"亥" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /xaɪ̯⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hɔːi̯²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /hoi̯⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /xai⁴⁵/ [Jin, Sinological-IPA, Taiyuan], /hai²²/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /hai³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Taipei], /hai²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /hai³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /xaɪ̯⁵¹/, /hɔːi̯²²/, /hoi̯⁵⁵/, /xai⁴⁵/, /hai²²/, /hai³³/, /hai²²/, /hai³⁵/, /ɦe²³/ Chinese transliterations: hài [Mandarin, Pinyin], hai⁴ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄏㄞˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], hoi⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], hoi [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], hai³ [Jin, Wiktionary-specific], hǎi [Hokkien, POJ], hāi [Hokkien, POJ], hai⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁶ghe, hài [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], hài [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], hai⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], hài [Mandarin, Yale], hay [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], хай [Mandarin, Palladius], xaj [Mandarin, Palladius], hoih [Cantonese, Yale], hoi⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], hoi⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], hoi [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], hoi [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], hoi⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], hai³ [Jin, Taiyuan, Wiktionary-specific], hǎi [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hāi [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hai [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], hăi [POJ, Teochew], ⁶ghe [Wu], ghe^去 [Wu], ³hhe [Wu], /ɦe²³/ [Wu], hojX [Middle-Chinese], /*[ɡ]ˤəʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*ɡɯːʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Smith (2011) groups 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) in a word-family meaning "root, germ, generative core" along with 荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”) > 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”), 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”), 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”), and 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”). He suggests the derivation 荄根 "germ, sprout, root (n.)" → 孩 "to sprout" → 亥 "sprouting stage", i.e. "the moon’s first appearance", recalling 月芽 lit. "moon sprout" > "crescent moon". See 核 (hé) for further etymology. Later 亥 (hài) and 豕 (shǐ, “pig”) graphically converged. As for 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)'s phonological association with the pig. Compare the following: * Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”), from Angkorian Old Khmer kur. * Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”) or *kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”): ** Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”) ** Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”) ** Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”) * Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”), a loan from Old Khmer. Ferlus (2013) notes 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) is a possible match to the Austroasiatic root, but there should be a final sonorant in Old Chinese. Etymology templates: {{zh-ref|Smith (2011)}} Smith (2011), {{och-l|亥}} 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ), {{och-l|荄|grassroot|tr=*kɯ:}} 荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”), {{och-l|根|root}} 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”), {{och-l|核|germ, kernel|id=2}} 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”), {{och-l|骸|(human) bones}} 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”), {{och-l|孩|child}} 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”), {{zh-l|月芽}} 月芽, {{zh-l|核}} 核 (hé), {{zh-l|亥}} 亥 (hài), {{zh-l|豕|pig}} 豕 (shǐ, “pig”), {{och-l|亥}} 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ), {{cog|km|កុរ||year of the pig}} Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”), {{cog|okz-ang|kur}} Angkorian Old Khmer kur, {{cog|mkh-vie-pro|*guːrʔ|t=pig; pork}} Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”), {{m|mkh-vie-pro|*kuːrʔ|t=pig; pork}} *kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”), {{cog|vi|cúi||(archaic) pig}} Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”), {{cog|mtq|củi|t=pig|tr=kuːj³}} Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”), {{cog|scb|cûl|t=pig|tr=kûːl}} Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”), {{cog|th|กุน||year of the pig}} Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”), {{zh-ref|Ferlus (2013)}} Ferlus (2013), {{och-l|亥}} 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 亥
  1. (obsolete) grass root Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-亥-zh-character-dZQKlv7a
  2. twelfth of twelve earthly branches (十二支) Coordinate_terms (Chinese earthly branches): 地支 (dìzhī)
    Sense id: en-亥-zh-character-c6RQFYv- Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 0 46 47 7 Disambiguation of 'Chinese earthly branches': 0 76 20 3
  3. pig () of the Chinese zodiac
    Sense id: en-亥-zh-character-ZN6LBFzj Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 0 46 47 7
  4. a surname
    Sense id: en-亥-zh-character-v2O7m9sM Categories (other): Chinese surnames
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 亥市, 亥時 (hàishí), 亥时 (hàishí), 亥豕, 亥豕魯魚, 亥豕鲁鱼, 俄亥俄 (Éhài'é), 辛亥革命 (Xīnhài Gémìng), 魯魚亥豕 (lǔyúhàishǐ), 鲁鱼亥豕 (lǔyúhàishǐ) Related terms: (shǐ)
Coordinate_terms: , (chǒu), (yín), (mǎo), (chén), (sì), (wǔ), (wèi), (shēn), (yǒu),

Download JSON data for 亥 meaning in Chinese (8.8kB)

{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chǒu",
      "word": "丑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yín",
      "word": "寅"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mǎo",
      "word": "卯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chén",
      "word": "辰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sì",
      "word": "巳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wǔ",
      "word": "午"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wèi",
      "word": "未"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shēn",
      "word": "申"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǒu",
      "word": "酉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "戌"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亥市"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hàishí",
      "word": "亥時"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hàishí",
      "word": "亥时"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亥豕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亥豕魯魚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亥豕鲁鱼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Éhài'é",
      "word": "俄亥俄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Xīnhài Gémìng",
      "word": "辛亥革命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǔyúhàishǐ",
