See turmoil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"text": "Oleg Blokhin's side lost the talismanic Andriy Shevchenko to the substitutes' bench because of a knee injury but still showed enough to put England through real turmoil in spells.",
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"ref": "2024 January 14, Charles Hugh Smith, Self-Reliance, Taoism and the Warring States:",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "αναταραχή"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"roman": "ochlagogía",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "οχλαγωγία"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
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"roman": "sálos",
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"word": "σάλος"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "scompiglio"
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "騒動"
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "ចលាចល"
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "akaaka"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mi",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"word": "قارش"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"word": "هرج و مرج"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"roman": "âšub",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "آشوب"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"word": "haos"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "dezordine"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ro",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "incertitudine"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "смяте́ние"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
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"roman": "potrjasénije",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "потрясе́ние"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
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"word": "беспоря́док"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "xáos",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ха́ос"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"masculine"
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"word": "хао́с"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
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"roman": "smúta",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сму́та"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bardak",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бардак"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "desorden"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
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{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dificultad"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
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"word": "tumulto"
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"_dis1": "100 0",
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"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "sự náo động"
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"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii]:",
"text": "And there I'll rest, as after much turmoil, / A blessed soul doth in Elysium.",
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{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The turmoil went on—no rest, no peace. […] It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the little fair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.",
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"ref": "1642 April, John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC:",
"text": "some notable sophister lies sweating and turmoiling under the inevitable and merciless delimmas of Socrates",
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"text": "It is her fatal misfortune […] to be thus miserably tossed and turmoiled with these storms of affliction.",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-turmoil.ogg"
}
],
"word": "turmoil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tremouille",
"4": "",
"5": "the hopper of a mill"
},
"expansion": "Old French tremouille (“the hopper of a mill”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. First appears c. 1526. Perhaps from Old French tremouille (“the hopper of a mill”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turmoils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "turmoil (usually uncountable, plural turmoils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 June 19, Phil McNulty, “England 1-0 Ukraine”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "Oleg Blokhin's side lost the talismanic Andriy Shevchenko to the substitutes' bench because of a knee injury but still showed enough to put England through real turmoil in spells.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 January 14, Charles Hugh Smith, Self-Reliance, Taoism and the Warring States:",
"text": "The Taoists developed their philosophy during an extended era of turmoil known as the Warring States period of Chinese history.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A state of great disorder or uncertainty."
],
"links": [
[
"disorder",
"disorder"
],
[
"uncertainty",
"uncertainty"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii]:",
"text": "And there I'll rest, as after much turmoil, / A blessed soul doth in Elysium.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The turmoil went on—no rest, no peace. […] It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the little fair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Harassing labor; trouble; disturbance."
],
"links": [
[
"Harass",
"harass"
],
[
"labor",
"labor"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"disturbance",
"disturbance"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɜːmɔɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-turmoil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-turmoil.ogg/En-us-turmoil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-turmoil.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chaos"
},
{
"word": "disorder"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maʕmaʕa",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَعْمَعَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smut",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "смут"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bǎrkotija",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бъркотия"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.hrup-a.htwe:",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "အရှုပ်အထွေး"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sāoluàn",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "騷亂 /骚乱"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "myllerrys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "sekasorto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "kaaos"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "chaos"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "désordre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tourmente"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumulte"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "kaosi",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "ქაოსი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "špoti",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "შფოთი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aliakoti",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "ალიაქოთი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ɣelva",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "ღელვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Aufruhr"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tumult"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unruhe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unordnung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anatarachí",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αναταραχή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ochlagogía",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οχλαγωγία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sálos",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σάλος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anavrasmós",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αναβρασμός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tarachí",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ταραχή"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suaitheadh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "caos"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "disordine"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "scompiglio"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "騒動"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "混乱"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caʼlaacɑl",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "ចលាចល"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turba"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumultus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "akaaka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "hūkeri"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "karış",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "قارش"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "harj-o-marj",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "هرج و مرج"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âšub",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "آشوب"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desordem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumulto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "haos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "dezordine"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "incertitudine"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "tumult"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smjaténije",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "смяте́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasénije",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "потрясе́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "besporjádok",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "беспоря́док"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xáos",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ха́ос"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xaós",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хао́с"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smúta",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сму́та"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bardak",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бардак"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "desorden"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turbulencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dificultad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumulto"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "a state of great disorder or uncertainty",
"word": "sự náo động"
}
],
"word": "turmoil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tremouille",
"4": "",
"5": "the hopper of a mill"
},
"expansion": "Old French tremouille (“the hopper of a mill”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. First appears c. 1526. Perhaps from Old French tremouille (“the hopper of a mill”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "turmoils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "turmoiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "turmoiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "turmoiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "turmoil (third-person singular simple present turmoils, present participle turmoiling, simple past and past participle turmoiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1642 April, John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus; republished in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, […], Amsterdam [actually London: s.n.], 1698, →OCLC:",
"text": "some notable sophister lies sweating and turmoiling under the inevitable and merciless delimmas of Socrates",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be disquieted or confused; to be in commotion."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To be disquieted or confused; to be in commotion."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:",
"text": "It is her fatal misfortune […] to be thus miserably tossed and turmoiled with these storms of affliction.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To harass with commotion; to disquiet; to worry."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To harass with commotion; to disquiet; to worry."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɜːmɔɪl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-turmoil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-turmoil.ogg/En-us-turmoil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-turmoil.ogg"
}
],
"word": "turmoil"
}
Download raw JSONL data for turmoil meaning in English (15.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.