See γένος on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "גניסא",
"3": "גנסא",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aramaic: גניסא, גנסא",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aramaic: גניסא, גנסא"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "γένος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: γένος (génos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: γένος (génos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "grk-pro>*génos>family",
"id": "race"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*génos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *génos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "genus"
},
"expansion": "Latin genus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जनस्",
"tr": "jánas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जनस् (jánas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ծին"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ծին (cin)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *génos. Cognate with Latin genus, Sanskrit जनस् (jánas), Old Armenian ծին (cin), among others; see also γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to be born”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "génos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γένους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένη",
"roman": "tằ génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ γένους",
"roman": "toû génous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενοῖν",
"roman": "genoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενῶν",
"roman": "genôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ γένει",
"roman": "tôi génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενοῖν",
"roman": "genoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένη",
"roman": "tằ génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεος",
"roman": "géneos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένευς",
"roman": "géneus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέων",
"roman": "genéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεῐ̈",
"roman": "géneĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ γένεος",
"roman": "toû géneos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένευς",
"roman": "géneus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέων",
"roman": "genéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ γένει",
"roman": "tôi génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεῐ̈",
"roman": "géneĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐν γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένεος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "γένους"
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (genitive γένεος or γένους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένους",
"dial": "att"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένεος",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένεος",
"dial": "ion"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "geneá",
"word": "γενεά"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "génesis",
"word": "γένεσις"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-genḗs",
"word": "-γενής"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "génna",
"word": "γέννα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gígnomai",
"word": "γίγνομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gónos",
"word": "γόνος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.354",
"roman": "amphotéroisin homòn génos ēd’ ía pátrē",
"text": "ἀμφοτέροισιν ὁμὸν γένος ἠδ᾽ ἴα πάτρη"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race, stock, kin"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-yI66983z",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "4th century BC, Isaeus, Ciron 33",
"roman": "génos gàr all’ oukhì sungéneia toût’ estín",
"text": "γένος γὰρ ἀλλ᾽ οὐχὶ συγγένεια τοῦτ᾽ ἐστίν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race, stock, kin",
"direct descent, as opposed to collateral relationship"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-rFgqxu-B",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"collateral",
"collateral"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.180",
"roman": "hḕ d’ ár’ éēn theîon génos oud’ anthrṓpōn",
"text": "ἣ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἔην θεῖον γένος οὐδ᾽ ἀνθρώπων"
}
],
"glosses": [
"offspring, descendant"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-hxhdlSzv",
"links": [
[
"offspring",
"offspring"
],
[
"descendant",
"descendant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.126.11",
"roman": "ekeînoí te ekaloûnto kaì tò génos tò ap’ ekeínōn",
"text": "ἐκεῖνοί τε ἐκαλοῦντο καὶ τὸ γένος τὸ ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνων"
}
],
"glosses": [
"offspring, descendant",
"offspring, posterity"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-eCE6XWBm",
"links": [
[
"offspring",
"offspring"
],
[
"descendant",
"descendant"
],
[
"posterity",
"posterity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"offspring, descendant",
"(collective) offspring, posterity"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 19 0 0 53 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "grc:Family",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.35.1",
"roman": "Phrùx mèn geneêi, géneos dè toû basilēḯou",
"text": "Φρὺξ μὲν γενεῇ, γένεος δὲ τοῦ βασιληΐου"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"family, clan, house"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-BfdOOEsu",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"clan",
"clan"
],
[
"house",
"house"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"family, clan, house"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.56.1"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"tribe, nation, race, as a subdivision of ἔθνος (éthnos)"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-aDA01JOp",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"tribe",
"tribe"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"subdivision",
"subdivision"
],
[
"ἔθνος",
"ἔθνος#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"tribe, nation, race, as a subdivision of ἔθνος (éthnos)"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Egyptians are divided into seven classes",
"ref": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.164.1",
"roman": "ésti dè Aiguptíōn heptà génea",
"text": "ἔστι δὲ Αἰγυπτίων ἑπτὰ γένεα"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"caste"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-wL23mFd6",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"caste",
