See clod on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for clod meaning in All languages combined (24.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cloddy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "clodhopping"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clot"
},
"expansion": "Old English clot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klott",
"t": "mass, ball, clump"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "cloud",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kloot",
"t": "clod"
},
"expansion": "kloot (“clod”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clodhamer",
"t": "a kind of thrush"
},
"expansion": "Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Clodhangra",
"pos": "a placename"
},
"expansion": "Clodhangra (a placename)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kloddō",
"t": "lump, clod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gel-",
"t": "to ball up, become lumpy"
},
"expansion": "*gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "clod, lump"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "lump, blob"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Old English clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to kloot (“clod”).\nAlternatively, Middle English clod may derive from Old English *clod (found in Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”) and Clodhangra (a placename)), from Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”), from *gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”), related to West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”), Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clods",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clod (plural clods)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), originally published in 1581 by Torquato Tasso, Jerusalem Delivered\nclods of blood"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Warwick Deeping, Uther and Igraine",
"text": "As for yon clod of clay, we will bury it later, lest it should pollute so goodly a pool.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary",
"text": "One of the clods took it back of the ear, and it used language. It gave me a thrill, for it was the first time I had ever heard speech, except my own.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest",
"text": "\"What a bunch of hooey,\" I said under my breath, tossing a dirt clod over my shoulder against the locked-up garden shed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lump of something, especially earth or clay."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-noun-en:lump_of_something__especially_earth_or_clay",
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:lump of something, especially earth or clay"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buca",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "буца"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terròs"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hrouda"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klomp"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kluit"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "klont"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "bulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "paakku"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "motte"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toutizo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Klumpen"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "de",
"english": "earth",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Erdklumpen"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bôlos",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βῶλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bôlax",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βῶλαξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "רֶגֶב"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "koma"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glaeba"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "paioneone"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "pōkurukuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "peipei"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "poikurukuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "pokuru"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "clod"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "clot"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kolux",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "کلوخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grudka"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "torrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bulgăre"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kom",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ком"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glýba",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глы́ба"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fòid"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gleba"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "(jord-)klump"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 21 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "(jord-)koka"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Jonathan Swift, Pethox the Great",
"text": "the clod where once their sultan's horse hath trod",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-noun-BrM89WN6",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 89 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ground, a spot of earth or turf",
"word": "maa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 89 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ground, a spot of earth or turf",
"word": "tanner"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1906, Robert Barr, The Triumphs of Eugène Valmont",
"text": "'What was its number?'\n'I don't know, sir.'\n'You clod! Why didn't you call one of our men, whoever was nearest, and leave him to shadow the American while you followed the cab?'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1986 February 14, Bill Watterson, Calvin and Hobbes",
"text": "So here's a valentine for you, you insensitive clod!!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Chickenpox (episode of South Park TV series)",
"text": "Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and clods."
},
{
"ref": "2015, \"Jail Break\" (episode of Steven Universe TV series)",
"text": "Peridot: Don't touch that! You clods don't know what you're doing!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stupid person; a dolt."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-noun-en:stupid_person",
"links": [
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"dolt",
"dolt"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stupid person"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glupak",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глупак"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "hňup"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "nuija"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
],
"word": "cruche"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "andouille"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trottel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "t'embel",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טמבל"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonto"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ólux",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́лух"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "durák",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дура́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dúrenʹ",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ду́рень"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glupéc",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глупе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonto"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Part of a shoulder of beef, or of the neck piece near the shoulder."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-noun-en:cut_of_beef_at_shoulder_or_neck",
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"beef",
"beef"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:cut of beef at shoulder or neck"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "part of a shoulder or neck of beef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachaço"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɒd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-clod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg/En-us-clod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clot"
},
"expansion": "Old English clot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klott",
"t": "mass, ball, clump"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "cloud",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kloot",
"t": "clod"
},
"expansion": "kloot (“clod”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clodhamer",
"t": "a kind of thrush"
},
"expansion": "Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Clodhangra",
"pos": "a placename"
},
"expansion": "Clodhangra (a placename)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kloddō",
"t": "lump, clod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gel-",
"t": "to ball up, become lumpy"
},
"expansion": "*gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "clod, lump"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "lump, blob"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Old English clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to kloot (“clod”).\nAlternatively, Middle English clod may derive from Old English *clod (found in Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”) and Clodhangra (a placename)), from Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”), from *gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”), related to West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”), Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clods",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clodding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clodded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clodded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clod (third-person singular simple present clods, present participle clodding, simple past and past participle clodded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 5 30 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary",
"text": "When I went there yesterday evening in the gloaming it had crept down and was trying to catch the little speckled fishes that play in the pool, and I had to clod it to make it go up the tree again and let them alone.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1959, Louis L'Amour, The First Fast Draw",
"text": "when I came out and started to hoist it to the mule's back they rushed at me and jerked my suspenders down and then they clodded me with chunks of dirt",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pelt with clods."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-verb-C15ZtWDg",
"links": [
[
"pelt",
"pelt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pelt with clods."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 5 30 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To throw violently; to hurl."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-verb-f96qqtYa",
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"hurl",
"hurl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Scotland) To throw violently; to hurl."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 5 30 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610, Giles Fletcher, Christ's Victorie and Triumph",
"text": "Clodded in lumps of clay.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot."
