"penknife" meaning in All languages combined

See penknife on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: penknives [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English penne knyfe; equivalent to pen + knife. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|penne knyfe}} Middle English penne knyfe, {{compound|en|pen|knife}} pen + knife Head templates: {{en-noun|penknives}} penknife (plural penknives)
  1. (archaic) A small utility knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives. Tags: archaic Categories (topical): Tools Translations (knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds): مِطْواة (miṭwāh) [feminine] (Arabic), զմելին (zmelin) (Armenian), գրչահատ (grčʻahat) (Armenian), бәке (bəke) (Bashkir), джобно ножче (džobno nožče) (Bulgarian), 小刀 (xiǎodāo) (Chinese Mandarin), kapesní nůž [masculine] (Czech), pennenmes [neuter] (Dutch), linkkuveitsi (Finnish), canif [masculine] (French), britulin [masculine] (Friulian), canivete [masculine] (Galician), navalla [feminine] (Galician), ჯაყვა (ǯaq̇va) (Georgian), Taschenmesser [neuter] (German), Sackmesser [Switzerland, neuter] (German), σουγιαδάκι (sougiadáki) [neuter] (Greek), क़लमतराश (qalmatrāś) (Hindi), zsebkés (Hungarian), bicska (Hungarian), rugós kés (Hungarian), tollkés (english: archaic sense) (Hungarian), vakarókés (Hungarian), penicilus (Hungarian), pennahnífur [masculine] (Icelandic), posh-kulteleto (Ido), scian phóca [feminine] (Irish), ポケットナイフ (pokettonaifu) (Japanese), Täschemesser [neuter] (Luxembourgish), djemɓe [class-5, class-6] (Ngazidja Comorian), беки (beki) (Nogai), قلمتراش (kalemtıraş, kalemtraş) (Ottoman Turkish), گزلك (gizlik) (Ottoman Turkish), چاقی (çakı) (Ottoman Turkish), قلمتراش (qalam-tarâš) (Persian), scyzoryk [masculine] (Polish), canivete suíço [masculine] (Portuguese), canivete [masculine] (Portuguese), перочи́нный нож (peročínnyj nož) [masculine] (Russian), navaja [feminine] (Spanish), cortaplumas [masculine] (Spanish), pennkniv [common-gender] (Swedish), fickkniv [common-gender] (Swedish), fällkniv [common-gender] (Swedish), చాకు (cāku) (Telugu), ལྟེབས་གྲི (ltebs gri) (Tibetan), çakı (Turkish), cyllell boced [feminine] (Welsh), pengneth [masculine] (Welsh), pencnath [feminine] (Welsh), knyft (West Frisian)
    Sense id: en-penknife-en-noun-qt57q-wo Disambiguation of Tools: 66 29 5 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 50 22 28 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 55 21 24 Disambiguation of 'knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds': 88 9 3
  2. (dated) A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle. Tags: dated
    Sense id: en-penknife-en-noun-KsANoMDp
  3. A pocket-knife, especially a small one.
    Sense id: en-penknife-en-noun-pU5vXSk1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Swiss Army penknife Coordinate_terms: clasp knife, folding knife, jack-knife, pocketknife, Swiss Army knife

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} penknife
  1. Alternative form of penne knyfe Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: penne knyfe
    Sense id: en-penknife-enm-noun-40HiH-4q Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for penknife meaning in All languages combined (13.3kB)

{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "clasp knife"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "folding knife"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "jack-knife"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pocketknife"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Swiss Army knife"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Swiss Army penknife"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "penne knyfe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English penne knyfe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pen",
        "3": "knife"
      },
      "expansion": "pen + knife",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne knyfe; equivalent to pen + knife.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penknives",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "penknives"
      },
      "expansion": "penknife (plural penknives)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 22 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 21 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 29 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "en:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1689, John Flavel, Christ Knocking at the Door",
          "text": "Every sin is damning without Christ. \"The wages of sin is death\". It is no great difference, if a man be killed, whether it be by a sword or a penknife. The least sin violates the whole law. He that offendeth in one point, is guilty of all.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small utility knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives."