"caste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"caste"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.29"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"breed of animals"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-t5KIjK6g",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"breed of animals"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.23",
"roman": "hēmithéōn génos andrôn",
"text": "ἡμιθέων γένος ἀνδρῶν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-KHO-0TEW",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.215",
"roman": "génei hústeros",
"text": "γένει ὕστερος"
}
],
"glosses": [
"age, generation, time of life"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-h8nkst0g",
"links": [
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"generation",
"generation"
],
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 189d"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sex, gender"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-OtW~kJHn",
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "grc:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 8 8 5 5 5 5 5 9 1 20 4 6 5 4 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 9 9 3 5 5 3 2 3 2 17 7 10 7 6 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 2 6 6 6 12 6 12 1 22 1 4 3 3 1 1 1 1 4 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 1 1 7 7 7 7 7 14 0 24 1 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sex, gender",
"grammatical gender"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-mbIIY9II",
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"grammatical",
"grammatical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sex, gender",
"(grammar) grammatical gender"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Logic",
"orig": "grc:Logic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1059β.36",
"roman": "tà génē d’ eis eídē pleíō kaì diaphéronta diaireîtai",
"text": "τὰ γένη δ᾽ εἰς εἴδη πλείω καὶ διαφέροντα διαιρεῖται"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"the opposite of εἶδος (eîdos, “species”)"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-e1Ievw6S",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"εἶδος",
"εἶδος#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(logic) the opposite of εἶδος (eîdos, “species”)"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "grc:Taxonomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 1.1.487b.17",
"roman": "tò tôn karkínōn génos",
"text": "τὸ τῶν καρκίνων γένος"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class",
"genus"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-oGIdgSKV",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class",
"(taxonomy) genus"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "grc:Taxonomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.8.13"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "PTeb. 66.43",
"roman": "állois génesi toîs pròs puròn dioikouménois",
"text": "ἄλλοις γένεσι τοῖς πρὸς πυρὸν διοικουμένοις"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class",
"species of plant; crop, produce; material"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-sPf2QYmQ",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"crop",
"crop"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class",
"species of plant; crop, produce; material"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "grc:Taxonomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 1.6.490b.7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-GrGWKwA1",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 54b"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"element"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-Ra42Oz45",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"element",
"element"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The hounds used are of two kinds",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 3.1",
"roman": "Tà dè génē tôn kunôn dittá",
"text": "Τὰ δὲ γένη τῶν κυνῶν διττά"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind"
],
"id": "en-γένος-grc-noun-HPOU2Qz7",
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡé.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡé.nos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡe.nos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "γένος"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "domain",
"roman": "epikráteia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επικράτεια"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "kingdom",
"roman": "vasíleio",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βασίλειο"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "phylum",
"roman": "synomotaxía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνομοταξία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "class",
"roman": "omotaxía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ομοταξία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "order",
"roman": "táxi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τάξη"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "family",
"roman": "oikogéneia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οικογένεια"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "species",
"roman": "eídos",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "είδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "subspecies",
"roman": "ypoeídos",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "υποείδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "subfamily",
"roman": "ypooikogéneia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "υποοικογένεια"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γένος (génos)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γένος (génos). Also see γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I am born”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "génos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nN-ος-η-2b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένους",
"roman": "génous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενών",
"roman": "genón",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "γένη",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (plural γένη)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "γένη"
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (plural γένη)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"γέ‧νος"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένη",
"3": "γένους",
"4": "γενών",
"5": "γένος",
