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dismayen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "*desmaiier"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman *desmaiier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esmaier",
"4": "",
"5": "to frighten"
},
"expansion": "Old French esmaier (“to frighten”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*exmagare",
"4": "",
"5": "to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*maginą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *maginą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*megʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan, megin",
"3": "",
"4": "power, might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "mæġen",
"3": "",
"4": "might, main"
},
"expansion": "Old English mæġen (“might, main”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "magan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German magan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "magan",
"3": "",
"4": "to be able"
},
"expansion": "Old English magan (“to be able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "desmaiar",
"3": "",
"4": "to faint"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "esmayar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish esmayar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dismayen, from Anglo-Norman *desmaiier, alteration of Old French esmaier (“to frighten”), probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagare (“to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable”), from ex- + *magare (“to enable, empower”), from Proto-Germanic *maginą, *maganą (“might, power”), from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”).\nAkin to Old High German magan, megin (“power, might, main”), Old English mæġen (“might, main”), Old High German magan, mugan (“to be powerful, able”), Old English magan (“to be able”). Cognate with Portuguese desmaiar (“to faint”) and Spanish esmayar. See also Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. More at main, may.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "dismay (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He looked in dismay at the destruction of the town caused by the hurricane.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:",
"text": "Come on: in this there can be no dismay;\nMy ships come home a month before the day.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden or complete loss of courage and firmness in the face of trouble or danger; overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits"
],
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"complete",
"complete"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"danger",
"danger"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consternation"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Condition fitted to dismay; ruin."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈmeɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dismay.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg/En-us-dismay.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-dismay.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strah",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "страх"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smut",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "смут"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zděšení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úděs"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hrůza"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "poděšení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vyděšení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strach"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ochromení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úlek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "teleurstelling"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "tyrmistys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désarroi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "consternation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Furcht"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ohnmacht"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "döbbenet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "megdöbbenés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "megrökönyödés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "elképedés"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anfais"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anbhá"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbigottimento"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "costernazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smarrimento"
},
{
"alt": "ろうばい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rōbai",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "狼狽"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollam",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "놀람"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeong'ak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "경악"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "silmang",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "실망"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"word": "pororaru"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "przerażenie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espanto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "desperare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spaimă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strax",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "страх"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unýnije",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уны́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ispúg",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "испу́г"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ohromenie"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údes"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zhrozenie"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espanto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estupefacción"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden loss of courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "consternación"
}
],
"word": "dismay"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dismay meaning in English (21.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.