See toon on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toon shading"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toon-shaded"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of cartoon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
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"name": "en-noun"
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],
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"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Sara Bell, The Magic in Your Touch, →ISBN, page 123:",
"text": "Did you know Nash had a complete break with reality, that he was loonier than a toon for almost four months?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cartoon, especially an animated television show."
],
"id": "en-toon-en-noun-mo~bCn7t",
"links": [
[
"cartoon",
"cartoon"
],
[
"animated",
"animated"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A cartoon, especially an animated television show."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cartoon",
"word": "BD"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cartoon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bande dessinée"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kārṭūn",
"sense": "cartoon",
"word": "कार्टून"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cartoon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desenho"
}
]
},
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"Software",
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"Media",
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{
"_dis": "40 60",
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"_dis": "7 26 30 19 4 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
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{
"ref": "2010, Ben Kei Daniel, Handbook of Research on Methods and Techniques for Studying Virtual Communities, →ISBN:",
"text": "Proxemics are very important, however, as the positioning of an agent's toon in anon-combat grouping or in the environment can show place within a social group.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A player's avatar or visible character in a massively multiplayer online role-playing game."
],
"id": "en-toon-en-noun-KU3MlqoB",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"avatar",
"avatar"
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[
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"massively multiplayer online role-playing game"
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],
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],
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],
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"video-games"
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}
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "'toon"
}
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}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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"ref": "1973, Gerald A. Walters, Herbert L. Wick, Coppicing to convert cull Australian toon, tropical ash to acceptable trees:",
"text": "Each plot held 10 cull trees so that 60 Australian toon and 40 tropical ash trees were treated.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A southeast Asian and Australian tree (Toona ciliata or Toona australis) of the mahogany family with fragrant dark red wood and flowers that yield a dye."
],
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[
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"Australian"
],
[
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"tree"
],
[
"Toona ciliata",
"Toona ciliata#Translingual"
],
[
"mahogany",
"mahogany"
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],
"tags": [
"countable",
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tūn",
"sense": "the tree Toona sinsensis",
"word": "तून"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
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"sense": "the tree Toona sinsensis",
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}
]
},
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{
"ref": "1972, Roger G. Skolmen, Paintability of four woods in Hawaii, page 1:",
"text": "After 7 years, all paint combinations except the self-primed latex are showing some failure on all species of wood except Australian toon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The wood of this tree."
],
"id": "en-toon-en-noun-wBWai53R",
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{
"_dis1": "33 67",
"sense": "wood",
"word": "toonwood"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
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{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"sense": "tree",
"word": "Australian red cedar"
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"_dis1": "46 54",
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"word": "tone"
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{
"_dis1": "46 54",
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{
"etymology_number": 3,
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"tags": [
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]
}
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"ref": "1865, George MacDonald, Alec Forbes of Howglen - Volume 2, page 244:",
"text": "Whan I was a callan, I took the play to mysel' for a week, or maybe twa, and gaed wi' a frien' i' the same trade's mysel', to see what was to be seen alang a screed o' the seacoast, frae toon to toon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, B.C., “The Chestnut Tree”, in The Border Counties' Magazine - Volumes 1-2, number 201:",
"text": "Sic changes owre oor toon hae passed Since Mungo placed thee there — A wee bit slender fragile stem, That needed watchfu' care.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Wulf Kurtoglu, Caroline Macafee, Braken Fences, →ISBN, page 43:",
"text": "It tane Bill three month fae the time he pairtit wi Beatrice tae get tae the toon o Shanzi. He stuid on a crest as the sin rase, an saw the fortress toon on the neist ridge, a silhouette lichtenin gradually intae ugly breezeblock buildins.",
"type": "quote"
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],
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"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) A town."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Toon"
}
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
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"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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"tags": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "tune"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English eye dialect",
"parents": [
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"Nonstandard forms",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Nonstandard terms",
"Terms by lexical property",
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"source": "w"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "looney toon"
},
{
"word": "loony toon"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, David Ross Locke, The Struggles (social, Financial and Political) of Petroleum V. Nasby, page 556:",
"text": "But why dress me in bloo? Why not in gray, ef I play Confedrit toons?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Eneas Sweetland Dallas -, Once a Week, page 45:",
"text": "Hark at the way them wires plays toons, as if all the imps of wickedness, and—never mind where—was fiddling dismal toons on purpose to drive a man out of his wits, or to scare him so that he couldn't do his work.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 39:",
"text": "“But toon up, and a song all round.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Joseph Connolly, S.O.S., →ISBN:",
"text": "Why suddenly you're so eager to know the toon, now, Dwight? Before you was saying you didn't even hear no toon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"id": "en-toon-en-noun-WcIpDYuo",
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"tune#English"