"6": "γένη",
"7": "γένος",
"8": "γένη",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-genís",
"word": "-γενής"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "generation",
"roman": "geneá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενεά"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "genealogy",
"roman": "genealogía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενεαλογία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "birth, beginning",
"roman": "génesi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γένεση"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "genésthai",
"word": "γενέσθαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "genesiourgós",
"word": "γενεσιουργός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "genetic",
"roman": "genetikós",
"word": "γενετικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "generation",
"roman": "geniá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "offspring",
"roman": "gónos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γόνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "birth",
"roman": "génna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γέννα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "I give birth",
"roman": "gennáo",
"word": "γεννάω"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "birth",
"roman": "génnisi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γέννηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Ι become",
"roman": "gínomai",
"word": "γίνομαι"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"family"
],
"id": "en-γένος-el-noun-00pWmreq",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nation"
],
"id": "en-γένος-el-noun-dADsElDh",
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "el:Biology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "el:Taxonomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 43 39 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 36 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns declining like 'δάσος'",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 70 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Taxonomic ranks",
"orig": "el:Taxonomic ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genus"
],
"id": "en-γένος-el-noun-snufSo6u",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy, biology) genus"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "el:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 43 39 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gender (masculine, feminine, etc)"
],
"id": "en-γένος-el-noun-BWLLvTUk",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"masculine",
"masculine"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) gender (masculine, feminine, etc)"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 43 39 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"english": "Eleni Papadopoulou née Menegaki.",
"roman": "I Eléni Papadopoúlou, to génos Menegáki.",
"text": "Η Ελένη Παπαδοπούλου, το γένος Μενεγάκη.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"maiden name, née"
],
"id": "en-γένος-el-noun-lZHk8TH1",
"links": [
[
"maiden name",
"maiden name"
],
[
"née",
"née"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʝenos/"
},
{
"audio": "Ell-Genos.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/Ell-Genos.ogg/Ell-Genos.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Ell-Genos.ogg"
}
],
"word": "γένος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"el:Taxonomic ranks",
"grc:Family"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "גניסא",
"3": "גנסא",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aramaic: גניסא, גנסא",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aramaic: גניסא, גנסא"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "γένος"
},
"expansion": "Greek: γένος (génos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: γένος (génos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "inh",
"3": "grk-pro>*génos>family",
"id": "race"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*génos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *génos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "genus"
},
"expansion": "Latin genus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जनस्",
"tr": "jánas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जनस् (jánas)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ծին"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ծին (cin)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *génos. Cognate with Latin genus, Sanskrit जनस् (jánas), Old Armenian ծին (cin), among others; see also γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to be born”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "génos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γένους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένη",
"roman": "tằ génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ γένους",
"roman": "toû génous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενοῖν",
"roman": "genoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενῶν",
"roman": "genôn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ γένει",
"roman": "tôi génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενοῖν",
"roman": "genoîn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîs génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένη",
"roman": "tằ génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "génē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Epic declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεος",
"roman": "géneos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένευς",
"roman": "géneus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέων",
"roman": "genéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεῐ̈",
"roman": "géneĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "declension-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Third declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ γένεος",
"roman": "toû géneos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένευς",
"roman": "géneus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέων",
"roman": "genéōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ γένει",
"roman": "tôi génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεῐ̈",
"roman": "géneĭ̈",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενέοιν",
"roman": "genéoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖσῐν γένεσῐ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεσῐν",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ génesĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭ génesĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toîsĭnĭn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸ γένος",
"roman": "tò génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾰ̀ γένεᾰ",
"roman": "tằ géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένει",
"roman": "génei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεε",
"roman": "génee",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένεᾰ",
"roman": "géneă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένεος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "γένους"
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (genitive γένεος or γένους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένους",
"dial": "att"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένεος",
"dial": "epi"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένεος",
"dial": "ion"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "geneá",
"word": "γενεά"
},
{
"roman": "génesis",
"word": "γένεσις"
},
{
"roman": "-genḗs",
"word": "-γενής"
},
{
"roman": "génna",
"word": "γέννα"
},
{
"roman": "gígnomai",
"word": "γίγνομαι"
},
{
"roman": "gónos",
"word": "γόνος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.354",
"roman": "amphotéroisin homòn génos ēd’ ía pátrē",
"text": "ἀμφοτέροισιν ὁμὸν γένος ἠδ᾽ ἴα πάτρη"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race, stock, kin"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "4th century BC, Isaeus, Ciron 33",
"roman": "génos gàr all’ oukhì sungéneia toût’ estín",
"text": "γένος γὰρ ἀλλ᾽ οὐχὶ συγγένεια τοῦτ᾽ ἐστίν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race, stock, kin",
"direct descent, as opposed to collateral relationship"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"direct",
"direct"
],
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"collateral",
"collateral"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.180",
"roman": "hḕ d’ ár’ éēn theîon génos oud’ anthrṓpōn",
"text": "ἣ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἔην θεῖον γένος οὐδ᾽ ἀνθρώπων"
}
],
"glosses": [
"offspring, descendant"
],
"links": [
[
"offspring",
"offspring"
],
[
"descendant",
"descendant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek collective nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.126.11",
"roman": "ekeînoí te ekaloûnto kaì tò génos tò ap’ ekeínōn",
"text": "ἐκεῖνοί τε ἐκαλοῦντο καὶ τὸ γένος τὸ ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνων"
}
],
"glosses": [
"offspring, descendant",
"offspring, posterity"
],
"links": [
[
"offspring",
"offspring"
],
[
"descendant",
"descendant"
],
[
"posterity",
"posterity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"offspring, descendant",
"(collective) offspring, posterity"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.35.1",
"roman": "Phrùx mèn geneêi, géneos dè toû basilēḯou",
"text": "Φρὺξ μὲν γενεῇ, γένεος δὲ τοῦ βασιληΐου"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"family, clan, house"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"clan",
"clan"
],
[
"house",
"house"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"family, clan, house"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.56.1"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"tribe, nation, race, as a subdivision of ἔθνος (éthnos)"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"tribe",
"tribe"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"subdivision",
"subdivision"
],
[
"ἔθνος",
"ἔθνος#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"tribe, nation, race, as a subdivision of ἔθνος (éthnos)"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Egyptians are divided into seven classes",
"ref": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.164.1",
"roman": "ésti dè Aiguptíōn heptà génea",
"text": "ἔστι δὲ Αἰγυπτίων ἑπτὰ γένεα"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"caste"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"caste",
"caste"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"caste"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.29"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings",
"breed of animals"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings",
"breed of animals"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.23",
"roman": "hēmithéōn génos andrôn",
"text": "ἡμιθέων γένος ἀνδρῶν"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race of beings"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) race of beings"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.215",
"roman": "génei hústeros",
"text": "γένει ὕστερος"
}
],
"glosses": [
"age, generation, time of life"
],
"links": [
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"generation",
"generation"
],
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 189d"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sex, gender"
],
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"grc:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"sex, gender",
"grammatical gender"
],
"links": [
[
"sex",
"sex"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"grammatical",
"grammatical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sex, gender",
"(grammar) grammatical gender"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations",
"grc:Logic"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1059β.36",
"roman": "tà génē d’ eis eídē pleíō kaì diaphéronta diaireîtai",
"text": "τὰ γένη δ᾽ εἰς εἴδη πλείω καὶ διαφέροντα διαιρεῖται"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"the opposite of εἶδος (eîdos, “species”)"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"εἶδος",
"εἶδος#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(logic) the opposite of εἶδος (eîdos, “species”)"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations",
"grc:Taxonomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 1.1.487b.17",
"roman": "tò tôn karkínōn génos",
"text": "τὸ τῶν καρκίνων γένος"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class",
"genus"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class",
"(taxonomy) genus"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Ancient Greek quotations",
"grc:Taxonomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 4.8.13"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "PTeb. 66.43",
"roman": "állois génesi toîs pròs puròn dioikouménois",
"text": "ἄλλοις γένεσι τοῖς πρὸς πυρὸν διοικουμένοις"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class",
"species of plant; crop, produce; material"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"crop",
