"-ation" meaning in English

See -ation in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ˈeɪʃn̩/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101--ation.wav
Rhymes: -eɪʃən Etymology: Inherited from Middle English -acioun, -acion, from Old French -acion, -ation, from Latin -ātiō, an alternative form of -tiō (whence -tion). Equivalent to -ate + -ion. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|en|enm|-acioun|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle English -acioun, {{inh+|en|enm|-acioun}} Inherited from Middle English -acioun, {{der|en|fro|-acion}} Old French -acion, {{der|en|la|-ātiō}} Latin -ātiō Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -ation, {{en-suffix}} -ation
  1. An action or process. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ation-en-suffix-5iMuGJh-
  2. The result of an action or process. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--ation-en-suffix-VJVG0DIc
  3. A state or quality. Tags: morpheme Translations (-ation (suffix)): -asie (Afrikaans), -sie (Afrikaans), -ering (Afrikaans), -im (Albanian), ـِيَّة (-iyya) (Arabic), -ում (-um) (Armenian), -ación [feminine] (Asturian), -ción [feminine] (Asturian), -asiya (Azerbaijani), -а́цыя (-ácyja) [feminine] (Belarusian), -а́ция (-ácija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), -ació [feminine] (Catalan), -ció [feminine] (Catalan), -化 (hoà) [Hokkien] (Chinese), -化 (faa³) (Chinese Cantonese), -化 (-huà) (Chinese Mandarin), -ace [feminine] (Czech), -ation [common-gender] (Danish), -tion [common-gender] (Danish), -ering [common-gender] (Danish), -atie [feminine] (Dutch), -tie [feminine] (Dutch), -ering [feminine] (Dutch), -atsioon (Estonian), -aatio (Finnish), -ation [feminine] (French), -ación [feminine] (Galician), -ción [feminine] (Galician), -ation [feminine] (German), -tion [feminine] (German), -ierung [feminine] (German), -化 (fa) (Hakka Chinese), -áció (Hungarian), -sasi (Indonesian), -asi (Indonesian), -si (Indonesian), -zione [feminine] (Italian), -化 (-ka) (alt: -か) (Japanese), (-hwa) (alt: ) (Korean), -ācija [feminine] (Latvian), -cija [feminine] (Latvian), -acija [feminine] (Lithuanian), -cija [feminine] (Lithuanian), -а́ција (-ácija) [feminine] (Macedonian), -asi (Malay), -ation (Middle French), -âtion [Jersey, feminine] (Norman), -asjon [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), -sjon [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), -ering [feminine] (Norwegian Bokmål), -asjon [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), -sjon [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), -ering [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), -acion [feminine] (Occitan), -cion [feminine] (Occitan), -ation (Old French), -acion (Old French), ی (Persian), -acja (Polish), -ação [feminine] (Portuguese), -ção [feminine] (Portuguese), -are (Romanian), -ire (Romanian), -ение (-enije) [neuter] (Russian), -а́ция (-ácija) [feminine] (Russian), -ација [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), -acija [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), -ácia [feminine] (Slovak), -acija [feminine] (Slovene), -ación [feminine] (Spanish), -ción [feminine] (Spanish), -ation (Swedish), -tion [common-gender] (Swedish), -ring [common-gender] (Swedish), -а́ція (-ácija) [feminine] (Ukrainian), ... hoá (alt: -化) (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en--ation-en-suffix-DNL2dJSf Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Afrikaans translations, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Asturian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Cantonese translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hakka translations, Terms with Hokkien translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Middle French translations, Terms with Norman translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old French translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 0 26 74 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 0 13 87 Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 0 10 90 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Afrikaans translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Asturian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 0 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Cantonese translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 0 4 96 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 0 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 0 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Hakka translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Hokkien translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 0 5 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Indonesian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 0 8 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Middle French translations: 0 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Norman translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 0 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 0 2 98 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Old French translations: 0 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 0 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 0 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 0 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 0 6 94 Disambiguation of '-ation (suffix)': 0 17 83
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ⠠⠝ (english: Braille) Derived forms: -ization, -isation Related terms: -ification, -tion
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ization"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-isation"
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  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "4": "",
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Old French -acion",
      "name": "der"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "la",
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      "expansion": "Latin -ātiō",
      "name": "der"
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        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
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      "expansion": "-ation",
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ation",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ification"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-tion"
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    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sediment + -ation → sedimentation",
          "type": "example"
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        "An action or process."
