See refer on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for refer meaning in All languages combined (28.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cross-refer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "refer to"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "refer someone to"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "referren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English referren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "referre"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "referring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "referred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "referred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "refer (third-person singular simple present refers, present participle referring, simple past and past participle referred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"re‧fer"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reference"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "referral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "relate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "relative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "relation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "relationship"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The shop assistant referred me to the help desk on ground floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To direct the attention of (someone toward something)"
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb--iuFeVqV",
"links": [
[
"attention",
"attention"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To direct the attention of (someone toward something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozovavam se",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "позовавам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anaféro",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "αναφέρω"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "mengarahkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 11 2 28 11 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "hänvisa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He referred the matter to the principal.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to refer a patient to a psychiatrist",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-V8Ga39CY",
"links": [
[
"submit",
"submit"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "neuvoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parapémpo",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "παραπέμπω"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "fare capo"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "pare"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "deferren"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "encaminhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "remeter"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 54 7 11 14 3 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "hänvisa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-Jxc8jrWz",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašāra",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "أَشَارَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kayšir",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "كَيْشِيرْ"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaynʕāt",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "كَيْنْعَّتْ"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpraštam",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "отпращам"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obrǎštam se",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "обръщам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "談到"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tándào",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "谈到"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "odkázat"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "henvise"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "doorverwijzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "neuvoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "référer"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "verweisen"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parapémpo",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "παραπέμπω"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "riferire"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"alt": "といあわせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toiawaseru",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "問い合わせる"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eon'geuphada",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "언급하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "ارجاعیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "encaminhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ssylátʹsja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ссыла́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soslátʹsja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сосла́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otnosítʹ",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "относи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otnestí",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отнести́"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "hänvisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referera"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "posylátysja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "посила́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 8 43 14 5 6 8 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslátysja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "посла́тися"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "To explain the problem, the teacher referred to an example in another textbook.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mention (something); to direct attention (to something)"
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-bgZK0v0D",
"links": [
[
"mention",
"mention"
],
[
"attention",
"attention"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To mention (something); to direct attention (to something)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The recipe referred to several unusual ingredients.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make reference to; to be about; to relate to; to regard; to allude to."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-SFBHL5wL",
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"regard",
"regard"
],
[
"allude",
"allude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, stative) To make reference to; to be about; to relate to; to regard; to allude to."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"stative"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apodídōmi",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "ἀποδίδωμι"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pripisvam",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "приписвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "henvise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "rilati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "viitata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "renvoyer (à)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "sich auf etwas beziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "hivatkozik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "vonatkozik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odnosić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "mencionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referirse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "estar relacionado"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 3 7 9 49 21 9 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "syfta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be referential to another element in a sentence."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-oxmdXYhs",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"referential",
"referential"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) To be referential to another element in a sentence."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In C, the pointer obtained by &a refers to the variable a.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010 September 2, Ajay Mittal, Programming In C: A Practical Approach, Pearson Education India, →OCLC, page 201",
"text": "Hence, the precise number of bytes to which the pointer refers to is not known. The compiler must know the number of bytes to which a pointer refers to in order to apply dereference operation",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object. [+ to (object)]",
"To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-inS9OwuP",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"location",
"location"
],
[
"memory",
"memory"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, programming) To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object. [+ to (object)]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "en:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smith's marks in the finals were unsatisfactory and he was referred.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To require to resit an examination."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-verb-4UJCsmjk",
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"require",
"require"
],
[
"resit",
"resit"
],
[
"examination",
"examination"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, education) To require to resit an examination."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɜː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-refer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-refer.ogg/En-us-refer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-refer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rī-fû"
},
{
"enpr": "rī-fûr"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "delegate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "direct"
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Conversion of refer (noun)",
"name": "conversion"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Conversion of refer (noun)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refer (plural refers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mass media",
"orig": "en:Mass media",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Media",
"Society",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 6 7 6 10 13 9 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English conversions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 2 7 6 7 11 10 16 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015 August 5, “Corrections”, in The Herald-News, Joliet, Illinois: Shaw Media, via Issuu, page 2",
"text": "A refer on page 1 of the Tuesday, Aug. 4, 2015, edition of The Herald-News contained incorrect information about the story “Neighbors at odds over Joliet liquor license” that appeared on Page 4 of the same edition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 May 2, Amanda May Aruani, “Letter from the Editor”, in The Arts Paper, New Haven, Connecticut: The Arts Council of Greater New Haven, via Issuu, page 3",
"text": "Looking at the refers on page 2, it's obvious that May became something of an accidental women's issue.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 September 10, Ralph Blumenthal, “A Time Capsule in Two Front Pages”, in The New York Times, New York City",
"text": "The paper of Sept. 11 was not without its alarms. On Page One, an ominous “refer” (pronounced reefer) to an article inside the paper: Palestinian snipers had killed two Israelis, bringing a retaliatory shelling by Israeli tanks. On A3: A suicide bomber had killed two police officers in Istanbul.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blurb on the front page of a newspaper issue or section that refers the reader to the full story inside the issue or section by listing its slug or headline and its page number."
