English word senses marked with topical category "Turkey"

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Parent categories: Countries, Countries in Asia, Countries in Europe, Polities, Places, Asia, Europe, Names, Earth, Eurasia, Nature
Subcategories: History of Turkey

Total 96 word senses

• Adrianople (Proper name) Former name of Edirne, a city in northwestern Turkey.
• Agios Theologos (Proper name) Former name of Selcuk, a town in Turkey near the ruins of ancient Ephesus.
• Ancyra (Proper name) The capital city of Galatia
• Ayasoluk (Proper name) Former name of Selcuk, a town in Turkey near the ruins of ancient Ephesus.
• Barca (Proper name) FC Barcelona, a prominent Spanish association football club.
• Belisarius (Proper name) A general of the Byzantine Empire, who was instrumental to Emperor Justinian's ambitious project of reconquering much of the Mediterranean territory of the former Western Roman Empire, which had been lost less than a century previously.
• Blues (Proper name) Any of several sports teams whose uniform is predominantly blue, such as:; New South Wales.
• Byzantian (Adjective) Alternative form of Byzantine (“of or pertaining to Byzantium”)
• Byzantian (Noun) Alternative form of Byzantine (“native of Byzantium”)
• Byzantine (Adjective) Belonging to the civilization of the Eastern Roman Empire between 331, when its capital was moved to Constantinople, and 1453, when that capital was conquered by the Turks and ultimately renamed Istanbul.
• Byzantine Empire (Proper name) The predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages with its capital city being Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), originally known as Byzantium, which fell in 1453.
• Byzantine Greek (Proper name) Collectively, the continuum of forms of the Greek language as written and spoken during the time of the Byzantine Empire (C.E. 330–1453), preceded by Koine Greek and Early Medieval Greek and succeeded by Late Medieval Greek to Modern Greek. (ISO 639-3 code: grc shared with Classical Greek.)
• Byzantine Patriarch (Noun) The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
• Byzantine studies (Noun) an interdisciplinary branch of the humanities that addresses the history, culture, costumes, religion, art, such as literature and music, science, economy, and politics of the Byzantine Empire
• Byzantinology (Noun) Byzantine studies
• Byzantism (Noun) The study, or the use of elements of the Byzantine culture
• Byzantium (Proper name) The Byzantine Empire.
• Chalcedon (Proper name) An ancient maritime town of Bithynia, in Asia Minor in modern Turkey, almost directly opposite Byzantium.
• Comnenus (Noun) member of a noble family who ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1081 to 1185
• Constantinople (Proper name) Name of present-day Istanbul from 330–1930 C.E.. Previously known as Byzantium.
• Cydonia (Proper name) Former name of Chania, a city on the island of Crete, Greece.
• Cydonia (Proper name) A former state on the island of Crete around the city.
• Cyrene (Proper name) A Thessalian princess and huntress demigod, companion of Artemis and lover of Apollo.
• Cyzicus (Proper name) A former city in Balikesir Province, Turkey, formerly part of the ancient region of Mysia.
• Eastern Orthodox Church (Proper name) One of the major branches of Christianity; it comprises the Greek Orthodox Church, the Russian Orthodox Church and other patriarchates.
• Golden Horn (Proper name) A major urban waterway and the primary inlet of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey.
• Greek fire (Noun) A highly flammable substance of unknown composition first used by the Greeks of Constantinople in the 7th century C.E. to set fire to enemy ships, buildings, etc.
• Hagia Sophia (Proper name) A mosque in Istanbul, Turkey, (historical) the former patriarchal church of Greek Orthodoxy, operated as a museum 1935–2020.
• Hesychast controversy (Proper name) A particular controversy concerning dogma in the 14th-century Byzantine Empire, over whether the idea of divine light was polytheistic, postulating two eternal substances, a visible and an invisible God.
• Johnny Turk (Proper name) An Ottoman soldier in World War One, particularly a Turkish one.
• Johnny Turk (Proper name) The Ottoman Empire in general.
• Justinian (Proper name) A family name in Late Antiquity, notably that of Justinian I, emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565.
• Melitene (Proper name) Former name of Malatya, a city in Turkey.
• Menologion (Proper name) Synonym of Menologium, particularly in Byzantine, Greek, and Eastern Orthodox contexts.
• Middle Greek (Proper name) Byzantine Greek
• Nicaea (Proper name) Former name of Iznik, a city in Turkey famed for the AD 325 church council that composed the Nicene Creed.
• Nicomedia (Proper name) Former name of Izmit, a city in Turkey; the ancient capital of Bithynia.
• Oriental Orthodox Church (Proper name) One of the three major divisions of Eastern Christianity, distinguished by its miaphysite Christology, not to be confused with Eastern Orthodox Church and the Church of the East.
• Ottoman (Noun) A member of the Ottoman dynasty.
• Ottoman (Noun) A citizen of the Ottoman Empire.
• Ottoman (Noun) A citizen of the Ottoman Empire.; An ethnic Turk of the Ottoman Empire.
• Ottoman (Adjective) Of or relating to the Ottoman dynasty or the Ottoman Empire.
• Ottoman (Adjective) Of or relating to the Ottoman dynasty or the Ottoman Empire.; Of or relating to the ethnic Turks of the Ottoman Empire.