],
"id": "en-clod-en-verb-78uB8TFc"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɒd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-clod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg/En-us-clod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clodred"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clodden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cloddre"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "English: clod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: clod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Scots: clod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: clod"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A late by-form of clot of unclear provenance. Compare Old English *clod, a form of clot found in compounds and placenames.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloddes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clod",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cloddes"
},
"expansion": "clod (plural cloddes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 40 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 20 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 42",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cuts of meat",
"orig": "enm:Cuts of meat",
"parents": [
"Meats",
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A clod; a ball of earth or clay."
],
"id": "en-clod-enm-noun-vkNVsZaV",
"links": [
[
"clod",
"clod#English"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 21 42",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cuts of meat",
"orig": "enm:Cuts of meat",
"parents": [
"Meats",
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A clot or clump of blood."
],
"id": "en-clod-enm-noun-rL2v8HIB",
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A clot or clump of blood."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 21 42",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cuts of meat",
"orig": "enm:Cuts of meat",
"parents": [
"Meats",
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shoulder of beef."
],
"id": "en-clod-enm-noun-z~ha2TiF",
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"beef",
"beef"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A shoulder of beef."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clodd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clodde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cludde"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dispraise",
"word": "anghlod"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to sing the praises of",
"word": "canu clodydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "famous, renowned",
"word": "clodfawr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "praiseworthy",
"word": "clodwiw"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*klod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *klod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klutom",
"4": "",
"5": "rumour; fame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-",
"4": "",
"5": "heard, famous"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“heard, famous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "clywed",
"3": "",
"4": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "clywed (“to hear”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *klod, from Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“heard, famous”) (whence also clywed (“to hear”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clodydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "glod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghlod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chlod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "clodydd"
},
"expansion": "clod m (plural clodydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"praise, renown, credit"
],
"id": "en-clod-cy-noun-VDZioaNo",
"links": [
[
"praise",
"praise"
],
[
"renown",
"renown"
],
[
"credit",
"credit"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"distinction (in exam results)"
],
"id": "en-clod-cy-noun-iN5joPLZ",
"links": [
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːd/"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cloddy"
},
{
"word": "clodhopping"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clot"
},
"expansion": "Old English clot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klott",
"t": "mass, ball, clump"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "cloud",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kloot",
"t": "clod"
},
"expansion": "kloot (“clod”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clodhamer",
"t": "a kind of thrush"
},
"expansion": "Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Clodhangra",
"pos": "a placename"
},
"expansion": "Clodhangra (a placename)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kloddō",
"t": "lump, clod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gel-",
"t": "to ball up, become lumpy"
},
"expansion": "*gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "clod, lump"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "lump, blob"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Old English clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to kloot (“clod”).\nAlternatively, Middle English clod may derive from Old English *clod (found in Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”) and Clodhangra (a placename)), from Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”), from *gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”), related to West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”), Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clods",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clod (plural clods)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), originally published in 1581 by Torquato Tasso, Jerusalem Delivered\nclods of blood"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Warwick Deeping, Uther and Igraine",
"text": "As for yon clod of clay, we will bury it later, lest it should pollute so goodly a pool.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary",
"text": "One of the clods took it back of the ear, and it used language. It gave me a thrill, for it was the first time I had ever heard speech, except my own.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest",
"text": "\"What a bunch of hooey,\" I said under my breath, tossing a dirt clod over my shoulder against the locked-up garden shed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lump of something, especially earth or clay."
],
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:lump of something, especially earth or clay"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1723, Jonathan Swift, Pethox the Great",
"text": "the clod where once their sultan's horse hath trod",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1906, Robert Barr, The Triumphs of Eugène Valmont",
"text": "'What was its number?'\n'I don't know, sir.'\n'You clod! Why didn't you call one of our men, whoever was nearest, and leave him to shadow the American while you followed the cab?'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1986 February 14, Bill Watterson, Calvin and Hobbes",
"text": "So here's a valentine for you, you insensitive clod!!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Chickenpox (episode of South Park TV series)",
"text": "Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and clods."
},
{
"ref": "2015, \"Jail Break\" (episode of Steven Universe TV series)",
"text": "Peridot: Don't touch that! You clods don't know what you're doing!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stupid person; a dolt."
],
"links": [
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"dolt",
"dolt"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stupid person"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Part of a shoulder of beef, or of the neck piece near the shoulder."