],
"id": "en-refer-en-noun-0q8LBkkE",
"links": [
[
"journalism",
"journalism"
],
[
"blurb",
"blurb"
],
[
"front page",
"front page"
],
[
"slug",
"slug"
],
[
"headline",
"headline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(journalism) A blurb on the front page of a newspaper issue or section that refers the reader to the full story inside the issue or section by listing its slug or headline and its page number."
],
"topics": [
"journalism",
"media"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːfə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːfɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "reefer"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːfə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-reefer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/En-au-reefer.ogg/En-au-reefer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/En-au-reefer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "re-",
"3": "fer",
"t2": "to do"
},
"expansion": "re- + fer (“to do”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From re- + fer (“to do”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refaig",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refiu",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refet",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-2 irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ca-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "refer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "refent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "refet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refets",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refetes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refaig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refàs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refeia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refèiem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refèieu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refeien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaràs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refarà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refareu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "referes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reférem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "reféreu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "referen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaries",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaríem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refaríeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refarien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refacis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refessis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reféssim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "reféssiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refessin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
},
{
"form": "no refacis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refer (first-person singular present refaig, first-person singular preterite refiu, past participle refet)",
"name": "ca-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ca-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to redo"
],
"id": "en-refer-ca-verb-qHr8gYC3",
"links": [
[
"redo",
"redo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rəˈfe]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[reˈfeɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "refer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "referō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of referō"
],
"id": "en-refer-la-verb-PSlGb6sk",
"links": [
[
"referō",
"refero#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "re-",
"3": "fer",
"t2": "to do"
},
"expansion": "re- + fer (“to do”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From re- + fer (“to do”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refaig",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refiu",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refet",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "conjugation-2 irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ca-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "refer",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "refent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "refet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refets",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refetes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refaig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refàs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refeia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refèiem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refèieu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refeien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaré",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaràs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refarà",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refarem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refareu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "referes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reférem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "reféreu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "referen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaries",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refaria",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaríem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refaríeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refarien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refacis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refessis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reféssim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "reféssiu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "refessin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
},
{
"form": "no refacis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no refaci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"second-person-semantically",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no refem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no refeu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no refacin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"negative",
"plural",
"second-person-semantically"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refer (first-person singular present refaig, first-person singular preterite refiu, past participle refet)",
"name": "ca-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ca-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan irregular verbs",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan palindromes",
"Catalan second conjugation verbs",
"Catalan terms prefixed with re-",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to redo"
],
"links": [
[
"redo",
"redo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rəˈfe]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[reˈfeɾ]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English conversions",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːfə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cross-refer"
},
{
"word": "refer to"
},
{
"word": "refer someone to"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "referren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English referren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "referer"
},
"expansion": "Old French referer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "referre"
},
"expansion": "Latin referre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "referring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "referred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "referred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "refer (third-person singular simple present refers, present participle referring, simple past and past participle referred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"re‧fer"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "reference"
},
{
"word": "referral"
},
{
"word": "relate"
},
{
"word": "relative"
},
{
"word": "relation"
},
{
"word": "relationship"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The shop assistant referred me to the help desk on ground floor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To direct the attention of (someone toward something)"
],
"links": [
[
"attention",
"attention"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To direct the attention of (someone toward something)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He referred the matter to the principal.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to refer a patient to a psychiatrist",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere."
],
"links": [
[
"submit",
"submit"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"consideration",
"consideration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To submit to (another person or group) for consideration; to send or direct elsewhere."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He referred the phenomena to electrical disturbances.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To place in or under by a mental or rational process; to assign to, as a class, a cause, source, a motive, reason, or ground of explanation."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "To explain the problem, the teacher referred to an example in another textbook.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mention (something); to direct attention (to something)"
],
"links": [
[
"mention",
"mention"
],
[
"attention",
"attention"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To mention (something); to direct attention (to something)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The recipe referred to several unusual ingredients.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make reference to; to be about; to relate to; to regard; to allude to."