• Ottoman (Proper name) The Ottoman Turkish language.
• Ottoman Empire (Proper name) A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I.
• Palaeologus (Proper name) The last dynasty ruling the Byzantine Empire.
• Palamism (Noun) The beliefs and practices of the Palamites.
• Paulicianism (Proper name) A Christian sect and militarized revolt movement that flourished between 650 and 872 in Armenia and the Eastern Themes of the Byzantine Empire.
• Procopius (Proper name) A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Procopius of Caesarea, a Byzantine Greek historian of the 6th century C.E..
• Reds (Proper name) Synonym of Communist Party in various contexts.
• Smyrna (Proper name) A former settlement in Kern County, California.
• Smyrna (Proper name) A city in Cobb County, Georgia, United States.
• Smyrna (Proper name) A small town in Aroostook County, Maine.
• Smyrna (Proper name) An unincorporated community in Nuckolls County, Nebraska.
• Smyrna (Proper name) A town and village in Chenango County, New York.
• Smyrna (Proper name) A locality in Carteret County, North Carolina.
• Sublime Porte (Proper name) The monumental portal at the Ottoman palace where the supreme tribunals were held; became the surname of the first palace in Bursa, transferred to the even grander Topkapı palace after the capital's transfer to Istanbul (the former Byzantine imperial capital Constantinople)
• Sublime Porte (Proper name) A pars pro toto for the Ottoman sultanic court, hence for the imperial government, notably the vizierial divan and the entire empire, or a personage with a similar standing.
• Whites (Proper name) Any of several sports teams whose uniform is predominantly white, particularly; The away team during international matches.
• akçe (Noun) A silver coin minted during the Ottoman Empire, valued at one-third of a para.
• bambakion (Noun) A type of padded under-garment, worn under armour, especially by Byzantine troops.
• basileus (Noun) A title of the Byzantine emperor.
• bezant (Noun) A coin made of gold or silver, minted at Byzantium and used in currency throughout mediaeval Europe.
• byzant (Noun) Alternative form of bezant
• byzantine (Noun) A byzant (coin).
• catepan (Noun) The governor of a catepanate such as the Catepanate of Italy, a Byzantine province.
• chelandion (Noun) a Byzantine bireme used primarily for cargo transport
• despot (Noun) A title awarded to senior members of the imperial family in the late Byzantine Empire, and claimed by various independent or semi-autonomous rulers in the Balkans (12th to 15th centuries)
• despotate (Noun) An area ruled by a despot (δεσπότης) in the late Byzantine Balkans (12th to 15th centuries).
• dromon (Noun) A Byzantine bireme, similar to the chelandion, but used primarily for naval combat.
• eparch (Noun) The metropolitan bishop of a province or eparchy.
• eparchy (Noun) A provincial government or office headed by an eparch in the Greek-speaking Eastern Roman Empire (akin to a prefecture governed by a prefect in the Latin-speaking Western Roman Empire)
• exarch (Noun) In the Byzantine Empire, a governor of a distant province.
• exarchate (Noun) The province or area of an exarch.
• ferula (Noun) The imperial sceptre in the Byzantine Empire.
• hexagram (Noun) A hollow six-pointed star formed by overlapping two equilateral triangles.
• hexagram (Noun) Any of the 64 sets of solid and broken lines, formed by pairs of trigrams, used for divination in the I Ching.
• hexagram (Noun) A large silver coin minted during the Byzantine Empire.
• kadi (Noun) Alternative spelling of qadi, Islamic judge, particularly (historical) in Ottoman contexts where they initially oversaw local administration as well as Islamic law.
• logothete (Noun) Any of various state officials or functionaries in the Byzantine Empire.
• mahbub (Noun) A gold coin used in the Ottoman Empire.
• megaduke (Noun) The commander in chief of the Byzantine navy.
• menologem (Noun) A stylized date used for certain documents of the Byzantine Empire.
• menologion (Noun) Synonym of menologium, particularly in Greek, Byzantine, and Eastern Orthodox contexts.
• menologium (Noun) Synonym of menologem, a stylized date acting as a signature on some documents of the Byzantine Empire.
• nobilissimus (Noun) A senior title of nobility conferred on members of the Roman and Byzantine imperial families.
• oeconomus (Noun) A Byzantine title given to the chief steward or treasurer of a household or institution.
• palatine (Adjective) Of or relating to a palace especially of a Roman or Holy Roman Emperor.
• palatine (Noun) A feudal lord (ellipsis of count palatine.) or a bishop possessing palatine powers.
• palatine (Noun) A palace official, especially in an imperial palace.
• palatine (Noun) Ellipsis of county palatine.
• palatine (Noun) Ellipsis of palatine bone.
• para (Noun) A former subunit of currency in several countries in the Ottoman/Turkish and Yugoslav regions.
• porphyrogenite (Noun) An honorific title given to a son of a reigning emperor in the Byzantine Empire, notably borne by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus.
• pronoia (Noun) An imperial grant to an individual of temporary fiscal rights in the form of land, incomes or taxes from land, fishing rights, etc., sometimes carrying with it an obligation of military service.
• theme (Noun) Topic, what is generally being talked about.

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