See southern on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for southern meaning in All languages combined (28.6kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "northern"
},
{
"word": "boreal"
},
{
"word": "septentrional"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Great Southern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Alps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern arrowwood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern banjo frog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern beech"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern belle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern black tit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern bottlenose whale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern caracara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern cassowary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern crested caracara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Cross"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern cypress pine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Downs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern elephant seal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern fairy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Grampians"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern green stink bug"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern hairy-nosed wombat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern hemisphere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Highlands"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern king crab"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern lamprey"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern lapwing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern lights"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern litter skink"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern magnolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern masked weaver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Midlands"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Mongolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Ocean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern pig-tailed macaque"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Rhodesia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern school whiting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern screamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern sennet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern solstice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Southern Tablelands"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern tigrina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern topeyed lamprey"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern viscacha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern vole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southern yellow pine"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "southerne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English southerne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sothern"
},
"expansion": "sothern",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sutherne"
},
"expansion": "sutherne",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sūþerne",
"4": "",
"5": "southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make"
},
"expansion": "Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunþrōnijaz",
"4": "",
"5": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sh₂un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sh₂wen-"
},
"expansion": "*sh₂wen-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sóh₂wl̥",
"t": "sun"
},
"expansion": "*sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "southron"
},
"expansion": "Scots southron",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sudron",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sudron (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūthern"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sūthern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sundern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sundern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suðrænn",
"3": "",
"4": "southern, tropical"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "south",
"3": "ern"
},
"expansion": "south + -ern",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English southerne, sothern, sutherne, from Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”), from Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sh₂wen-, r/n-stem alternation of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Scots southron, sudron (“southern”), Old Frisian sūthern, sūdern (“southern”), Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”), Middle High German sundern (“southern”), Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”).\nMorphologically south + -ern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more southern",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most southern",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "southern (comparative more southern, superlative most southern)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, facing, situated in, or related to the south."
],
"id": "en-southern-en-adj-nA7Kv2w3",
"links": [
[
"south",
"south"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 68 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives ending in -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 83 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 79 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 83 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ern",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The southern climate.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 8, “The new masters and commanders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 52",
"text": "From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much.[…] But viewed from high up in one of the growing number of skyscrapers in Sri Lanka’s capital, it is clear that something extraordinary is happening: China is creating a shipping hub just 200 miles from India’s southern tip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a southern region, especially Southern Europe or the southern United States."
],
"id": "en-southern-en-adj-inJ~So--",
"links": [
[
"region",
"region"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haravayin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "հարավային"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "paŭdnjóvy",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "паўднёвы"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "južnjáški",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "южня́шки"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "zuiders"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "rsj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "rsw-y:N21"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "eteläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "etelämaalainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretuli",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "სამხრეთული"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "südlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "südländisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "dél"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "déli"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudala"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "deisceartach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "merīdiōnālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "austrālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "søndre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "południowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "do sul/Sul"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sulista"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudic"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "a deas"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "del sur"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sureño"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "doremdik",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "דרומדיק"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of a wind: blowing from the south; southerly."
],
"id": "en-southern-en-adj-AUOf3xIs",
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"southerly",
"southerly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðɚn/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊðɚn/",
"note": "rare, parts of Ontario and Canadian Prairies"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg/En-us-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg/En-ca-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canadian-Prairies",
"Ontario"
],
"text": "Audio (Ontario, Canadian Prairies)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭ''th''′ərn"
},
{
