See -ius on Wiktionary
{
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-ius<id:suffix forming adjectives>",
"id": "suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusbor.\nTranslingual -ius",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ius"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ius",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusbor.\nTranslingual -ius\nBorrowed from Latin -ius.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "suffix"
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"expansion": "-ius",
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"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 27 33 20 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 17 20 6 23 8 13 7",
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{
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{
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"_dis": "60 40",
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"parents": [],
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"Latinizing suffix"
],
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"kind": "other",
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ium"
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],
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{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-io"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-io"
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{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "-io"
}
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{
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"name": "etymon"
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{
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"expansion": "Old Latin -ios",
"name": "der"
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"1": "la",
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"2": "ine-pro",
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{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ῐος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)",
"name": "cog"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-jos, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
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"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
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"form": "la-adecl",
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{
"form": "-ius",
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"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "-ia",
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"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
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"form": "-iī",
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"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
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{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
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]
}
],
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{
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],
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{
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"forming adjectives from nouns"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-XJvjHqpl",
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"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "5 32 22 7 23 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"_dis": "13 54 10 4 13 4",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "9 39 20 6 16 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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"found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens)"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-LNMLNErA",
"links": [
[
"'nomina gentilicia'",
"w:Nomen gentilicium"
],
[
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"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
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{
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{
"_dis": "10 27 33 20 11",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "5 17 20 6 23 8 13 7",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "3 17 20 7 25 9 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix for Latinizing surnames"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-ihYe0-8f",
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[i.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-āceus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-āneus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ticus"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
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"etymology_text": "See -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees).",
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{
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"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ius",
"name": "head"
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"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of -ior"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-qs1-M02p",
"links": [
[
"-ior",
"-ior#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
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"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "See -ō (suffix forming adverbs).",
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{
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"2": "suffix form"
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{
"_dis": "5 17 20 6 23 8 13 7",
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"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "3 17 20 7 25 9 13 7",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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{
"word": "adverbs ending in -ō"
}
],
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"comparative degree of adverbs ending in -ō"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-~prJJR8j",
"links": [
[
"adverbs ending in -ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
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{
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"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
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"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-osjos"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-ósyo",
"pos": "genitive case suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "quī, cuius"
},
{
"text": "hic, huius"
},
{
"text": "ūnus, ūnī̆us"
},
{
"text": "alter, alterī̆us (alongside alterī, alterae)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns"
],
"id": "en--ius-la-suffix-YkSZJnEk",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
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"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
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"categories": [
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"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Old Latin",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "-io"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "-io"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
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"id": "suffix forming adjectives"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
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"1": "la",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "-ios"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin -ios",
"name": "der"
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{
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"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-jos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-jos",
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},
{
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"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ῐος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-jos, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ius",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-iīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-iī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-iae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ius"
},
"expansion": "-ius (feminine -ia, neuter -ium); first/second-declension suffix",
"name": "la-suffix-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ius"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forming adjectives from nouns"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens)"
],
"links": [
[
"'nomina gentilicia'",
"w:Nomen gentilicium"
],
[
"gens",
"w:gens"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suffix for Latinizing surnames"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames"
],
"tags": [
"New-Latin",
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[i.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-āceus"
},
{
"word": "-āneus"
},
{
"word": "-ticus"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ius",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of -ior"
],
"links": [
[
"-ior",
"-ior#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[i.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "See -ō (suffix forming adverbs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ius",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "adverbs ending in -ō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comparative degree of adverbs ending in -ō"
],
"links": [
[
"adverbs ending in -ō",
"-o#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"comparative",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[i.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-osjos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-osjos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-ósyo",
"pos": "genitive case suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ius",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "quī, cuius"
},
{
"text": "hic, huius"
},
{
"text": "ūnus, ūnī̆us"
},
{
"text": "alter, alterī̆us (alongside alterī, alterae)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[i.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[i.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Translingual entries with etymology trees",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual suffixes",
"Translingual terms borrowed from Latin",
"Translingual terms derived from Latin",
"Translingual terms derived from Old Latin",
"Translingual terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-ius<id:suffix forming adjectives>",
"id": "suffix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusbor.\nTranslingual -ius",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ius"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ius",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -iusbor.\nTranslingual -ius\nBorrowed from Latin -ius.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ius",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Latinizing suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suffix for making genera eponymous of a male person"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ius"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ius meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.