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    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "found + -ation → foundation",
          "type": "example"
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        "The result of an action or process."
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          "result",
          "result"
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "color + -ation → coloration",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A state or quality."
      ],
      "id": "en--ation-en-suffix-DNL2dJSf",
      "links": [
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-asie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-sie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-im"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "-iyya",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "ـِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "-um",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ում"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ación"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ción"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-asiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "-ácyja",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-а́цыя"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "-ácija",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-а́ция"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ació"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ció"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "faa³",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-化"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "hak",
          "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
          "roman": "fa",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-化"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nan-hbl",
          "lang": "Chinese",
          "roman": "hoà",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "-化"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "-huà",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-化"
        },
        {
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          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ace"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "-tion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
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            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "-ering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
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            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-atie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-tie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-atsioon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-aatio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "frm",
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "fro",
          "lang": "Old French",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "fro",
          "lang": "Old French",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-acion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ación"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ción"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-tion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ierung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-áció"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-sasi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-asi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-si"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-zione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "alt": "-か",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "-ka",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-化"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "alt": "化",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "-hwa",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "화"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ācija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-cija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-acija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-cija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "-ácija",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-а́ција"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-asi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "Jersey",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-âtion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "-asjon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
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            "masculine"
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          "word": "-sjon"
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ering"
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
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            "masculine"
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          "word": "-asjon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
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            "masculine"
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          "word": "-sjon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-acion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-cion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "ی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-acja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ação"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ção"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-are"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-enije",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "-ение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-ácija",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-а́ция"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ација"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-acija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ácia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-acija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ación"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-ción"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "-ation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "-tion"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "-ring"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "-ácija",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-а́ція"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 17 83",
          "alt": "-化",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
          "word": "... hoá"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɪʃn̩/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101--ation.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101--ation.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101--ation.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "Braille",
      "word": "⠠⠝"
    }
  ],
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}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English noun-forming suffixes",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Asturian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hakka translations",
    "Terms with Hokkien translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Middle French translations",
    "Terms with Norman translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-ization"
    },
    {
      "word": "-isation"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-acioun",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -acioun",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-acioun"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English -acioun",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-acion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -acion",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ātiō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ātiō",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English -acioun, -acion, from Old French -acion, -ation, from Latin -ātiō, an alternative form of -tiō (whence -tion). Equivalent to -ate + -ion.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
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      "expansion": "-ation",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-ation",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ification"
    },
    {
      "word": "-tion"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "sediment + -ation → sedimentation",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An action or process."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "process",
          "process"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "found + -ation → foundation",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The result of an action or process."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "result",
          "result"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "color + -ation → coloration",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A state or quality."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ],
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɪʃn̩/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101--ation.wav",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "Braille",
      "word": "⠠⠝"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-asie"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-sie"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ering"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-im"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "-iyya",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "ـِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-um",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ում"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ación"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ción"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-asiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "-ácyja",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-а́цыя"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "-ácija",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-а́ция"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ació"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ció"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "faa³",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-化"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "roman": "fa",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-化"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "hoà",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "-化"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "-huà",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-化"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ace"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "-tion"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "-ering"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-atie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ering"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-atsioon"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-aatio"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "frm",
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "fro",
      "lang": "Old French",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "fro",
      "lang": "Old French",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-acion"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ación"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ción"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tion"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ierung"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-áció"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-sasi"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-asi"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-si"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-zione"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-か",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "-ka",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-化"
    },
    {
      "alt": "化",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "-hwa",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "화"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ācija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-cija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-acija"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-cija"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-ácija",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-а́ција"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-asi"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "Jersey",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-âtion"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-asjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-sjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ering"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-asjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "-sjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ering"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-acion"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-cion"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "ی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-acja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ação"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ção"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-are"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ire"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-enije",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ение"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-ácija",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-а́ция"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ација"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-acija"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ácia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-acija"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ación"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ción"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "-ation"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "-tion"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "-ring"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "-ácija",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-а́ція"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-化",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "-ation (suffix)",
      "word": "... hoá"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ation"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ation meaning in English (12.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.