See 茨 on Wiktionary
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple canj",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"茨 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈一人 (TIMO) or 廿一一人 (TMMO), four-corner 4418₂, composition ⿱艹次)"
],
"id": "en-茨-mul-character-B5HmkRj5",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"艹",
"艹#Translingual"
],
[
"次",
"次#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "乾茨臘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "干茨腊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "土階茅茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "土阶茅茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "楚茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Bōcítǎn",
"word": "波茨坦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "牆有茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "墙有茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茅茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茆茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茅茨不剪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茅茨土階"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茅茨土阶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茨實米"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茨实米"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "Cíhé",
"word": "茨河"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cígū",
"word": "茨菰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "茨藻"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "野茨菰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fúcí",
"word": "鳧茨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fúcí",
"word": "凫茨"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *zli"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "艸",
"2": "次",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli): semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli): semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "茨",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 1 2 1 1 15 2 5 3 1 15 1 15 1 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 1 0 1 1 1 16 1 4 2 1 16 1 16 1 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"caltrop, puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris"
],
"id": "en-茨-zh-character-JYyb-vJq",
"links": [
[
"caltrop",
"caltrop"
],
[
"puncture vine",
"puncture vine"
],
[
"Tribulus terrestris",
"Tribulus terrestris#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kǎn",
"word": "莰"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of 莰 (kǎn)."
],
"id": "en-茨-zh-character-lh-v1Yn3",
"links": [
[
"莰",
"莰#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "茨",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "potato, sweet potato and yam",
"word": "薯"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Teochew Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of 薯 (“potato, sweet potato and yam”)"
],
"id": "en-茨-zh-character-4jVBqwXg",
"links": [
[
"薯",
"薯#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) alternative form of 薯 (“potato, sweet potato and yam”)"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ze⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ze⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tsṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Fourth grade kyōiku kanji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese fourth grade kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kyōiku kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 4 4 7 5 8 4 4 7 4 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"briar, bramble"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-character-pDmRtiNS",
"links": [
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "いばら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ubara/ → /ibara/\nSound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below). Now the modern version of this term.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"いばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ibara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "いばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(いばら) • (ibara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
22,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.",
"ref": "1999 May 27, “魔(ま)界(かい)のイバラ [Thorns of the Demon World]”, in Vol.3, Konami:",
"roman": "Makai ni seisoku suru ibara. Muri ni tōrō to suru mono ni karamitsuku.",
"ruby": [
[
"魔",
"ま"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"息",
"そく"
],
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"理",
"り"
],
[
"通",
"とお"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
]
],
"text": "魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろうとする者にからみつく。",
"translation": "A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-eXo01fbt",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "刺"
},
{
"word": "棘"
},
{
"word": "針"
},
{
"word": "鍼"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kansai Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorn on a plant"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-C~XIMjUU",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, chiefly Kansai) a thorn on a plant"
],
"tags": [
"Kansai",
"regional"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 18 3 10 2 2 18 2 18 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 14 4 13 3 4 14 4 14 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 17 3 10 3 3 17 3 17 3 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 18 2 8 2 3 18 3 18 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 16 4 8 3 3 16 3 16 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 13 3 10 5 4 16 4 16 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 42 9 25 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-didvPuKQ",
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suffering, hardship, distress"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-435gHuz9",
"links": [
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) suffering, hardship, distress"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "ja:Architecture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Construction",
"orig": "ja:Construction",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 18 3 10 2 2 18 2 18 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 14 4 13 3 4 14 4 14 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-WQrxWsGr",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"construction",
"construction"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"curved",
