See -issimus on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-isme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: -isme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: -isme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "-íssim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: -íssim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: -íssim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "-issimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Franco-Provençal: -issimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Franco-Provençal: -issimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-issime",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: -issime",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: -issime"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "-ísimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: -ísimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: -ísimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-issimo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: -issimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: -issimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-íssimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: -íssimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: -íssimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "-ìssimu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: -ìssimu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: -ìssimu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "-ísimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: -ísimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: -ísimo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-isemos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-isemos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-is-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-is-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-umô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-umô",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Via Proto-Italic *-isemos, from Proto-Indo-European *-is- (zero-grade of *-yōs (intensive/comparative suffix)) + *-tm̥mós (absolute superlative suffix). The latter is seen whole in -timus (e.g. intimus – extimus, citimus – ultimus, assimilated pessimus – optimus). The original form seems, however, to be *-m̥mós (cf. super – summus, Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌼𐌰 (innuma, “innermost”)), with acquired t from the paradigm -ter- – -timus- (e.g. exter – extimus), and is cognate with Proto-Germanic *-umô (source, via metanalysis, of English -most). By various sound changes (e.g. *-isemos > *-ismos > -īmus) superlative grades in -īmus, -ēmus etc. (e.g. extrēmus, suprēmus) are also found.\nThe expected alteration of *-(o)ism̥mos to *-erimus is nowhere to be found. The -ss- may be an example of expressive lengthening of the *-s- or influence from specific forms as pessimus and endings in -errimus and -illimus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-issima",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issime",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-issimus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "-ior"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "altus (“high”) + -issimus → altissimus (“highest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fortis (“strong”) + -issimus → fortissimus (“strongest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective noun to form its superlative grade"
],
"id": "en--issimus-la-suffix-dK~kyWIH",
"links": [
[
"superlative",
"superlative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to an adjective noun to form its superlative grade:"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-issumus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈis.si.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɪs̠ːɪmʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈis.si.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈisːimus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-issimus"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "-ior"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-isme"
},
"expansion": "Old French: -isme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: -isme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "-íssim",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: -íssim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: -íssim"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "-issimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Franco-Provençal: -issimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Franco-Provençal: -issimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-issime",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: -issime",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: -issime"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "-ísimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: -ísimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: -ísimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-issimo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: -issimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: -issimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "-íssimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: -íssimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: -íssimo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "-ìssimu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: -ìssimu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: -ìssimu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "-ísimo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: -ísimo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: -ísimo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-isemos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-isemos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-is-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-is-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-umô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-umô",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Via Proto-Italic *-isemos, from Proto-Indo-European *-is- (zero-grade of *-yōs (intensive/comparative suffix)) + *-tm̥mós (absolute superlative suffix). The latter is seen whole in -timus (e.g. intimus – extimus, citimus – ultimus, assimilated pessimus – optimus). The original form seems, however, to be *-m̥mós (cf. super – summus, Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌼𐌰 (innuma, “innermost”)), with acquired t from the paradigm -ter- – -timus- (e.g. exter – extimus), and is cognate with Proto-Germanic *-umô (source, via metanalysis, of English -most). By various sound changes (e.g. *-isemos > *-ismos > -īmus) superlative grades in -īmus, -ēmus etc. (e.g. extrēmus, suprēmus) are also found.\nThe expected alteration of *-(o)ism̥mos to *-erimus is nowhere to be found. The -ss- may be an example of expressive lengthening of the *-s- or influence from specific forms as pessimus and endings in -errimus and -illimus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-issima",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-issime",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issimae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-issima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-issimus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "altus (“high”) + -issimus → altissimus (“highest”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fortis (“strong”) + -issimus → fortissimus (“strongest”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective noun to form its superlative grade"
],
"links": [
[
"superlative",
"superlative#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Added to an adjective noun to form its superlative grade:"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈis.si.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɪs̠ːɪmʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈis.si.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈisːimus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-issumus"
}
],
"word": "-issimus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -issimus meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.