See Ottoman Empire in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"etymology_text": "Ottoman, from Middle French Ottoman, from post-classical Latin Ottomanus, from Ottoman Turkish عثمان (osman), from Arabic personal name عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān) + Empire. As Osman is the Turkish spelling of that male Arabic given name ʿUṯmān, the Ottoman Empire is sometimes referred to as the Osman Empire, Osmanic Empire, or Osmanian Empire. Over the centuries the Ottoman Empire existed, it was commonly referred to as Turkey.",
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{
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"name": "Historical polities",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, Lord Kinross, The Ottoman Centuries: the Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire, page 616:",
"text": "Under their fluctuating rule an Ottoman Empire was indeed to survive, with varying fortunes, for a further three and a half centuries. But it was an empire in the continual throes of a decline which, despite periods of respite and glimpses of momentary recovery, was to prove irreversible.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Suraıya Faroqhı, Bruce McGowan, Donald Quataert, Şevket Pamuk, with Halil İnalcık as editor, An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire: Volume Two, 1600-1914, page 470",
"text": "It does not seem very convincing to view a major world empire, with the most modern arms at its disposal, as merely the helpless victim of circumstances beyond its control. Even less attractive are \"stage theories,\" which assume that at a given point in time the Ottoman Empire, its economy included, passed from the stage of \"florescence\" into that of \"decay.\""
},
{
"ref": "2001, Selçuk Akşin Somel, The modernization of public education in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908, page 198:",
"text": "Most of the textbooks consider the period of Murad III (1574-1595) and particularly the murder of the Grand Vizier Sokullu Mehmed Pasha in 1579 as the beginning of the internal decay of the Ottoman Empire. The debacle of Vienna in 1683 the following defeats in the hands of the Holy League and the subsequent Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699 are mostly dealt with in a relatively detailed way, [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Dominic Lieven, Empire: The Russian Empire and Its Rivals, page 130:",
"text": "This was a factor in one of the major long-term weaknesses of the Ottoman Empire, namely the relatively small size of its Turkish population, which limited its ability to colonize conquered regions. [...] In no meaningful sense was Anatolia the empire's metropolis. This might seem strange to Europeans, who are and always were much inclined to use the words Ottoman and Turkish interchangeably when describing the empire.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I."
],
"id": "en-Ottoman_Empire-en-name-GISbIs8m",
"links": [
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"sultanate",
"sultanate"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"World War I",
"World War I"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomaanse Ryk"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Perandoria Osmane"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ad-dawlatu l-ʕuṯmāniyya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "الدَّوْلَةُ الْعُثْمَانِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "Ōsmanyan kaysrutʻyun",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Օսմանյան կայսրություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı İmperiyası"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Dövləti"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otomandar Inperioa"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Asmánskaja impjéryja",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Асма́нская імпе́рыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "oṭōman śamrajjo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "অটোমান সাম্রাজ্য"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ōsmanī samrajyo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ওসমানী সাম্রাজ্য"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Impalaeriezh otoman"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Osmánska impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нска импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "au.ta.man angpuing-ya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "အော့တမန် အင်ပိုင်ယာ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperi otomà"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "奧斯曼帝國"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Àosīmàn Dìguó",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "奥斯曼帝国"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Devleti"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Otomanská říše"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Osmanská říše"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanniske Rige"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "definite form",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmannerriget"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottomaanse Rijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmaanse Rijk"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otomana Imperio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanite riik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanite impeerium"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomani impeerium"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanien valtakunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomaanien valtakunta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Empire ottoman"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperio Otomán"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "osmaletis imṗeria",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ოსმალეთის იმპერია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanisches Reich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottomanisches Reich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Othomanikí Aftokratoría",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "האימפריה העות'מאנית"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "usmānī sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "उस्मानी साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ŏṭoman sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ऑटोमन साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Oszmán Birodalom"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tyrkjaveldi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottómanveldið"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ósmanska ríkið"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otoman imperio"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Kesultanan Utsmaniyah"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Impireacht Otamánach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Impero ottomano"
},
{