      "word": "魯魚亥豕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǔyúhàishǐ",
      "word": "鲁鱼亥豕"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Smith (2011)"
      },
      "expansion": "Smith (2011)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "荄",
        "2": "grassroot",
        "tr": "*kɯ:"
      },
      "expansion": "荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "根",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "核",
        "2": "germ, kernel",
        "id": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "骸",
        "2": "(human) bones"
      },
      "expansion": "骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "孩",
        "2": "child"
      },
      "expansion": "孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "月芽"
      },
      "expansion": "月芽",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "核"
      },
      "expansion": "核 (hé)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (hài)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "豕",
        "2": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "豕 (shǐ, “pig”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "km",
        "2": "កុរ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "year of the pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okz-ang",
        "2": "kur"
      },
      "expansion": "Angkorian Old Khmer kur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*guːrʔ",
        "t": "pig; pork"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*kuːrʔ",
        "t": "pig; pork"
      },
      "expansion": "*kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "cúi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(archaic) pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mtq",
        "2": "củi",
        "t": "pig",
        "tr": "kuːj³"
      },
      "expansion": "Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "cûl",
        "t": "pig",
        "tr": "kûːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "th",
        "2": "กุน",
        "3": "",
        "4": "year of the pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ferlus (2013)"
      },
      "expansion": "Ferlus (2013)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Smith (2011) groups 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) in a word-family meaning \"root, germ, generative core\" along with 荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”) > 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”), 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”), 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”), and 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”). He suggests the derivation 荄根 \"germ, sprout, root (n.)\" → 孩 \"to sprout\" → 亥 \"sprouting stage\", i.e. \"the moon’s first appearance\", recalling 月芽 lit. \"moon sprout\" > \"crescent moon\".\nSee 核 (hé) for further etymology.\nLater 亥 (hài) and 豕 (shǐ, “pig”) graphically converged.\nAs for 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)'s phonological association with the pig. Compare the following:\n* Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”), from Angkorian Old Khmer kur.\n* Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”) or *kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”):\n** Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”)\n** Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”)\n** Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”)\n* Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”), a loan from Old Khmer.\nFerlus (2013) notes 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) is a possible match to the Austroasiatic root, but there should be a final sonorant in Old Chinese.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "亥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shǐ",
      "word": "豕"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "grass root"
      ],
      "id": "en-亥-zh-character-dZQKlv7a",
      "links": [
        [
          "grass",
          "grass"
        ],
        [
          "root",
          "root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) grass root"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 46 47 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 76 20 3",
          "roman": "dìzhī",
          "sense": "Chinese earthly branches",
          "word": "地支"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "twelfth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)"
      ],
      "id": "en-亥-zh-character-c6RQFYv-",
      "links": [
        [
          "twelfth",
          "twelfth"
        ],
        [
          "earthly branch",
          "earthly branch"
        ],
        [
          "十二支",
          "十二支"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 46 47 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pig (豬) of the Chinese zodiac"
      ],
      "id": "en-亥-zh-character-ZN6LBFzj",
      "links": [
        [
          "pig",
          "pig"
        ],
        [
          "豬",
          "豬#Chinese"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese surnames",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "id": "en-亥-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hāi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "хай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoi̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xai⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hǎi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hāi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hăi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghe^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³hhe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɦe²³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hojX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[ɡ]ˤəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ɡɯːʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoi̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xai⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɦe²³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ɡ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ɡɯːʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "亥"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "roman": "dìzhī",
      "sense": "Chinese earthly branches",
      "word": "地支"
    },
    {
      "word": "子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǒu",
      "word": "丑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yín",
      "word": "寅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mǎo",
      "word": "卯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chén",
      "word": "辰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sì",
      "word": "巳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǔ",
      "word": "午"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wèi",
      "word": "未"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shēn",
      "word": "申"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒu",
      "word": "酉"
    },
    {
      "word": "戌"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "亥市"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hàishí",