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"pronunciation-spelling"
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "dum",
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taihwǭ"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
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"forms": [
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"tags": [
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"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
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"6": "tone",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
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"name": "head"
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"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
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"derived": [
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"1": "af",
"2": "la",
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},
"expansion": "Latin tonus",
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}
],
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
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"3": "",
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "odt",
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],
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"Sciences",
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"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
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"show"
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[
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"demonstrate"
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"(transitive) to show, to demonstrate"
],
"tags": [
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}
],
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}
{
"descendants": [
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: ton, tona (from plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "toon"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch toon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "tonus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tonus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toontje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toon m (plural tonen, diminutive toontje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grondtoon"
},
{
"word": "kiestoon"
},
{
"word": "tonaal"
},
{
"word": "toonhoogte"
},
{
"word": "toonladder"
},
{
"word": "sloottoon"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The tone of the music was somber.",
"text": "De toon van de muziek was somber.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She spoke to him in a stern tone.",
"text": "Ze sprak met een strenge toon tegen hem.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The different tones of the flute sounded beautiful.",
"text": "De verschillende tonen van de fluit klonken prachtig.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tone"
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-noun-AM9M45Nc",
"links": [
[
"tone",
"tone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toontje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toon m (plural tonen, diminutive toontje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "toe",
"word": "teen"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Dated form of teen (“toe”)."
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-noun-LfB9c5ZH",
"links": [
[
"teen",
"teen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Dated form of teen (“toe”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"dated",
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"the front portion of a hoof"
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-noun-Qph8MlEP",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the front portion of a hoof"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "toon",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 1 2 1 24 24 4 3 13 9 8 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 0 1 1 27 27 2 2 15 10 8 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 2 43 43 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-verb-MgXgutY-",
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 2 1 2 1 24 24 4 3 13 9 8 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 0 1 1 27 27 2 2 15 10 8 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 2 43 43 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-verb-75~~Bg3r",
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 2 43 43 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-toon-nl-verb-Kp8Ce3Vs",
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toón",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsb",
"2": "noun",
"head": "toón"
},
"expansion": "toón",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sambali",
"lang_code": "xsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sambali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "xsb",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "xsb:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nape"
],
"id": "en-toon-xsb-noun-eW4y8DsW",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"nape",
"nape"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) nape"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "so",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "toon m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "toon m",
"name": "so-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Somali",
"lang_code": "so",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Somali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"id": "en-toon-so-noun-QQJAhNLi",
"links": [
[
"garlic",
"garlic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toonoʼob",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yua",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "toonoʼob",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f1alt": "toonoʼob",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "toon (plural toonoʼob)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toon (plural toonoʼob)",
"name": "yua-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yucatec Maya",
"lang_code": "yua",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "yua",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "yua:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"penis"
],
"id": "en-toon-yua-noun-9pUtbu9V",
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "keep"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtòːn]"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"af:Anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "langtoon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "toon"
},
"expansion": "Dutch toon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "têe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch têe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*tēa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *tēa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*taihwǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch toon, dialectal form of teen, from Middle Dutch têe, from Old Dutch *tēa, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ. The vocalism -oo- is also present in some Dutch dialects in Utrecht and Holland, but seems unclear. The -n was originally a plural ending that was reanalysed as a singular form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tone",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toontjie",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "diminutive",
"12": "toontjie",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tone",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "toon (plural tone, diminutive toontjie)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tone",
"2": "toontjie"
},
"expansion": "toon (plural tone, diminutive toontjie)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"toe (part of the foot)"
],
"links": [
[
"toe",
"toe"
]
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Latin",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"af:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "toon"