"enpr": "sou''th''′ərn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "southerly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "meridional"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "jugor"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "janūbiyy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جَنُوبِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haravayin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "հարավային"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "cənubi"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güney"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "hegoaldeko"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "paŭdnjóvy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "паўднёвы"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "dokkhin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "দক্ষিণ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "júžen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ю́жен"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "taung",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "တောင်"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "nàm-fông",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南方"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "nàm",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "lâm-hong",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "南方"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "南"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nánfāng",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南方"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nán",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "jižní"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "zuid"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "zuidelijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "rsj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "rsw-y:N21"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "suda"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "lõunamaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "lõuna-"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "syðri"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "eteläinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "etelä-"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "méridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sud"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretuli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთული"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretidan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთიდან"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretis",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთის"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretisa",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთისა"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "südlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "Süd-"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nótios",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "νότιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "noterós",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "νοτερός"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dromí",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "דְּרוֹמִי"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dakṣiṇī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "दक्षिणी"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "déli"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "australa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sudala"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "del sud"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deisceartach"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridionale"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"alt": "みなみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minami",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "oñtüstık",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "оңтүстік"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khaang tboung",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ខាងត្បូង"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namjjogui",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "남쪽의"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "başûrî"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tüştüktük",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "түштүктүк"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tai",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ໃຕ້"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "merīdiōnālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austrālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "dienvidu"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "pietinis"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "pietų"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "južen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "јужен"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "søndre"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sørlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "janubi",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جنوبي"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "sohayli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "سوهيلي"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "soeli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "سويلي"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jonubi",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جنوبی"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "południowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "do sul"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sudic"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "júžnyj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ю́жный"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "soothren"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "a deas"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ју̏жнӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȕžnī"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "južný"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "južen"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "del sur"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sureño"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "södra"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "janubī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ҷанубӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "kön’yak",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "көньяк"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtâai",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ใต้"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "omotruññaiṣṣe"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güney"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güneyli"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "günorta"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pivdénnyj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "півде́нний"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "junubī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جُنُوبی"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jenubiy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جەنۇبىي"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "janubiy"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "nam"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sulüdik"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deheuol"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 3 53",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "doremdik",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "דרומדיק"
}
],
"word": "southern"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "southerne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English southerne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sothern"
},
"expansion": "sothern",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sutherne"
},
"expansion": "sutherne",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sūþerne",
"4": "",
"5": "southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make"
},
"expansion": "Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunþrōnijaz",
"4": "",
"5": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sh₂un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sh₂wen-"
},
"expansion": "*sh₂wen-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sóh₂wl̥",
"t": "sun"
},
"expansion": "*sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "southron"
},
"expansion": "Scots southron",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sudron",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sudron (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūthern"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sūthern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sundern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sundern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suðrænn",
"3": "",
"4": "southern, tropical"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "south",
"3": "ern"
},
"expansion": "south + -ern",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English southerne, sothern, sutherne, from Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”), from Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sh₂wen-, r/n-stem alternation of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Scots southron, sudron (“southern”), Old Frisian sūthern, sūdern (“southern”), Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”), Middle High German sundern (“southern”), Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”).\nMorphologically south + -ern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "southerns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "southern (plural southerns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Henry Hallam, Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries",
"text": "Force prevails most with the northerns, reason with the inhabitants of a temperate or middle climate, superstition with the southerns; thus astrology, magic, and all mysterious sciences have come from the Chaldeans and Egyptians.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Augustin Thierry, History of the Conquest of England by the Normans",
"text": "The peace which the French leaguers made soon after with Louis XL, for money and offices, did not satisfy the southerns, whose views in this patriotic war had been wholly different.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Adolphe Thiers, Frederick Shoberl, The History of the French Revolution, page 34",
"text": "This last formed a strong contrast, by its simplicity and its austere bearing, with the old army of Italy, enriched in the beautiful plains which it had conquered, and composed of brave, fiery, and intemperate Southerns.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Ian Duncan, Edinburgh Companion to James Hogg, page 73",
"text": "Then in 1835 it (negatively) remarked 'a national tone and feeling [. . .] with which we southerns do not wholly sympathize'.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of southerner"
],
"id": "en-southern-en-noun-TbHCCDov",
"links": [
[
"southerner",
"southerner#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "eastern"
},
{
"word": "western"
},
{
"word": "oriental"
},
{
"word": "occidental"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "southerner"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðɚn/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊðɚn/",