],
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"beef",
"beef"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:cut of beef at shoulder or neck"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɒd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-clod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg/En-us-clod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buca",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "буца"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gleva"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terròs"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hrouda"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "klomp"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kluit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "klont"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "bulo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "paakku"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "motte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terrón"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toutizo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Klumpen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "earth",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Erdklumpen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bôlos",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βῶλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bôlax",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "βῶλαξ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "רֶגֶב"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "koma"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glaeba"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "paioneone"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "pōkurukuru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "peipei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "pōkurukuru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "poikurukuru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "pokuru"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "clod"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "clot"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "kolux",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"word": "کلوخ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grudka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "torrão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bulgăre"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kom",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ком"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glýba",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глы́ба"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fòid"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grumo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "terrón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gleba"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "(jord-)klump"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "lump of something, especially of earth or clay",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "(jord-)koka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ground, a spot of earth or turf",
"word": "maa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "ground, a spot of earth or turf",
"word": "tanner"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glupak",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глупак"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blb"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "hňup"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "nuija"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
],
"word": "cruche"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "andouille"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trottel"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "t'embel",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טמבל"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "daba"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ólux",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "о́лух"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "durák",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дура́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dúrenʹ",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ду́рень"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glupéc",
"sense": "stupid person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глупе́ц"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "stupid person",
"word": "tonto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "part of a shoulder or neck of beef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachaço"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd",
"Rhymes:English/ɒd/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "clot"
},
"expansion": "Old English clot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klott",
"t": "mass, ball, clump"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cloud"
},
"expansion": "cloud",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kloot",
"t": "clod"
},
"expansion": "kloot (“clod”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clod",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clodhamer",
"t": "a kind of thrush"
},
"expansion": "Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Clodhangra",
"pos": "a placename"
},
"expansion": "Clodhangra (a placename)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kloddō",
"t": "lump, clod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gel-",
"t": "to ball up, become lumpy"
},
"expansion": "*gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "clod, lump"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "klodde",
"t": "lump, blob"
},
"expansion": "Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Old English clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to kloot (“clod”).\nAlternatively, Middle English clod may derive from Old English *clod (found in Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”) and Clodhangra (a placename)), from Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”), from *gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”), related to West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”), Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clods",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clodding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "clodded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "clodded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clod (third-person singular simple present clods, present participle clodding, simple past and past participle clodded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary",
"text": "When I went there yesterday evening in the gloaming it had crept down and was trying to catch the little speckled fishes that play in the pool, and I had to clod it to make it go up the tree again and let them alone.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1959, Louis L'Amour, The First Fast Draw",
"text": "when I came out and started to hoist it to the mule's back they rushed at me and jerked my suspenders down and then they clodded me with chunks of dirt",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pelt with clods."
],
"links": [
[
"pelt",
"pelt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pelt with clods."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"To throw violently; to hurl."
],
"links": [
[
"throw",
"throw"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"hurl",
"hurl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, Scotland) To throw violently; to hurl."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1610, Giles Fletcher, Christ's Victorie and Triumph",
"text": "Clodded in lumps of clay.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɒd/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑd/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒd"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-clod.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg/En-us-clod.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/En-us-clod.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Cuts of meat"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "clodred"
},
{
"word": "clodden"
},
{
"word": "cloddre"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "English: clod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: clod"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "clod"
},
"expansion": "Scots: clod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: clod"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*clod"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "clot"
},
"expansion": "clot",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A late by-form of clot of unclear provenance. Compare Old English *clod, a form of clot found in compounds and placenames.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloddes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clod",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cloddes"
},
"expansion": "clod (plural cloddes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A clod; a ball of earth or clay."
],
"links": [
[
"clod",
"clod#English"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A clot or clump of blood."
],
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A clot or clump of blood."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A shoulder of beef."
],
"links": [
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"beef",
"beef"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A shoulder of beef."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "clodd"
},
{
"word": "clodde"
},
{
"word": "cludde"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dispraise",
"word": "anghlod"
},
{
"english": "to sing the praises of",
"word": "canu clodydd"
},
{
"english": "famous, renowned",
"word": "clodfawr"
},
{
"english": "praiseworthy",
"word": "clodwiw"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*klod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *klod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klutom",
"4": "",
"5": "rumour; fame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-",
"4": "",
"5": "heard, famous"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“heard, famous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "clywed",
"3": "",
"4": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "clywed (“to hear”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *klod, from Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“heard, famous”) (whence also clywed (“to hear”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clodydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "glod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghlod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chlod",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "clodydd"
},
"expansion": "clod m (plural clodydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"praise, renown, credit"
],
"links": [
[
"praise",
"praise"
],
[
"renown",
"renown"
],
[
"credit",
"credit"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"distinction (in exam results)"
],
"links": [
[
"distinction",
"distinction"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kloːd/"
}
],
"word": "clod"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: glod, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"clod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "clod",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nghlod, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"clod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "clod",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: chlod, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"clod"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "clod",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.