"crop"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class",
"species of plant; crop, produce; material"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"grc:Taxonomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 1.6.490b.7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"class"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"(taxonomy) class"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 54b"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind",
"element"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"element",
"element"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The hounds used are of two kinds",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 3.1",
"roman": "Tà dè génē tôn kunôn dittá",
"text": "Τὰ δὲ γένη τῶν κυνῶν διττά"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class, sort, kind"
],
"links": [
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡé.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡé.nos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡe.nos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʝe.nos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "γένος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek lemmas",
"Greek neuter nouns",
"Greek nouns",
"Greek nouns declining like 'δάσος'",
"Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"el:Taxonomic ranks"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "domain",
"roman": "epikráteia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επικράτεια"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"roman": "vasíleio",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βασίλειο"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"roman": "synomotaxía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "συνομοταξία"
},
{
"english": "class",
"roman": "omotaxía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ομοταξία"
},
{
"english": "order",
"roman": "táxi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "τάξη"
},
{
"english": "family",
"roman": "oikogéneia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οικογένεια"
},
{
"english": "species",
"roman": "eídos",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "είδος"
},
{
"english": "subspecies",
"roman": "ypoeídos",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "υποείδος"
},
{
"english": "subfamily",
"roman": "ypooikogéneia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "υποοικογένεια"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γένος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γένος (génos)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek γένος (génos). Also see γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I am born”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "génos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nN-ος-η-2b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένους",
"roman": "génous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γενών",
"roman": "genón",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "γένος",
"roman": "génos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "γένη",
"roman": "géni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "γένη",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (plural γένη)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "γένη"
},
"expansion": "γένος • (génos) n (plural γένη)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"γέ‧νος"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "γένος",
"2": "γένη",
"3": "γένους",
"4": "γενών",
"5": "γένος",
"6": "γένη",
"7": "γένος",
"8": "γένη",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-genís",
"word": "-γενής"
},
{
"english": "generation",
"roman": "geneá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενεά"
},
{
"english": "genealogy",
"roman": "genealogía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενεαλογία"
},
{
"english": "birth, beginning",
"roman": "génesi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γένεση"
},
{
"roman": "genésthai",
"word": "γενέσθαι"
},
{
"roman": "genesiourgós",
"word": "γενεσιουργός"
},
{
"english": "genetic",
"roman": "genetikós",
"word": "γενετικός"
},
{
"english": "generation",
"roman": "geniá",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γενιά"
},
{
"english": "offspring",
"roman": "gónos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γόνος"
},
{
"english": "birth",
"roman": "génna",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γέννα"
},
{
"english": "I give birth",
"roman": "gennáo",
"word": "γεννάω"
},
{
"english": "birth",
"roman": "génnisi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γέννηση"
},
{
"english": "Ι become",
"roman": "gínomai",
"word": "γίνομαι"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"family"
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nation"
],
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"el:Biology",
"el:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"genus"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy, biology) genus"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"el:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"gender (masculine, feminine, etc)"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"masculine",
"masculine"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) gender (masculine, feminine, etc)"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"english": "Eleni Papadopoulou née Menegaki.",
"roman": "I Eléni Papadopoúlou, to génos Menegáki.",
"text": "Η Ελένη Παπαδοπούλου, το γένος Μενεγάκη.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"maiden name, née"
],
"links": [
[
"maiden name",
"maiden name"
],
[
"née",
"née"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʝenos/"
},
{
"audio": "Ell-Genos.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/Ell-Genos.ogg/Ell-Genos.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Ell-Genos.ogg"
}
],
"word": "γένος"
}
Download raw JSONL data for γένος meaning in All languages combined (25.7kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''race of beings'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"γένος"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "γένος",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''class'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"γένος"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "γένος",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''class, sort, kind'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"γένος"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "γένος",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.