"note": "rare, parts of Ontario and Canadian Prairies"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg/En-us-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg/En-ca-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canadian-Prairies",
"Ontario"
],
"text": "Audio (Ontario, Canadian Prairies)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭ''th''′ərn"
},
{
"enpr": "sou''th''′ərn"
}
],
"word": "southern"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "northern"
},
{
"word": "boreal"
},
{
"word": "septentrional"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -ern",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Great Southern"
},
{
"word": "Southern Alps"
},
{
"word": "southern arrowwood"
},
{
"word": "southern banjo frog"
},
{
"word": "southern beech"
},
{
"word": "southern belle"
},
{
"word": "southern black tit"
},
{
"word": "southern bottlenose whale"
},
{
"word": "southern caracara"
},
{
"word": "southern cassowary"
},
{
"word": "southern crested caracara"
},
{
"word": "Southern Cross"
},
{
"word": "southern cypress pine"
},
{
"word": "Southern Downs"
},
{
"word": "southern elephant seal"
},
{
"word": "southern fairy"
},
{
"word": "Southern Grampians"
},
{
"word": "southern green stink bug"
},
{
"word": "southern hairy-nosed wombat"
},
{
"word": "southern hemisphere"
},
{
"word": "Southern Highlands"
},
{
"word": "southern king crab"
},
{
"word": "southern lamprey"
},
{
"word": "southern lapwing"
},
{
"word": "southern lights"
},
{
"word": "southern litter skink"
},
{
"word": "southern magnolia"
},
{
"word": "southern masked weaver"
},
{
"word": "Southern Midlands"
},
{
"word": "Southern Mongolia"
},
{
"word": "Southern Ocean"
},
{
"word": "southern pig-tailed macaque"
},
{
"word": "Southern Rhodesia"
},
{
"word": "southern school whiting"
},
{
"word": "southern screamer"
},
{
"word": "southern sennet"
},
{
"word": "southern solstice"
},
{
"word": "Southern Tablelands"
},
{
"word": "southern tigrina"
},
{
"word": "southern topeyed lamprey"
},
{
"word": "southern viscacha"
},
{
"word": "southern vole"
},
{
"word": "southern yellow pine"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "southerne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English southerne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sothern"
},
"expansion": "sothern",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sutherne"
},
"expansion": "sutherne",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sūþerne",
"4": "",
"5": "southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make"
},
"expansion": "Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunþrōnijaz",
"4": "",
"5": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sh₂un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sh₂wen-"
},
"expansion": "*sh₂wen-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sóh₂wl̥",
"t": "sun"
},
"expansion": "*sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "southron"
},
"expansion": "Scots southron",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sudron",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sudron (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūthern"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sūthern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sundern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sundern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suðrænn",
"3": "",
"4": "southern, tropical"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "south",
"3": "ern"
},
"expansion": "south + -ern",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English southerne, sothern, sutherne, from Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”), from Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sh₂wen-, r/n-stem alternation of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Scots southron, sudron (“southern”), Old Frisian sūthern, sūdern (“southern”), Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”), Middle High German sundern (“southern”), Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”).\nMorphologically south + -ern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more southern",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most southern",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "southern (comparative more southern, superlative most southern)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, facing, situated in, or related to the south."
],
"links": [
[
"south",
"south"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The southern climate.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 8, “The new masters and commanders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 52",
"text": "From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much.[…] But viewed from high up in one of the growing number of skyscrapers in Sri Lanka’s capital, it is clear that something extraordinary is happening: China is creating a shipping hub just 200 miles from India’s southern tip.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a southern region, especially Southern Europe or the southern United States."
],
"links": [
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of a wind: blowing from the south; southerly."
],
"links": [
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"blow",
"blow"
],
[
"southerly",
"southerly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðɚn/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊðɚn/",
"note": "rare, parts of Ontario and Canadian Prairies"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg/En-us-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg/En-ca-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canadian-Prairies",
"Ontario"
],
"text": "Audio (Ontario, Canadian Prairies)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭ''th''′ərn"
},
{
"enpr": "sou''th''′ərn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "southerly"
},
{
"word": "austral"
},
{
"word": "meridional"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "jugor"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "janūbiyy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جَنُوبِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haravayin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "հարավային"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "cənubi"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güney"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "hegoaldeko"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "paŭdnjóvy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "паўднёвы"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "dokkhin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "দক্ষিণ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "júžen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ю́жен"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "taung",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "တောင်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "nàm-fông",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南方"
},
{
"code": "hak",
"lang": "Hakka Chinese",
"roman": "nàm",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "lâm-hong",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "南方"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "南"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nánfāng",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南方"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nán",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "jižní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "zuid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "zuidelijk"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "rsj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "rsw-y:N21"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "suda"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "lõunamaine"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "lõuna-"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "syðri"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "eteläinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "etelä-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "méridional"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sud"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretuli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretidan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთიდან"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretis",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთის"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretisa",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "სამხრეთისა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "südlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "Süd-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nótios",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "νότιος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "noterós",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "νοτερός"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dromí",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "דְּרוֹמִי"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dakṣiṇī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "दक्षिणी"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "déli"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "australa"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sudala"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "del sud"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deisceartach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridionale"
},
{