      "word": "亥時"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hàishí",
      "word": "亥时"
    },
    {
      "word": "亥豕"
    },
    {
      "word": "亥豕魯魚"
    },
    {
      "word": "亥豕鲁鱼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Éhài'é",
      "word": "俄亥俄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Xīnhài Gémìng",
      "word": "辛亥革命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǔyúhàishǐ",
      "word": "魯魚亥豕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǔyúhàishǐ",
      "word": "鲁鱼亥豕"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Smith (2011)"
      },
      "expansion": "Smith (2011)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "荄",
        "2": "grassroot",
        "tr": "*kɯ:"
      },
      "expansion": "荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "根",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "核",
        "2": "germ, kernel",
        "id": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "骸",
        "2": "(human) bones"
      },
      "expansion": "骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "孩",
        "2": "child"
      },
      "expansion": "孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "月芽"
      },
      "expansion": "月芽",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "核"
      },
      "expansion": "核 (hé)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (hài)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "豕",
        "2": "pig"
      },
      "expansion": "豕 (shǐ, “pig”)",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "km",
        "2": "កុរ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "year of the pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okz-ang",
        "2": "kur"
      },
      "expansion": "Angkorian Old Khmer kur",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*guːrʔ",
        "t": "pig; pork"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*kuːrʔ",
        "t": "pig; pork"
      },
      "expansion": "*kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "cúi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(archaic) pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mtq",
        "2": "củi",
        "t": "pig",
        "tr": "kuːj³"
      },
      "expansion": "Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "cûl",
        "t": "pig",
        "tr": "kûːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "th",
        "2": "กุน",
        "3": "",
        "4": "year of the pig"
      },
      "expansion": "Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ferlus (2013)"
      },
      "expansion": "Ferlus (2013)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "亥"
      },
      "expansion": "亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Smith (2011) groups 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) in a word-family meaning \"root, germ, generative core\" along with 荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”) > 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”), 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”), 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”), and 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”). He suggests the derivation 荄根 \"germ, sprout, root (n.)\" → 孩 \"to sprout\" → 亥 \"sprouting stage\", i.e. \"the moon’s first appearance\", recalling 月芽 lit. \"moon sprout\" > \"crescent moon\".\nSee 核 (hé) for further etymology.\nLater 亥 (hài) and 豕 (shǐ, “pig”) graphically converged.\nAs for 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)'s phonological association with the pig. Compare the following:\n* Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”), from Angkorian Old Khmer kur.\n* Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”) or *kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”):\n** Vietnamese cúi (“(archaic) pig”)\n** Muong củi (kuːj³, “pig”)\n** Chut cûl (kûːl, “pig”)\n* Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”), a loan from Old Khmer.\nFerlus (2013) notes 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) is a possible match to the Austroasiatic root, but there should be a final sonorant in Old Chinese.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "亥",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "shǐ",
      "word": "豕"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grass root"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grass",
          "grass"
        ],
        [
          "root",
          "root"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) grass root"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "twelfth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "twelfth",
          "twelfth"
        ],
        [
          "earthly branch",
          "earthly branch"
        ],
        [
          "十二支",
          "十二支"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pig (豬) of the Chinese zodiac"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pig",
          "pig"
        ],
        [
          "豬",
          "豬#Chinese"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese surnames"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a surname"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surname",
          "surname"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄏㄞˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hǎi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hāi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hài"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hay"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "хай"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "xaj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xaɪ̯⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːi̯²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoi⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoi̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xai⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hǎi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hāi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hai"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hăi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ghe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ghe^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³hhe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ɦe²³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hojX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[ɡ]ˤəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ɡɯːʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xaɪ̯⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɔːi̯²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hoi̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xai⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hai³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɦe²³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ɡ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ɡɯːʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "亥"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "亥"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "亥",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.