"curved"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
],
[
"cusped",
"cusped"
],
[
"gable",
"gable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable"
],
"topics": [
"architecture",
"business",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-XSLc2oAI",
"links": [
[
"downmarket",
"downmarket"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, slang) during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "端女郎"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bara",
"ruby": [
[
"薔薇",
"ばら"
]
],
"word": "薔薇"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "うばら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.\nAppears alongside the umara form (see below), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"うばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ubara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(うばら) • (ubara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-eXo01fbt1",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 18 3 10 2 2 18 2 18 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 14 4 13 3 4 14 4 14 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 17 3 10 3 3 17 3 17 3 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 18 2 8 2 3 18 3 18 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 16 4 8 3 3 16 3 16 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 13 3 10 5 4 16 4 16 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-didvPuKQ1",
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Man'yōshū",
"Prenasalized consonant"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "うまら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.\nAppears alongside the ubara form (see above), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"うまら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "umara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うまら"
},
"expansion": "茨(うまら) • (umara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
24
]
],
"ref": "794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 47:",
"text": "翹棘 翹尅 音交 訓久波多川 棘 音里 訓宇末良",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-eXo01fbt1",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 18 3 10 2 2 18 2 18 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 14 4 13 3 4 14 4 14 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 17 3 10 3 3 17 3 17 3 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 18 2 8 2 3 18 3 18 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 16 4 8 3 3 16 3 16 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 13 3 10 5 4 16 4 16 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-didvPuKQ1",
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Man'yōshū",
"Prenasalized consonant"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ん"
},
"expansion": "ん (n)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "む"
},
"expansion": "む (mu)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ん"
},
"expansion": "ん (n)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "む"
},
"expansion": "む (mu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears in the Heian period, apparently as a shift from ubara. Used in The Tales of Ise dating to the early 900s CE.\nConsidering the earlier free alternation between ubara and umara, suggesting a possible prenasalized pronunciation such as */umbara/, this mubara may have arisen from an alternative spelling to clarify nasalization. Old Japanese orthography had no unambiguous means of specifying the nasal coda consonant ん (n), using む (mu) instead. In fact, the modern kana ん (n) developed from a hentaigana form of む (mu).\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"むばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mubara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(むばら) • (mubara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-eXo01fbt1",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 18 3 10 2 2 18 2 18 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 14 4 13 3 4 14 4 14 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 17 3 10 3 3 17 3 17 3 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 18 2 8 2 3 18 3 18 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 16 4 8 3 3 16 3 16 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 4 13 3 10 5 4 16 4 16 4 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"id": "en-茨-ja-noun-didvPuKQ1",
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Heian period",
"Prenasalized consonant",
"The Tales of Ise"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ja",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "ja",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "cha",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "ca",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "자",
"tr": "ja"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "자",
"mr": "cha",
"rv": "ja",
"y": "ca"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "자",
"mr": "cha",
"rv": "ja",
"y": "ca"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean hanja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-茨-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "tỳ",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "tì",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-茨-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 茨",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "乾茨臘"
},
{
"word": "干茨腊"
},
{
"word": "土階茅茨"
},
{
"word": "土阶茅茨"
},
{
"word": "楚茨"
},
{
"roman": "Bōcítǎn",
"word": "波茨坦"
},
{
"word": "牆有茨"
},
{
"word": "墙有茨"
},
{
"word": "茅茨"
},
{
"word": "茆茨"
},
{
"word": "茅茨不剪"
},
{
"word": "茅茨土階"
},
{
"word": "茅茨土阶"
},
{
"word": "茨實米"
},
{
"word": "茨实米"
},
{
"roman": "Cíhé",
"word": "茨河"
},
{
"roman": "cígū",
"word": "茨菰"
},
{
"word": "茨藻"
},
{
"word": "野茨菰"
},
{
"roman": "fúcí",
"word": "鳧茨"
},
{
"roman": "fúcí",
"word": "凫茨"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *zli"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "艸",
"2": "次",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli): semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zli): semantic 艸 + phonetic 次 (OC *sn̥ʰis).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "茨",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"caltrop, puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris"
],
"links": [
[
"caltrop",
"caltrop"
],
[
"puncture vine",
"puncture vine"
],
[
"Tribulus terrestris",
"Tribulus terrestris#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "kǎn",
"word": "莰"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of 莰 (kǎn)."