"alt": "オスマンていこく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Osuman Teikoku",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "オスマン帝国"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Osmanly İmperiäsy",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Османлы Империясы"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "châkrâphôpʼotomâng",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ចក្រភពអូតូម៉ង់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oseuman jeguk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "오스만 제국"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Împeratoriya Osmanî"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "Osmon imperiyası",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Осмон империясы"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "el Imperio Otomano"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chak ka wat ʼō sa man",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ຈັກກະວັດໂອສະມັນ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmaņu impērija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanų imperija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Otomansko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Отоманско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Osmanlisko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Османлиско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Turska Imperija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Турска Империја"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Tursko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Турско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Otomanska Imperija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Отоманска Империја"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Empayar Uthmaniyah"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "osmānī sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ओस्मानी साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ŏṭoman sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ऑटोमन साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Osmany ezent güren",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "Османы эзэнт гүрэн"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det osmanske rike"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det ottomanske rike"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanerriket"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det osmanske riket"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det ottomanske riket"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "Devlet-i ʿAlīye-i ʿOsmānīye",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "دولت علیه عثمانیه"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "عثمانې ټولواکمني"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "emperâturi-ye osmâni",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "امپراتوری عثمانی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "osmâni",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "عثمانی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperium Osmańskie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Império Otomano"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Imperiul Otoman"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Osmánskaja impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нская импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Ottománskaja impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Оттома́нская импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "sgs",
"lang": "Samogitian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Uosmanu imperėjė"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Османско царство"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmansko carstvo"
},
{
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "سلطنت عثمانيہ"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Osmanská ríša"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmansko cesarstvo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperio otomano"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanska riket"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "Ğosman imperiyase",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Госман империясе"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jàk-grà-wàt-ɔ́ɔt-dtoo-man",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Devleti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osman imperiýasy"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Osmánsʹka impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нська імпе́рія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سلطنت عثمانیہ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "osman impëriyisi",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ئوسمان ئىمپېرىيىسى"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Usmonli Davlati"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Usmonli Imperiyasi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Đế quốc Ô-xman"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Đế quốc Ôt-tôman"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "帝國屋蘇曼"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "otomanishe imperye",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אָטאָמאַנישע אימפּעריע"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Southern-Zazaki"
],
"word": "İmparatorina Osmanıcan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "Ottoman Empire"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "Ottoman"
},
"expansion": "Middle French Ottoman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Ottomanus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Ottomanus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "عثمان",
"tr": "osman"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish عثمان (osman)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Arabic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ottoman, from Middle French Ottoman, from post-classical Latin Ottomanus, from Ottoman Turkish عثمان (osman), from Arabic personal name عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān) + Empire. As Osman is the Turkish spelling of that male Arabic given name ʿUṯmān, the Ottoman Empire is sometimes referred to as the Osman Empire, Osmanic Empire, or Osmanian Empire. Over the centuries the Ottoman Empire existed, it was commonly referred to as Turkey.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "Ottoman Empire"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Empire",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bengali terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samogitian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sindhi translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Historical polities",
"en:History of Turkey"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1979, Lord Kinross, The Ottoman Centuries: the Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire, page 616:",
"text": "Under their fluctuating rule an Ottoman Empire was indeed to survive, with varying fortunes, for a further three and a half centuries. But it was an empire in the continual throes of a decline which, despite periods of respite and glimpses of momentary recovery, was to prove irreversible.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Suraıya Faroqhı, Bruce McGowan, Donald Quataert, Şevket Pamuk, with Halil İnalcık as editor, An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire: Volume Two, 1600-1914, page 470",
"text": "It does not seem very convincing to view a major world empire, with the most modern arms at its disposal, as merely the helpless victim of circumstances beyond its control. Even less attractive are \"stage theories,\" which assume that at a given point in time the Ottoman Empire, its economy included, passed from the stage of \"florescence\" into that of \"decay.\""
},
{
"ref": "2001, Selçuk Akşin Somel, The modernization of public education in the Ottoman Empire, 1839-1908, page 198:",
"text": "Most of the textbooks consider the period of Murad III (1574-1595) and particularly the murder of the Grand Vizier Sokullu Mehmed Pasha in 1579 as the beginning of the internal decay of the Ottoman Empire. The debacle of Vienna in 1683 the following defeats in the hands of the Holy League and the subsequent Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699 are mostly dealt with in a relatively detailed way, [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Dominic Lieven, Empire: The Russian Empire and Its Rivals, page 130:",
"text": "This was a factor in one of the major long-term weaknesses of the Ottoman Empire, namely the relatively small size of its Turkish population, which limited its ability to colonize conquered regions. [...] In no meaningful sense was Anatolia the empire's metropolis. This might seem strange to Europeans, who are and always were much inclined to use the words Ottoman and Turkish interchangeably when describing the empire.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I."
