"specimen" meaning in English

See specimen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈspɛsɪmɪn/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-specimen.wav [Southern-England], LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-specimen.wav [US] Forms: specimens [plural], specimina [plural, rare]
Etymology: From Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), from speciō (“observe, watch”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*speḱ-}}, {{uder|en|la|specimen||mark, sign, example}} Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), {{m|la|speciō||observe, watch}} speciō (“observe, watch”) Head templates: {{en-noun|s|specimina|pl2qual=extremely rare}} specimen (plural specimens or (extremely rare) specimina)
  1. An individual instance that represents a class; an example.
    (numismatics) A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own
    Categories (topical): Money
    Sense id: en-specimen-en-noun-ji27-3f2 Disambiguation of Money: 41 21 8 6 24 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English undefined derivations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 43 24 22 8 2 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 39 23 21 13 4 Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, numismatics
  2. An individual instance that represents a class; an example.
    (philately) A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries
    Categories (topical): Philately
    Sense id: en-specimen-en-noun-A4MoQWMu Topics: hobbies, lifestyle, philately
  3. An individual instance that represents a class; an example.
    Sense id: en-specimen-en-noun-WF2LfuNc
  4. A sample, especially one used for diagnostic analysis. Translations (sample): nümunə (Azerbaijani), проба (proba) [feminine] (Bulgarian), 標本 (Chinese Mandarin), 标本 (biāoběn) (Chinese Mandarin), vzorek [masculine] (Czech), specimen [neuter] (Dutch), näyte (Finnish), näytepala (Finnish), exemple [masculine] (French), Spezimen [neuter] (German), Probe [feminine] (German), δείγμα (deígma) [neuter] (Greek), minta (Hungarian), spesimen (Indonesian), campione [masculine] (Italian), 標本 (hyōhon) (alt: ひょうほん) (Japanese), 표본 (pyobon) (Korean), pota (Maori), Proow [feminine] (Plautdietsch), próbka [feminine] (Polish), exemplar [feminine] (Portuguese), amostra [feminine] (Portuguese), препара́т (preparát) [masculine] (Russian), про́ба (próba) [feminine] (Russian), sampall [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), ejemplar [masculine] (Spanish), specimen [common-gender] (Swedish), mẫu vật (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-specimen-en-noun-mz92w6WW Disambiguation of 'sample': 19 19 18 41 2
  5. (humorous, often preceded with “fine”) An eligible man. Tags: humorous Translations (jocular: an eligible man): esemplare (Italian), экземпля́р (ekzempljár) (Russian)
    Sense id: en-specimen-en-noun-zf14v5fK Disambiguation of 'jocular: an eligible man': 8 5 4 1 83
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: sample, individual Derived forms: specimen signature, type specimen Related terms: species Translations (example): օրինակ (ōrinak) (Armenian), նմուշ (nmuš) (Armenian), nümunə (Azerbaijani), образец (obrazec) [masculine] (Bulgarian), espècimen [masculine] (Catalan), 樣本 (Chinese Mandarin), 样本 (yàngběn) (Chinese Mandarin), ukázka [feminine] (Czech), exemplář [masculine] (Czech), eksemplar [neuter] (Danish), voorbeeld [neuter] (Dutch), esimerkki (Finnish), spécimen [masculine] (French), exemple [masculine] (French), Exemplar [neuter] (German), Muster [neuter] (German), δείγμα (deígma) [neuter] (Greek), példány (Hungarian), 見本 (mihon) (alt: みほん) (Japanese), 표본 (pyobon) (Korean), specimen [neuter] (Latin), przykład [masculine] (Polish), okaz [masculine] (Polish), osobnik (note: used for animals) [masculine] (Polish), espécime [masculine] (Portuguese), exemplar [masculine] (Portuguese), specimen (Romanian), exemplar (Romanian), образе́ц (obrazéc) [masculine] (Russian), экземпля́р (ekzɛmpljár) [masculine] (Russian), sampall [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), espécimen [masculine] (Spanish), exemplar [neuter] (Swedish)
Disambiguation of 'example': 30 30 30 8 1

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for specimen meaning in English (12.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "specimen signature"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "type specimen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*speḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "specimen",
        "4": "",
        "5": "mark, sign, example"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "speciō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "observe, watch"
      },
      "expansion": "speciō (“observe, watch”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), from speciō (“observe, watch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "specimens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "specimina",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "specimina",
        "pl2qual": "extremely rare"
      },
      "expansion": "specimen (plural specimens or (extremely rare) specimina)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "spe‧ci‧men"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "species"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 24 22 8 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 23 21 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 21 8 6 24",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Money",
          "orig": "en:Money",
          "parents": [
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own"
      ],
      "id": "en-specimen-en-noun-ji27-3f2",
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "numismatics",
          "numismatics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "(numismatics) A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "numismatics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Philately",
          "orig": "en:Philately",
          "parents": [
            "Hobbies",
            "Recreation",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries"
      ],
      "id": "en-specimen-en-noun-A4MoQWMu",
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "philately",
          "philately"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "(philately) A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "philately"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "early specimens of the art of Picasso",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, Bill Neal, Getting Away with Murder on the Texas Frontier",
          "text": "To assure a defendant's acquittal, a lawyer usually needed only to convince the jury that the victim was a pretty sorry specimen of a human being.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example."
