"-ior" meaning in All languages combined

See -ior on Wiktionary

Suffix [Latin]

IPA: /i.or/ [Classical-Latin], [iɔr] [Classical-Latin], /i.or/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ior] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *-jōs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs, for original **-yoss, i.e. the s-stem *-yos- with masculine nominative *-s. The ō from the nominative case was made common to all cases. Afterwards nom.sg. -iōr > -ior, by Latin sound laws. Thus paradoxically, as in the r-stems (soror, -tor, -or), in the resulting paradigm the one form with a short stem vowel is the only form whose stem was etymologically long. Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-jōs}} Proto-Italic *-jōs, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-yōs}} Proto-Indo-European *-yōs Head templates: {{head|la|suffix|neuter|-ius|g=m|g2=f}} -ior m or f (neuter -ius) Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|-ior}} Forms: -ius [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], -ior [feminine, masculine, nominative, singular], -ius [neuter, nominative, singular], -iōrēs [feminine, masculine, nominative, singular], -iōra [neuter, nominative, plural], -iōris [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter, singular], -iōrum [feminine, genitive, masculine, neuter], -iōrī [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], -iōribus [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter], -iōrem [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], -ius [accusative, neuter, singular], -iōrēs [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], -iōrīs [accusative, feminine, masculine, singular], -iōra [accusative, neuter, plural], -iōre [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], -iōrī [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, singular], -iōribus [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter], -ior [feminine, masculine, singular, vocative], -ius [neuter, singular, vocative], -iōrēs [feminine, masculine, singular, vocative], -iōra [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. forms adjectives’ comparative degrees Wikipedia link: History of Latin Tags: declension-3, feminine, masculine, morpheme Related terms: -issimus (english: suffix forming adjectives’ superlative degrees)

Suffix [Romanian]

Forms: -iori [plural], -ioară [feminine], -ioare [feminine, plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Latin -olus. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|-olus|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin -olus, {{inh+|ro|la|-olus}} Inherited from Latin -olus Head templates: {{head|ro|suffix|plural|-iori|feminine|-ioară|feminine plural|-ioare|cat2=diminutive suffixes|g=m}} -ior m (plural -iori, feminine -ioară, feminine plural -ioare)
  1. Forms diminutives of nouns. Tags: masculine, morpheme Related terms: -șor
    Sense id: en--ior-ro-suffix-9IoC1BP0 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Romanian entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-jōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-jōs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-jōs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs, for original **-yoss, i.e. the s-stem *-yos- with masculine nominative *-s. The ō from the nominative case was made common to all cases. Afterwards nom.sg. -iōr > -ior, by Latin sound laws. Thus paradoxically, as in the r-stems (soror, -tor, -or), in the resulting paradigm the one form with a short stem vowel is the only form whose stem was etymologically long.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "neuter",
        "4": "-ius",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ior m or f (neuter -ius)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ior"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
          "parents": [
            "Suffixes with multiple genders",
            "Suffixes by gender",
            "Suffixes",
            "Morphemes",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "esculentus → esculentior"
        },
        {
          "text": "pūtidus → pūtidior"
        },
        {
          "text": "ulter → ulterior (not *ultrior)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms adjectives’ comparative degrees"
      ],
      "id": "en--ior-la-suffix-gwPigLZ6",
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "suffix forming adjectives’ superlative degrees",
          "word": "-issimus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "History of Latin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i.or/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[iɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i.or/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ior]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ior"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-olus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -olus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-olus"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin -olus",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -olus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iori",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ioară",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ioare",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "-iori",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "-ioară",
        "7": "feminine plural",
        "8": "-ioare",
        "cat2": "diminutive suffixes",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-ior m (plural -iori, feminine -ioară, feminine plural -ioare)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "frate (“brother”) + -ior → frățior",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mia (“ewe”) + -ior → mioară",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms diminutives of nouns."
      ],
      "id": "en--ior-ro-suffix-9IoC1BP0",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-șor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ior"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-jōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-jōs",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-yōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yōs",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-jōs, from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs, for original **-yoss, i.e. the s-stem *-yos- with masculine nominative *-s. The ō from the nominative case was made common to all cases. Afterwards nom.sg. -iōr > -ior, by Latin sound laws. Thus paradoxically, as in the r-stems (soror, -tor, -or), in the resulting paradigm the one form with a short stem vowel is the only form whose stem was etymologically long.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōris",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōribus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ius",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōrēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iōra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "neuter",
        "4": "-ius",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ior m or f (neuter -ius)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ior"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "suffix forming adjectives’ superlative degrees",
      "word": "-issimus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin 2-syllable words",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin feminine suffixes",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin masculine suffixes",
        "Latin suffixes",
        "Latin suffixes with multiple genders",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "esculentus → esculentior"
        },
        {
          "text": "pūtidus → pūtidior"
        },
        {
          "text": "ulter → ulterior (not *ultrior)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms adjectives’ comparative degrees"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "History of Latin"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/i.or/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[iɔr]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/i.or/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ior]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ior"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-olus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -olus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-olus"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin -olus",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -olus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iori",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ioară",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ioare",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "-iori",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "-ioară",
        "7": "feminine plural",
        "8": "-ioare",
        "cat2": "diminutive suffixes",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "-ior m (plural -iori, feminine -ioară, feminine plural -ioare)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-șor"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Romanian diminutive suffixes",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian masculine suffixes",
        "Romanian suffixes",
        "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
        "Romanian terms inherited from Latin"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "frate (“brother”) + -ior → frățior",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mia (“ewe”) + -ior → mioară",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms diminutives of nouns."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ior"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -ior meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.