],
"links": [
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Turkish",
"Turkish"
],
[
"sultanate",
"sultanate"
],
[
"Turkey",
"Turkey"
],
[
"World War I",
"World War I"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A large Turkish empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered in modern Turkey; founded in the late 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑtəmən ˈɛmpaɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomaanse Ryk"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Perandoria Osmane"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ad-dawlatu l-ʕuṯmāniyya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "الدَّوْلَةُ الْعُثْمَانِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "Ōsmanyan kaysrutʻyun",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Օսմանյան կայսրություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı İmperiyası"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Dövləti"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otomandar Inperioa"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Asmánskaja impjéryja",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Асма́нская імпе́рыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "oṭōman śamrajjo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "অটোমান সাম্রাজ্য"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ōsmanī samrajyo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ওসমানী সাম্রাজ্য"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Impalaeriezh otoman"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Osmánska impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нска импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "au.ta.man angpuing-ya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "အော့တမန် အင်ပိုင်ယာ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperi otomà"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "奧斯曼帝國"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Àosīmàn Dìguó",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "奥斯曼帝国"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Devleti"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Otomanská říše"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Osmanská říše"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanniske Rige"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "definite form",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmannerriget"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottomaanse Rijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmaanse Rijk"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otomana Imperio"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanite riik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanite impeerium"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomani impeerium"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanien valtakunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Ottomaanien valtakunta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Empire ottoman"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperio Otomán"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "osmaletis imṗeria",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ოსმალეთის იმპერია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanisches Reich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottomanisches Reich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Othomanikí Aftokratoría",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "האימפריה העות'מאנית"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "usmānī sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "उस्मानी साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ŏṭoman sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ऑटोमन साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Oszmán Birodalom"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tyrkjaveldi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ottómanveldið"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ósmanska ríkið"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Otoman imperio"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Kesultanan Utsmaniyah"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Impireacht Otamánach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Impero ottomano"
},
{
"alt": "オスマンていこく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Osuman Teikoku",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "オスマン帝国"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "Osmanly İmperiäsy",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Османлы Империясы"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "châkrâphôpʼotomâng",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ចក្រភពអូតូម៉ង់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oseuman jeguk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "오스만 제국"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Împeratoriya Osmanî"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "Osmon imperiyası",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Осмон империясы"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "el Imperio Otomano"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chak ka wat ʼō sa man",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ຈັກກະວັດໂອສະມັນ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmaņu impērija"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanų imperija"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Otomansko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Отоманско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Osmanlisko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Османлиско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Turska Imperija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Турска Империја"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Tursko Carstvo",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Турско Царство"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Otomanska Imperija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Отоманска Империја"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Empayar Uthmaniyah"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "osmānī sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ओस्मानी साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ŏṭoman sāmrājya",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ऑटोमन साम्राज्य"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "Osmany ezent güren",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "Османы эзэнт гүрэн"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det osmanske rike"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det ottomanske rike"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanerriket"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det osmanske riket"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Det ottomanske riket"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "Devlet-i ʿAlīye-i ʿOsmānīye",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "دولت علیه عثمانیه"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "عثمانې ټولواکمني"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "emperâturi-ye osmâni",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "امپراتوری عثمانی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "osmâni",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "عثمانی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperium Osmańskie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Império Otomano"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Imperiul Otoman"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Osmánskaja impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нская импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Ottománskaja impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Оттома́нская импе́рия"
},
{
"code": "sgs",
"lang": "Samogitian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Uosmanu imperėjė"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Османско царство"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmansko carstvo"
},
{
"code": "sd",
"lang": "Sindhi",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "سلطنت عثمانيہ"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Osmanská ríša"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmansko cesarstvo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Imperio otomano"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Osmanska riket"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "Ğosman imperiyase",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Госман империясе"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jàk-grà-wàt-ɔ́ɔt-dtoo-man",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osmanlı Devleti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Osman imperiýasy"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Osmánsʹka impérija",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Осма́нська імпе́рія"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "سلطنت عثمانیہ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "osman impëriyisi",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "ئوسمان ئىمپېرىيىسى"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Usmonli Davlati"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Usmonli Imperiyasi"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Đế quốc Ô-xman"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "Đế quốc Ôt-tôman"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"word": "帝國屋蘇曼"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "otomanishe imperye",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "אָטאָמאַנישע אימפּעריע"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "Turkish empire",
"tags": [
"Southern-Zazaki"
],
"word": "İmparatorina Osmanıcan"
}
],
"word": "Ottoman Empire"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Ottoman Empire meaning in English (19.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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