"alt": "みなみ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minami",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "南"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "oñtüstık",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "оңтүстік"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "khaang tboung",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ខាងត្បូង"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namjjogui",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "남쪽의"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "başûrî"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "tüştüktük",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "түштүктүк"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "tai",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ໃຕ້"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "merīdiōnālis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austrālis"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "dienvidu"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "pietinis"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "pietų"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "južen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "јужен"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "søndre"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sørlig"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "janubi",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جنوبي"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "sohayli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "سوهيلي"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "soeli",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "سويلي"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jonubi",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جنوبی"
},
{
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "południowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "do sul"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sudic"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "júžnyj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ю́жный"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "soothren"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "a deas"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ју̏жнӣ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of the south",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "jȕžnī"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "južný"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "južen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "del sur"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sureño"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "södra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sydlig"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "janubī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ҷанубӣ"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "kön’yak",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "көньяк"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtâai",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "ใต้"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "omotruññaiṣṣe"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güney"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "güneyli"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "günorta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pivdénnyj",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "півде́нний"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "junubī",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جُنُوبی"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jenubiy",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "جەنۇبىي"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "janubiy"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "nam"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "sulüdik"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "deheuol"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "doremdik",
"sense": "of the south",
"word": "דרומדיק"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "haravayin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "հարավային"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "paŭdnjóvy",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "паўднёвы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "južnjáški",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "южня́шки"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "zuiders"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "rsj",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "rsw-y:N21"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "eteläinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "etelämaalainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudiste"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "samxretuli",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "სამხრეთული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "südlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "südländisch"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "dél"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "déli"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudala"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "deisceartach"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "merīdiōnālis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "austrālis"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "søndre"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "południowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "do sul/Sul"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sulista"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sudic"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "deas"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "a deas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "del sur"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "sureño"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "meridional"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "austral"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "doremdik",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a southern region",
"word": "דרומדיק"
}
],
"word": "southern"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms suffixed with -ern",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "southerne"
},
"expansion": "Middle English southerne",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sothern"
},
"expansion": "sothern",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sutherne"
},
"expansion": "sutherne",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sūþerne",
"4": "",
"5": "southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make"
},
"expansion": "Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunþrōnijaz",
"4": "",
"5": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sh₂un-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sh₂wen-"
},
"expansion": "*sh₂wen-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*sóh₂wl̥",
"t": "sun"
},
"expansion": "*sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "southron"
},
"expansion": "Scots southron",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sudron",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sudron (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūthern"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sūthern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "sūdern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sundern",
"3": "",
"4": "southern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German sundern (“southern”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suðrænn",
"3": "",
"4": "southern, tropical"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "south",
"3": "ern"
},
"expansion": "south + -ern",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English southerne, sothern, sutherne, from Old English sūþerne (“southern, southerly, coming from the south; of southern make”), from Proto-Germanic *sunþrōnijaz (“southern”), from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sh₂wen-, r/n-stem alternation of *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Scots southron, sudron (“southern”), Old Frisian sūthern, sūdern (“southern”), Middle Low German sūdern (“southern”), Middle High German sundern (“southern”), Icelandic suðrænn (“southern, tropical”).\nMorphologically south + -ern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "southerns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "southern (plural southerns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "eastern"
},
{
"word": "western"
},
{
"word": "oriental"
},
{
"word": "occidental"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Henry Hallam, Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries",
"text": "Force prevails most with the northerns, reason with the inhabitants of a temperate or middle climate, superstition with the southerns; thus astrology, magic, and all mysterious sciences have come from the Chaldeans and Egyptians.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Augustin Thierry, History of the Conquest of England by the Normans",
"text": "The peace which the French leaguers made soon after with Louis XL, for money and offices, did not satisfy the southerns, whose views in this patriotic war had been wholly different.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Adolphe Thiers, Frederick Shoberl, The History of the French Revolution, page 34",
"text": "This last formed a strong contrast, by its simplicity and its austere bearing, with the old army of Italy, enriched in the beautiful plains which it had conquered, and composed of brave, fiery, and intemperate Southerns.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Ian Duncan, Edinburgh Companion to James Hogg, page 73",
"text": "Then in 1835 it (negatively) remarked 'a national tone and feeling [. . .] with which we southerns do not wholly sympathize'.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of southerner"
],
"links": [
[
"southerner",
"southerner#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "southerner"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌðɚn/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊðɚn/",
"note": "rare, parts of Ontario and Canadian Prairies"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg/En-us-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/En-us-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-southern.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg/En-ca-southern.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/En-ca-southern.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canadian-Prairies",
"Ontario"
],
"text": "Audio (Ontario, Canadian Prairies)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭ''th''′ərn"
},
{
"enpr": "sou''th''′ərn"
}
],
"word": "southern"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": lâm vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"southern"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "southern",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.