See kto on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kto meaning in All languages combined (17.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kdo"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kdo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kdo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kým",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pron"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "čso"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kdy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kde"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech nouns with actual gender different from declined gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-ocs-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech nouns with actual gender different from declined gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Czech pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-ocs-pron-btAzcUC91",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"someone; anyone"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-ocs-pron-YzBzc0eK",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"anyone",
"anyone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone; anyone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkto/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkto/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kdo"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "chto"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: chto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: chto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kto",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kto, chto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kto, chto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "fto",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: fto, chto, kto, gdo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: fto, chto, kto, gdo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-opl-decl-kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kto m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "zlw-opl-decl-kto"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 0 26 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 28 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-opl-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"someone; anyone"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-opl-pron-YzBzc0eK",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"anyone",
"anyone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone; anyone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 0 26 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 28 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"no one, nobody"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-opl-pron-xCK8GK8O",
"links": [
[
"no one",
"no one"
],
[
"nobody",
"nobody"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in a negated clause) no one, nobody"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in a negated clause"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 0 26 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 28 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who; someone"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-opl-pron-RGxwMJLI",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative, somewhat indefinite) who; someone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 0 26 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 4 28 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who, which, what"
],
"id": "en-kto-zlw-opl-pron-bsPZJzCO",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
],
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative, adjectival) who, which, what"
],
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kto.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kto-pl-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-kto-pl-pron-btAzcUC91",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-sing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kto",
"2": "kogo",
"3": "komu",
"4": "kogo",
"5": "kim",
"6": "kim",
"7": "kto"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-sing"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 42 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ktoś"
},
{
"word": "nikt"
}
],
"glosses": [
"someone"
],
"id": "en-kto-pl-noun-KlnVnjgJ",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "кто",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kto (Cyrillic spelling кто)",
"name": "sh-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "tko"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of tko."
],
"id": "en-kto-sh-pron-Tc2pGmoz",
"links": [
[
"tko",
"tko#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-decl-kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kōmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "szl-decl-kto"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fto"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of fto"
],
"id": "en-kto-szl-pron-H5RoXbjM",
"links": [
[
"fto",
"fto#Silesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷid"
},
"expansion": "*kʷid",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷis"
},
"expansion": "*kʷis",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷid, (compare *kʷis).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-sg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "kým",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular-only"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "kto",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kto",
"2": "koho",
"3": "komu",
"4": "koho",
"5": "kom",
"6": "kým"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun-sg"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ktože"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who?"
],
"id": "en-kto-sk-pron-HYF20Xk1",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kto̞/"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Czech lemmas",
"Old Czech nouns with actual gender different from declined gender",
"Old Czech pronouns",
"Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kdo"
},
"expansion": "Czech: kdo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: kdo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kým",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pron"
},
"name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Czech",
"lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "čso"
},
{
"word": "kdy"
},
{
"word": "kde"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"someone; anyone"
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"anyone",
"anyone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone; anyone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkto/",
"note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkto/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kdo"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish pronouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-mas",
"2": "chto"
},
"expansion": "Masurian: chto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Masurian: chto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kto",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: kto, chto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: kto, chto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "fto",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: fto, chto, kto, gdo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: fto, chto, kto, gdo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zlw-opl-decl-kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "kto m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "zlw-opl-decl-kto"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"someone; anyone"
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"anyone",
"anyone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone; anyone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"no one, nobody"
],
"links": [
[
"no one",
"no one"
],
[
"nobody",
"nobody"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in a negated clause) no one, nobody"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in a negated clause"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"who; someone"
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative, somewhat indefinite) who; someone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"who, which, what"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
],
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative, adjectival) who, which, what"
],
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish pronouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kto.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"interrogative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative) who"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish pronouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ktoś"
},
{
"word": "nikt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kto",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-sing",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kto",
"2": "kogo",
"3": "komu",
"4": "kogo",
"5": "kim",
"6": "kim",
"7": "kto"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-sing"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"someone"
],
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"indefinite"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(indefinite) someone"
],
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "chto"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "кто",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kto (Cyrillic spelling кто)",
"name": "sh-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "tko"
}
],
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian obsolete forms",
"Serbo-Croatian pronouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of tko."
],
"links": [
[
"tko",
"tko#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-decl-kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kōmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kogo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "kto m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kto"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "szl-decl-kto"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fto"
}
],
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Silesian/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ɔ/1 syllable",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian pronouns",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of fto"
],
"links": [
[
"fto",
"fto#Silesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈktɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ktože"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kъto"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷid"
},
"expansion": "*kʷid",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kʷis"
},
"expansion": "*kʷis",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъto, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷid, (compare *kʷis).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-decl-noun-sg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "komu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "koho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "kom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular-only"
]
},
{
"form": "kým",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular-only"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "kto",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kto",
"2": "koho",
"3": "komu",
"4": "koho",
"5": "kom",
"6": "kým"
},
"name": "sk-decl-noun-sg"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Slovak 1-syllable words",
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak pronouns",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"who?"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kto̞/"
}
],
"word": "kto"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.