},
"expansion": "Dutch toon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "la",
"3": "tonus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tonus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tone",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "tone",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f2request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "diminutive",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "toon (plural tone)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tone"
},
"expansion": "toon (plural tone)",
"name": "af-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tone, pitch"
],
"links": [
[
"tone",
"tone#English"
],
[
"pitch",
"pitch#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"af:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "tonen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tonen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tônen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tônen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*tōnen"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *tōnen",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch tonen, from Middle Dutch tônen, from Old Dutch *tōnen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toon",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tonende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "getoon",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tonende"
},
"expansion": "toon (present toon, present participle tonende, past participle getoon)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to show, to demonstrate"
],
"links": [
[
"show",
"show"
],
[
"demonstrate",
"demonstrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to show, to demonstrate"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grondtoon"
},
{
"word": "kiestoon"
},
{
"word": "tonaal"
},
{
"word": "toonhoogte"
},
{
"word": "toonladder"
},
{
"word": "sloottoon"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "toon"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: toon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: toon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ton",
"3": "tona",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: ton, tona",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: ton, tona (from plural)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "toon"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch toon",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "tonus"
},
"expansion": "Latin tonus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toontje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toon m (plural tonen, diminutive toontje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The tone of the music was somber.",
"text": "De toon van de muziek was somber.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She spoke to him in a stern tone.",
"text": "Ze sprak met een strenge toon tegen hem.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The different tones of the flute sounded beautiful.",
"text": "De verschillende tonen van de fluit klonken prachtig.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tone"
],
"links": [
[
"tone",
"tone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toontje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toon m (plural tonen, diminutive toontje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "toe",
"word": "teen"
}
],
"categories": [
"Dutch dated forms",
"Dutch dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Dated form of teen (“toe”)."
],
"links": [
[
"teen",
"teen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Dated form of teen (“toe”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"dated",
"dialectal",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the front portion of a hoof"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) the front portion of a hoof"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "toon",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"toon"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tonen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tonen:",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"tonen",
"tonen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[toːn]",
"tags": [
"Belgium"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[toʊ̯n]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg/Nl-toon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Nl-toon.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːn"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"en:Sapindales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "toon shading"
},
{
"word": "toon-shaded"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of cartoon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toon (plural toons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Sara Bell, The Magic in Your Touch, →ISBN, page 123:",
"text": "Did you know Nash had a complete break with reality, that he was loonier than a toon for almost four months?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cartoon, especially an animated television show."
],
"links": [
[
"cartoon",
"cartoon"
],
[
"animated",
"animated"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A cartoon, especially an animated television show."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Video games"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Ben Kei Daniel, Handbook of Research on Methods and Techniques for Studying Virtual Communities, →ISBN:",
"text": "Proxemics are very important, however, as the positioning of an agent's toon in anon-combat grouping or in the environment can show place within a social group.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A player's avatar or visible character in a massively multiplayer online role-playing game."
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"avatar",
"avatar"
],
[
"massively multiplayer online role-playing game",
"massively multiplayer online role-playing game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, video games) A player's avatar or visible character in a massively multiplayer online role-playing game."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-toon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "'toon"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cartoon",
"word": "BD"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cartoon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bande dessinée"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kārṭūn",
"sense": "cartoon",
"word": "कार्टून"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cartoon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desenho"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindi",
"English terms derived from Hindi",
"English terms derived from Sanskrit",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"en:Sapindales order plants"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hi",
"3": "तून"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindi तून (tūn)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Cedrela toona",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Cedrela toona",
"name": "taxlink"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sa",
"3": "तुणि",
"4": "",
"5": "Cedrela toona"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तुणि (tuṇi, “Cedrela toona”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindi तून (tūn), from Sanskrit तुणि (tuṇi, “Cedrela toona”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "toon (countable and uncountable, plural toons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1973, Gerald A. Walters, Herbert L. Wick, Coppicing to convert cull Australian toon, tropical ash to acceptable trees:",
"text": "Each plot held 10 cull trees so that 60 Australian toon and 40 tropical ash trees were treated.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A southeast Asian and Australian tree (Toona ciliata or Toona australis) of the mahogany family with fragrant dark red wood and flowers that yield a dye."
