See specimen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*speḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_see"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*spéḱyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spéḱyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_be_looking_at"
],
[
"*spekjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/spekjō#Proto-Italic:_observe"
],
[
"speciō",
"specio#Latin"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-mn̥"
],
[
"-men",
"-men#Latin"
],
[
"specimen",
"specimen#Latin"
],
[
"spécimen",
"spécimen#French"
],
[
"spécimen",
"spécimen#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:spécimen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"observe, watch\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"observe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be looking at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"see\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*spéḱyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*spekjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"speciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-men\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"specimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"spécimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"specimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"specimen\">\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:spécimen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "specimene",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "specimen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "specimene"
},
"expansion": "specimen n (plural specimene)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "specimenelor",
"gpi": "specimene",
"gsd": "specimenului",
"gsi": "specimen",
"n": "",
"npd": "specimenele",
"npi": "specimene",
"nsd": "specimenul",
"nsi": "specimen",
"vp": "specimenelor",
"vs": "specimenule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"specimen"
],
"id": "en-specimen-ro-noun-PGqCedYo",
"links": [
[
"specimen",
"specimen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "specimen"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*speḱ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_see"
],
[
"*-yeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeti#Proto-Indo-European:_forming_verbs"
],
[
"*spéḱyeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spéḱyeti#Proto-Indo-European:_be_looking_at"
],
[
"*spekjō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/spekjō#Proto-Italic:_observe"
],
[
"speciō",
"specio#Latin"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-mn̥",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-mn̥"
],
[
"-men",
"-men#Latin"
],
[
"specimen",
"specimen#Latin"
],
[
"spécimen",
"spécimen#French"
],
[
"spécimen",
"spécimen#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:spécimen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"observe, watch\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"observe\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be looking at\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"see\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*speḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"forming verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*spéḱyeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*spekjō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"speciō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-mn̥\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-men\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"specimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"spécimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"specimen\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"specimen\">\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:spécimen",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *speḱ-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti\nProto-Italic *spekjō\nLatin speciō\nProto-Indo-European *-mn̥\nProto-Italic *-mn̥\nLatin -men\nLatin specimenlbor.\nFrench spécimenbor.\nRomanian specimen\nBorrowed from French spécimen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "specimene",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "specimen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "specimene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "specimenelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "specimene"
},
"expansion": "specimen n (plural specimene)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gpd": "specimenelor",
"gpi": "specimene",
"gsd": "specimenului",
"gsi": "specimen",
"n": "",
"npd": "specimenele",
"npi": "specimene",
"nsd": "specimenul",
"nsi": "specimen",
"vp": "specimenelor",
"vs": "specimenule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-"
],
"glosses": [
"specimen"
],
"links": [
[
"specimen",
"specimen#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "specimen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for specimen meaning in Romanian (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.