      ],
      "id": "en-penknife-en-noun-qt57q-wo",
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ],
        [
          "reed",
          "reed"
        ],
        [
          "nib",
          "nib"
        ],
        [
          "sheath knives",
          "sheath knife"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) A small utility knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "qalmatrāś",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "क़लमतराश"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "kalemtıraş, kalemtraş",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "قلمتراش"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "gizlik",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "گزلك"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "miṭwāh",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "مِطْواة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "zmelin",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "զմելին"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "grčʻahat",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "գրչահատ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "bəke",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "бәке"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "džobno nožče",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "джобно ножче"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xiǎodāo",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "小刀"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kapesní nůž"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pennenmes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "linkkuveitsi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "canif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "britulin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "canivete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "navalla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ǯaq̇va",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "ჯაყვა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Taschenmesser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "Switzerland",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Sackmesser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "sougiadáki",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "σουγιαδάκι"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "zsebkés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "bicska"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "rugós kés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "english": "archaic sense",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "tollkés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "vakarókés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "penicilus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pennahnífur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "posh-kulteleto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "scian phóca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "pokettonaifu",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "ポケットナイフ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "note": "주머니칼 (jumeonikal, literally “pocketknife”)",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Täschemesser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "zdj",
          "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "class-5",
            "class-6"
          ],
          "word": "djemɓe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "nog",
          "lang": "Nogai",
          "roman": "beki",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "беки"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "çakı",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "چاقی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "qalam-tarâš",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "قلمتراش"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "scyzoryk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "canivete suíço"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "canivete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "peročínnyj nož",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "перочи́нный нож"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "navaja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cortaplumas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "pennkniv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "fickkniv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "fällkniv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "cāku",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "చాకు"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "bo",
          "lang": "Tibetan",
          "roman": "ltebs gri",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "ལྟེབས་གྲི"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "çakı"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cyllell boced"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pengneth"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pencnath"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 9 3",
          "code": "fy",
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
          "word": "knyft"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1906, Rudyard Kipling, Puck of Pook's Hill",
          "text": "Presently the man took a reed pen from his satchel, and trimmed it with a little ivory knife, carved in the semblance of a fish.\n\"Oh, what a beauty!\" cried Dan.\n\"’Ware fingers! That blade is perilous sharp. I made it myself of the best Low Country crossbow steel. And so, too, this fish. When his back-fin travels to his tail — so — he swallows up the blade, even as the whale swallowed Gaffer Jonah.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle."
      ],
      "id": "en-penknife-en-noun-KsANoMDp",
      "links": [
        [
          "clasp-knife",
          "clasp-knife"
        ],
        [
          "retractable",
          "retractable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1948, G. Rabel, Discovery",
          "text": "The logical distinction between genus and species can, of course, apply to any objects whatsoever. Thus, for example, the genus knife may be divided into several species, such as penknife, table knife, bread knife, razor, etc. We might define the penknife as a knife small enough to be carried in the pocket, with foldable, sheathable elements, characterized by the feature that one blade at least is always suitable for sharpening pencils and erasing ink spots. We are quite sure in which features all the members of a certain species agree, notwithstanding possible individual characteristics, say a monogram on one penknife, or a corkscrew in another.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A pocket-knife, especially a small one."