],
"links": [
[
"Asian",
"Asian"
],
[
"Australian",
"Australian"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
],
[
"Toona ciliata",
"Toona ciliata#Translingual"
],
[
"mahogany",
"mahogany"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972, Roger G. Skolmen, Paintability of four woods in Hawaii, page 1:",
"text": "After 7 years, all paint combinations except the self-primed latex are showing some failure on all species of wood except Australian toon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The wood of this tree."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-toon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "tree",
"word": "Australian red cedar"
},
{
"sense": "tree",
"word": "tone"
},
{
"sense": "tree",
"word": "toona"
},
{
"sense": "wood",
"word": "toonwood"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tūn",
"sense": "the tree Toona sinsensis",
"word": "तून"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "ṭunī",
"sense": "the tree Toona sinsensis",
"word": "टुनी"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Sapindales order plants"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Dialectal variant of town.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toon (plural toons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Toon"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Geordie English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1865, George MacDonald, Alec Forbes of Howglen - Volume 2, page 244:",
"text": "Whan I was a callan, I took the play to mysel' for a week, or maybe twa, and gaed wi' a frien' i' the same trade's mysel', to see what was to be seen alang a screed o' the seacoast, frae toon to toon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1881, B.C., “The Chestnut Tree”, in The Border Counties' Magazine - Volumes 1-2, number 201:",
"text": "Sic changes owre oor toon hae passed Since Mungo placed thee there — A wee bit slender fragile stem, That needed watchfu' care.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Wulf Kurtoglu, Caroline Macafee, Braken Fences, →ISBN, page 43:",
"text": "It tane Bill three month fae the time he pairtit wi Beatrice tae get tae the toon o Shanzi. He stuid on a crest as the sin rase, an saw the fortress toon on the neist ridge, a silhouette lichtenin gradually intae ugly breezeblock buildins.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A town."
],
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) A town."
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tuːn]",
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-toon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Sapindales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "looney toon"
},
{
"word": "loony toon"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "toons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toon (plural toons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "tune"
}
],
"categories": [
"English eye dialect",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, David Ross Locke, The Struggles (social, Financial and Political) of Petroleum V. Nasby, page 556:",
"text": "But why dress me in bloo? Why not in gray, ef I play Confedrit toons?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876, Eneas Sweetland Dallas -, Once a Week, page 45:",
"text": "Hark at the way them wires plays toons, as if all the imps of wickedness, and—never mind where—was fiddling dismal toons on purpose to drive a man out of his wits, or to scare him so that he couldn't do his work.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 39:",
"text": "“But toon up, and a song all round.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Joseph Connolly, S.O.S., →ISBN:",
"text": "Why suddenly you're so eager to know the toon, now, Dwight? Before you was saying you didn't even hear no toon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Eye dialect spelling of tune"
],
"links": [
[
"tune",
"tune#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-toon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-toon.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toón",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsb",
"2": "noun",
"head": "toón"
},
"expansion": "toón",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sambali",
"lang_code": "xsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sambali entries with incorrect language header",
"Sambali lemmas",
"Sambali nouns",
"xsb:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"nape"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"nape",
"nape"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) nape"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "so",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "toon m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "toon m",
"name": "so-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Somali",
"lang_code": "so",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Somali entries with incorrect language header",
"Somali lemmas",
"Somali masculine nouns",
"Somali nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"links": [
[
"garlic",
"garlic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toonoʼob",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yua",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "toonoʼob",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f1alt": "toonoʼob",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "toon (plural toonoʼob)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toon (plural toonoʼob)",
"name": "yua-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yucatec Maya",
"lang_code": "yua",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yucatec Maya entries with incorrect language header",
"Yucatec Maya lemmas",
"Yucatec Maya links with redundant alt parameters",
"Yucatec Maya nouns",
"yua:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"penis"
],
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "keep"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtòːn]"
}
],
"word": "toon"
}
Download raw JSONL data for toon meaning in All languages combined (22.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.