],
"links": [
[
"reference",
"reference"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"regard",
"regard"
],
[
"allude",
"allude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, stative) To make reference to; to be about; to relate to; to regard; to allude to."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"To be referential to another element in a sentence."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"referential",
"referential"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) To be referential to another element in a sentence."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Programming"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "In C, the pointer obtained by &a refers to the variable a.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010 September 2, Ajay Mittal, Programming In C: A Practical Approach, Pearson Education India, →OCLC, page 201",
"text": "Hence, the precise number of bytes to which the pointer refers to is not known. The compiler must know the number of bytes to which a pointer refers to in order to apply dereference operation",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object. [+ to (object)]",
"To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"location",
"location"
],
[
"memory",
"memory"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, programming) To point to either a specific location in computer memory or to a specific object. [+ to (object)]"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Education"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Smith's marks in the finals were unsatisfactory and he was referred.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To require to resit an examination."
],
"links": [
[
"education",
"education"
],
[
"require",
"require"
],
[
"resit",
"resit"
],
[
"examination",
"examination"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, education) To require to resit an examination."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"education"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɜː/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-refer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/En-us-refer.ogg/En-us-refer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/En-us-refer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "rī-fû"
},
{
"enpr": "rī-fûr"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "delegate"
},
{
"word": "direct"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašāra",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "أَشَارَ"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kayšir",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "كَيْشِيرْ"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kaynʕāt",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "كَيْنْعَّتْ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otpraštam",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "отпращам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obrǎštam se",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "обръщам се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "談到"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tándào",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "谈到"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "odkázat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "henvise"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "doorverwijzen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "neuvoa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "référer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "verweisen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parapémpo",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "παραπέμπω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "riferire"
},
{
"alt": "といあわせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toiawaseru",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "問い合わせる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "eon'geuphada",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "언급하다"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "ارجاعیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "encaminhar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ssylátʹsja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ссыла́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soslátʹsja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сосла́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otnosítʹ",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "относи́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otnestí",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отнести́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "hänvisa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"word": "referera"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "posylátysja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "посила́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poslátysja",
"sense": "to direct to a source for help or information",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "посла́тися"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "neuvoa"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parapémpo",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "παραπέμπω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "fare capo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "pare"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "deferren"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skierować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "encaminhar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "remeter"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to submit to an authority figure for consideration",
"word": "hänvisa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pozovavam se",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "позовавам се"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "ohjata"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anaféro",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "αναφέρω"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "mengarahkan"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"english": "till",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to direct the attention of",
"word": "hänvisa"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "apodídōmi",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "ἀποδίδωμι"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pripisvam",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "приписвам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "henvise"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "verwijzen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "rilati"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "viitata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "renvoyer (à)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "sich auf etwas beziehen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "hivatkozik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "vonatkozik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odnosić się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "mencionar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "referirse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "estar relacionado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to allude to (grammar term)",
"word": "syfta"
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English conversions",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/iːfə(ɹ)"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "refer",
"pos": "noun"
},
"expansion": "Conversion of refer (noun)",
"name": "conversion"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Conversion of refer (noun)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refer (plural refers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Mass media"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015 August 5, “Corrections”, in The Herald-News, Joliet, Illinois: Shaw Media, via Issuu, page 2",
"text": "A refer on page 1 of the Tuesday, Aug. 4, 2015, edition of The Herald-News contained incorrect information about the story “Neighbors at odds over Joliet liquor license” that appeared on Page 4 of the same edition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 May 2, Amanda May Aruani, “Letter from the Editor”, in The Arts Paper, New Haven, Connecticut: The Arts Council of Greater New Haven, via Issuu, page 3",
"text": "Looking at the refers on page 2, it's obvious that May became something of an accidental women's issue.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 September 10, Ralph Blumenthal, “A Time Capsule in Two Front Pages”, in The New York Times, New York City",
"text": "The paper of Sept. 11 was not without its alarms. On Page One, an ominous “refer” (pronounced reefer) to an article inside the paper: Palestinian snipers had killed two Israelis, bringing a retaliatory shelling by Israeli tanks. On A3: A suicide bomber had killed two police officers in Istanbul.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A blurb on the front page of a newspaper issue or section that refers the reader to the full story inside the issue or section by listing its slug or headline and its page number."
],
"links": [
[
"journalism",
"journalism"
],
[
"blurb",
"blurb"
],
[
"front page",
"front page"
],
[
"slug",
"slug"
],
[
"headline",
"headline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(journalism) A blurb on the front page of a newspaper issue or section that refers the reader to the full story inside the issue or section by listing its slug or headline and its page number."
],
"topics": [
"journalism",
"media"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːfə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiːfɝ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "reefer"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːfə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-reefer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/En-au-reefer.ogg/En-au-reefer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/En-au-reefer.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "refer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin palindromes",
"Latin verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "referō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of referō"
],
"links": [
[
"referō",
"refero#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "refer"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.