      ],
      "id": "en-specimen-en-noun-WF2LfuNc",
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A sample, especially one used for diagnostic analysis."
      ],
      "id": "en-specimen-en-noun-mz92w6WW",
      "links": [
        [
          "sample",
          "sample"
        ],
        [
          "diagnostic",
          "diagnostic"
        ],
        [
          "analysis",
          "analysis"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "nümunə"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "proba",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "проба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "標本"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "biāoběn",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "标本"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vzorek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "specimen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "näyte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "näytepala"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "exemple"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Spezimen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Probe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "deígma",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "δείγμα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "minta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "spesimen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "campione"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "alt": "ひょうほん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hyōhon",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "標本"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "pyobon",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "표본"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "pota"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Proow"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "próbka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "exemplar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "amostra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "preparát",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "препара́т"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "próba",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "про́ба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sampall"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ejemplar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "sample",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "specimen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 19 18 41 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "sample",
          "word": "mẫu vật"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "An eligible man."
      ],
      "id": "en-specimen-en-noun-zf14v5fK",
      "links": [
        [
          "humorous",
          "humorous"
        ],
        [
          "eligible",
          "eligible"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "often preceded with “fine”",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(humorous, often preceded with “fine”) An eligible man."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "humorous"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 5 4 1 83",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "jocular: an eligible man",
          "word": "esemplare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 5 4 1 83",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ekzempljár",
          "sense": "jocular: an eligible man",
          "word": "экземпля́р"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspɛsɪmɪn/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-specimen.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-specimen.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sample"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "individual"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ōrinak",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "օրինակ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "nmuš",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "նմուշ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "nümunə"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "obrazec",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "образец"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espècimen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "樣本"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yàngběn",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "样本"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ukázka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemplář"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "eksemplar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "voorbeeld"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "esimerkki"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spécimen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemple"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Exemplar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Muster"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "deígma",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "δείγμα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "példány"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "alt": "みほん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mihon",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "見本"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pyobon",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "표본"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "przykład"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "okaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "note": "used for animals",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "osobnik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espécime"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obrazéc",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "образе́ц"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ekzɛmpljár",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "экземпля́р"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sampall"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espécimen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "30 30 30 8 1",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "exemplar"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "specimen"
  ],
  "word": "specimen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "en:Money"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "specimen signature"
    },
    {
      "word": "type specimen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*speḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "specimen",
        "4": "",
        "5": "mark, sign, example"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "speciō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "observe, watch"
      },
      "expansion": "speciō (“observe, watch”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), from speciō (“observe, watch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "specimens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "specimina",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "specimina",
        "pl2qual": "extremely rare"
      },
      "expansion": "specimen (plural specimens or (extremely rare) specimina)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "spe‧ci‧men"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "species"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "numismatics",
          "numismatics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "(numismatics) A banknote printed for distribution to central banks to aid in the recognition of banknotes from a country other than their own"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "numismatics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Philately"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "philately",
          "philately"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example.",
        "(philately) A postage stamp sent to postmasters and postal administrations so that they are able to identify valid stamps and to avoid forgeries"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "philately"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "early specimens of the art of Picasso",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, Bill Neal, Getting Away with Murder on the Texas Frontier",
          "text": "To assure a defendant's acquittal, a lawyer usually needed only to convince the jury that the victim was a pretty sorry specimen of a human being.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An individual instance that represents a class; an example."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "class",
          "class"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A sample, especially one used for diagnostic analysis."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sample",
          "sample"
        ],
        [
          "diagnostic",
          "diagnostic"
        ],
        [
          "analysis",
          "analysis"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English humorous terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An eligible man."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "humorous",
          "humorous"
        ],
        [
          "eligible",
          "eligible"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "often preceded with “fine”",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(humorous, often preceded with “fine”) An eligible man."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "humorous"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈspɛsɪmɪn/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-specimen.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-specimen.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-specimen.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-specimen.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sample"
    },
    {
      "word": "individual"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ōrinak",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "օրինակ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "nmuš",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "նմուշ"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "nümunə"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "obrazec",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "образец"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espècimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "樣本"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yàngběn",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "样本"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ukázka"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemplář"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "eksemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "voorbeeld"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "esimerkki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spécimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemple"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Exemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Muster"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "deígma",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "δείγμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "példány"
    },
    {
      "alt": "みほん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mihon",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "見本"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pyobon",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "표본"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "przykład"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "okaz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "note": "used for animals",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "osobnik"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espécime"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "example",
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obrazéc",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "образе́ц"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ekzɛmpljár",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "экземпля́р"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sampall"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "espécimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "example",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "nümunə"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "proba",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "проба"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "標本"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "biāoběn",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "标本"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vzorek"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "näyte"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "näytepala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exemple"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Spezimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Probe"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "deígma",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "δείγμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "minta"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "spesimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "campione"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひょうほん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hyōhon",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "標本"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "pyobon",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "표본"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "pota"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Proow"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "próbka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "exemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amostra"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "preparát",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "препара́т"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "próba",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "про́ба"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sampall"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ejemplar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "sample",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "specimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "sample",
      "word": "mẫu vật"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "jocular: an eligible man",
      "word": "esemplare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ekzempljár",
      "sense": "jocular: an eligible man",
      "word": "экземпля́р"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "specimen"
  ],
  "word": "specimen"
}
{
  "called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
  "msg": "''An individual instance that re'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
  "path": [
    "specimen"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "specimen",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.