],
"links": [
[
"莰",
"莰#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 茨",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "茨",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "potato, sweet potato and yam",
"word": "薯"
}
],
"categories": [
"Teochew Chinese"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of 薯 (“potato, sweet potato and yam”)"
],
"links": [
[
"薯",
"薯#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Teochew) alternative form of 薯 (“potato, sweet potato and yam”)"
],
"tags": [
"Teochew",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ze⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ze⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tsṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí (ci²)"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄘˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "cíh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tzʻŭ²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "tsź"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "tsyr"
},
{
"roman": "cy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цы"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ci⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "chìh"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "tsi⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "qi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰiː²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ce⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "tshṳ̂"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh_pron": "dzij"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh_pron": "/*zli/"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese jōyō kanji",
"Japanese kanji",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading じ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading し",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading いばら",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading うばら",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading うまら",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading くさぶき",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading むばら",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading あし",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading えばら",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ばら",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading まつ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading まん",
"Japanese kyōiku kanji",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 茨",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Fourth grade kyōiku kanji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"briar, bramble"
],
"links": [
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 茨",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "いばら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ubara/ → /ibara/\nSound shift from Old Japanese ubara (see below). Now the modern version of this term.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"いばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ibara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "いばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(いばら) • (ibara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
22,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.",
"ref": "1999 May 27, “魔(ま)界(かい)のイバラ [Thorns of the Demon World]”, in Vol.3, Konami:",
"roman": "Makai ni seisoku suru ibara. Muri ni tōrō to suru mono ni karamitsuku.",
"ruby": [
[
"魔",
"ま"
],
[
"界",
"かい"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
],
[
"息",
"そく"
],
[
"無",
"む"
],
[
"理",
"り"
],
[
"通",
"とお"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
]
],
"text": "魔界に生息するイバラ。無理に通ろうとする者にからみつく。",
"translation": "A thorny plant that grows in the demon world. It constricts any unwary passerby.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "刺"
},
{
"word": "棘"
},
{
"word": "針"
},
{
"word": "鍼"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Kansai Japanese",
"Regional Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"a thorn on a plant"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, chiefly Kansai) a thorn on a plant"
],
"tags": [
"Kansai",
"regional"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"suffering, hardship, distress"
],
"links": [
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) suffering, hardship, distress"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Architecture",
"ja:Construction"
],
"glosses": [
"the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable"
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"construction",
"construction"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"curved",
"curved"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
],
[
"cusped",
"cusped"
],
[
"gable",
"gable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture, construction) the point where two curved lines come together, such as the tip of a cusped gable"
],
"topics": [
"architecture",
"business",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese slang",
"Japanese terms with historical senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute"
],
"links": [
[
"downmarket",
"downmarket"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, slang) during the Edo period, a downmarket prostitute"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "端女郎"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 茨",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bara",
"ruby": [
[
"薔薇",
"ばら"
]
],
"word": "薔薇"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "うばら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.\nAppears alongside the umara form (see below), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"うばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ubara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(うばら) • (ubara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Man'yōshū",
"Prenasalized consonant"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 茨",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "うまら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.\nAppears alongside the ubara form (see above), suggesting possible prenasalization, perhaps realized as */umbara/.\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"うまら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "umara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うまら"
},
"expansion": "茨(うまら) • (umara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
24
]
],
"ref": "794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 47:",
"text": "翹棘 翹尅 音交 訓久波多川 棘 音里 訓宇末良",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Man'yōshū",
"Prenasalized consonant"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 茨",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ん"
},
"expansion": "ん (n)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "む"
},
"expansion": "む (mu)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ん"
},
"expansion": "ん (n)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "む"
},
"expansion": "む (mu)",
"name": "ja-r"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears in the Heian period, apparently as a shift from ubara. Used in The Tales of Ise dating to the early 900s CE.\nConsidering the earlier free alternation between ubara and umara, suggesting a possible prenasalized pronunciation such as */umbara/, this mubara may have arisen from an alternative spelling to clarify nasalization. Old Japanese orthography had no unambiguous means of specifying the nasal coda consonant ん (n), using む (mu) instead. In fact, the modern kana ん (n) developed from a hentaigana form of む (mu).\nSuperseded by ibara above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "茨",
"ruby": [
[
"茨",
"むばら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "mubara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "むばら"
},
"expansion": "茨(むばら) • (mubara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
],
[
"bramble",
"bramble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) a thorny bush or shrub: a briar, a bramble"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"general name for wild roses"
],
"links": [
[
"wild",
"wild"
],
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) general name for wild roses"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[mɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "いばら"
},
{
"ipa": "[iba̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟ba̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijirin",
"Heian period",
"Prenasalized consonant",
"The Tales of Ise"
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ja",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "자",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "ja",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "cha",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "ca",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "자",
"tr": "ja"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "자",
"mr": "cha",
"rv": "ja",
"y": "ca"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "자",
"mr": "cha",
"rv": "ja",
"y": "ca"
},
"expansion": "茨 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han char with multiple canj",
"Han script characters",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"茨 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈一人 (TIMO) or 廿一一人 (TMMO), four-corner 4418₂, composition ⿱艹次)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"艹",
"艹#Translingual"
],
[
"次",
"次#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "tỳ",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "tì",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "茨"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 茨 meaning in All languages combined (24.6kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"茨"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "茨",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"茨"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "茨",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"茨"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "茨",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"茨"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "茨",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (19bd8d3 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.