      ],
      "id": "en-penknife-en-noun-pU5vXSk1",
      "links": [
        [
          "pocket-knife",
          "pocket-knife"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "penknife"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "penknife",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "penne knyfe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of penne knyfe"
      ],
      "id": "en-penknife-enm-noun-40HiH-4q",
      "links": [
        [
          "penne knyfe",
          "penne knyfe#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "penknife"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English compound terms",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "en:Tools"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "clasp knife"
    },
    {
      "word": "folding knife"
    },
    {
      "word": "jack-knife"
    },
    {
      "word": "pocketknife"
    },
    {
      "word": "Swiss Army knife"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Swiss Army penknife"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "penne knyfe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English penne knyfe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pen",
        "3": "knife"
      },
      "expansion": "pen + knife",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English penne knyfe; equivalent to pen + knife.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penknives",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "penknives"
      },
      "expansion": "penknife (plural penknives)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1689, John Flavel, Christ Knocking at the Door",
          "text": "Every sin is damning without Christ. \"The wages of sin is death\". It is no great difference, if a man be killed, whether it be by a sword or a penknife. The least sin violates the whole law. He that offendeth in one point, is guilty of all.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small utility knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quill",
          "quill"
        ],
        [
          "reed",
          "reed"
        ],
        [
          "nib",
          "nib"
        ],
        [
          "sheath knives",
          "sheath knife"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) A small utility knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dated terms",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1906, Rudyard Kipling, Puck of Pook's Hill",
          "text": "Presently the man took a reed pen from his satchel, and trimmed it with a little ivory knife, carved in the semblance of a fish.\n\"Oh, what a beauty!\" cried Dan.\n\"’Ware fingers! That blade is perilous sharp. I made it myself of the best Low Country crossbow steel. And so, too, this fish. When his back-fin travels to his tail — so — he swallows up the blade, even as the whale swallowed Gaffer Jonah.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clasp-knife",
          "clasp-knife"
        ],
        [
          "retractable",
          "retractable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(dated) A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1948, G. Rabel, Discovery",
          "text": "The logical distinction between genus and species can, of course, apply to any objects whatsoever. Thus, for example, the genus knife may be divided into several species, such as penknife, table knife, bread knife, razor, etc. We might define the penknife as a knife small enough to be carried in the pocket, with foldable, sheathable elements, characterized by the feature that one blade at least is always suitable for sharpening pencils and erasing ink spots. We are quite sure in which features all the members of a certain species agree, notwithstanding possible individual characteristics, say a monogram on one penknife, or a corkscrew in another.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A pocket-knife, especially a small one."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pocket-knife",
          "pocket-knife"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "qalmatrāś",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "क़लमतराश"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "kalemtıraş, kalemtraş",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "قلمتراش"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "gizlik",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "گزلك"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "miṭwāh",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "مِطْواة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "zmelin",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "զմելին"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "grčʻahat",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "գրչահատ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "bəke",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "бәке"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "džobno nožče",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "джобно ножче"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xiǎodāo",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "小刀"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kapesní nůž"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pennenmes"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "linkkuveitsi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "canif"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "britulin"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "canivete"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "navalla"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ǯaq̇va",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "ჯაყვა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Taschenmesser"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "Switzerland",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Sackmesser"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "sougiadáki",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σουγιαδάκι"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "zsebkés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "bicska"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "rugós kés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "english": "archaic sense",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "tollkés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "vakarókés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "penicilus"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pennahnífur"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "posh-kulteleto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "scian phóca"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "pokettonaifu",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "ポケットナイフ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "note": "주머니칼 (jumeonikal, literally “pocketknife”)",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Täschemesser"
    },
    {
      "code": "zdj",
      "lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "class-5",
        "class-6"
      ],
      "word": "djemɓe"
    },
    {
      "code": "nog",
      "lang": "Nogai",
      "roman": "beki",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "беки"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "çakı",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "چاقی"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "qalam-tarâš",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "قلمتراش"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "scyzoryk"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "canivete suíço"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "canivete"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "peročínnyj nož",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "перочи́нный нож"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "navaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cortaplumas"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "pennkniv"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "fickkniv"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "fällkniv"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "cāku",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "చాకు"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "ltebs gri",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "ལྟེབས་གྲི"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "çakı"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cyllell boced"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pengneth"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pencnath"
    },
    {
      "code": "fy",
      "lang": "West Frisian",
      "sense": "knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds",
      "word": "knyft"
    }
  ],
  "word": "penknife"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "penknife",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "penne knyfe"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of penne knyfe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penne knyfe",
          "penne knyfe#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "penknife"
}
{
  "called_from": "page/2530",
  "msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
  "path": [
    "penknife"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "penknife",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2517",
  "msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'small pocketknife', 2: 'pocketknife'}",
  "path": [
    "penknife",
    "trans-top-see"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "penknife",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.