See rune in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bind rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "moonrune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "moon rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune bag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune book"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runecarver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runecast"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runecaster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runecasting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune cloth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runecraft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runeless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runelike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runelore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runemaster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune poem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune-rister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune-risting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runesmith"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runesong"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rune spread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runestaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runestave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runester"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runestone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runework"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runically"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runiform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runographer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runographic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runography"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runologist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "runology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twig rune"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "盧恩",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mandarin: 盧恩 /卢恩 (lú'ēn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mandarin: 盧恩 /卢恩 (lú'ēn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rún"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rún",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūnō",
"4": "",
"5": "letter, literature, secret"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*rūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *rūnā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rune"
},
"expansion": "German Rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Danish rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "runa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish runa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse rún, which is from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”), which is borrowed either from Proto-Celtic *rūnā or from the same source as it; compare Dutch rune, German Rune, Raune, Danish rune and Swedish runa. Compare roun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "runes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rune (plural runes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Richard Hamer, editor, A Choice of Anglo-Saxon Verse, Croydon: Faber & Faber, →ISBN, page 76:",
"text": "Runes were the letters of an ancient Germanic alphabet, ultimately derived from the Mediterranean alphabets, which was used for carving on wood or stone and which to some extent survived the introduction of writing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 32:",
"text": "\"Finding you somewhere to live isn't going to be easy,\" he said. \"We must cast the runes,\" said Catweazle. \"They will tell us.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, or character, used in the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun-MI4JlQPq",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanic"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"Scandinavians",
"Scandinavians"
],
[
"Anglo-Saxons",
"Anglo-Saxons"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "run"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руна"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lú'ēn",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "盧恩 /卢恩"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "riimu"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "riimukirjain"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Runenbuchstabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Runenzeichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "roúnos",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρούνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rúna"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúnscríbhinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rūn-moji",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "ルーン文字"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "руна"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руна"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "roon"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "runestav"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "runetegn"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "runestav"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "runeteikn"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "gmq-pro",
"lang": "Proto-Norse",
"roman": "runo",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ᚱᚢᚾᛟ"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rúna",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "อักษรรูน"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rün"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "run"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "runa"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "raunatonat"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rŵn"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 0 29 0 0 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llythyren rwnig"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A Finnic or Scandinavian epic poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun-6RIR4ZQK",
"links": [
[
"Finnic",
"Finnic"
],
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
],
[
"epic",
"epic"
],
[
"poem",
"poem"
],
[
"division",
"division"
],
[
"Kalevala",
"Kalevala"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 67 1 6 4 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "runo"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 67 1 6 4 7",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "runo"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 67 1 6 4 7",
"code": "ja",
"english": "poem",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hokuō-koshi",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "北欧古詩"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 67 1 6 4 7",
"code": "ja",
"english": "myth",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hokuō-shinwa",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "北欧神話"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 67 1 6 4 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Jeph Jacques, Questionable Content (webcomic), Number 3242: The Dunkelest Brau:",
"text": "\"Are the, um, eldritch runes supposed to glow like that?\" \"Dunno. I asked the distributor about 'em and he started shaking really fast like in a Tool video.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter or mark used as a mystical or magic symbol."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun-Sd9E26lJ",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"mystical",
"mystical"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 3 62 19 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "magičeski znak",
"sense": "mystical letter or mark",
"word": "магически знак"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 62 19 4 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mystical letter or mark",
"word": "mystinen merkki"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Louis Wain, \"Owls\" (in Illustrated London News summer number 1895, page 28)",
"text": "Where the daylight peeps thro' like the glint of the Moon, / And the branches are rustling a murmurous rune, / The Owls sit in council like prophets of Fate, / Discussing grave questions of Kingdom and State."
},
{
"ref": "1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the \"Stranger People's\" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 15:",
"text": "the fiddle sang and sang as ceaselessly as the chanting cicada without, and the frogs intoning their sylvan runes by the waterside.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verse or song, especially one with mystical or mysterious overtones; a spell or an incantation."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun-EQYOrkca",
"links": [
[
"verse",
"verse"
],
[
"song",
"song"
],
[
"mystical",
"mystical"
],
[
"mysterious",
"mysterious"
],
[
"overtone",
"overtone"
],
[
"spell",
"spell"
],
[
"incantation",
"incantation"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 10 13 58 8 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mystical verse or song",
"word": "loitsu"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "secret or mystery",
"word": "roun"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of roun (“secret or mystery”)."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun--vDZtNAU",
"links": [
[
"roun",
"roun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of roun (“secret or mystery”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 6 9 79 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "secret or mystery",
"word": "salaisuus"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 5 1 3 7 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 2 2 3 5 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 4 1 0 1 1 11 14 10 12 14 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 5 1 0 1 1 15 13 10 12 13 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 14 3 6 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 2 6 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 3 6 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 3 6 9 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 11 2 4 6 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 4 5 9 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 17 2 6 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 15 2 6 9 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 2 3 5 9 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 4 3 4 7 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 7 3 4 7 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 16 2 5 8 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 17 3 6 9 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 6 3 4 7 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 16 3 6 9 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 3 4 8 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 3 4 8 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 16 2 6 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 3 4 8 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 3 6 10 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 11 3 6 8 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 3 6 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 3 6 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 10 1 3 6 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 12 3 6 9 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 11 5 5 9 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Norse translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 16 3 7 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 16 2 5 11 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 1 2 4 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Proto-Norse translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 3 4 8 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 2 3 4 7 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 17 2 6 9 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 2 8 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 17 2 6 9 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 16 2 6 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 3 4 8 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 3 4 5 9 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 1 9 11 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Writing systems",
"orig": "en:Writing systems",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Shiju Varghese, Go Recipes, Apress, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "Go language defines the type rune as an alias for the type int32 to represent a Unicode code point. A string in Go is a sequence of runes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Unicode code point."
],
"id": "en-rune-en-noun-1t3nVAOW",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"Go",
"Go"
],
[
"programming language",
"programming language"
],
[
"Unicode",
"Unicode"
],
[
"code point",
"code point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming, in the Go programming language) A Unicode code point."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the Go programming language"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ro͞on"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹuːn/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-us-rune.ogg/En-us-rune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-us-rune.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anglo-Saxon runes",
"runes"
],
"word": "rune"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːn",
"Rhymes:English/uːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Proto-Norse translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Writing systems"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bind rune"
},
{
"word": "moonrune"
},
{
"word": "moon rune"
},
{
"word": "rune bag"
},
{
"word": "rune book"
},
{
"word": "runecarver"
},
{
"word": "runecast"
},
{
"word": "runecaster"
},
{
"word": "runecasting"
},
{
"word": "rune cloth"
},
{
"word": "runecraft"
},
{
"word": "runed"
},
{
"word": "runeless"
},
{
"word": "runelike"
},
{
"word": "runelore"
},
{
"word": "runemaster"
},
{
"word": "rune poem"
},
{
"word": "rune-rister"
},
{
"word": "rune-risting"
},
{
"word": "runesmith"
},
{
"word": "runesong"
},
{
"word": "rune spread"
},
{
"word": "runestaff"
},
{
"word": "runestave"
},
{
"word": "runester"
},
{
"word": "runestone"
},
{
"word": "runework"
},
{
"word": "runic"
},
{
"word": "runically"
},
{
"word": "runiform"
},
{
"word": "runographer"
},
{
"word": "runographic"
},
{
"word": "runography"
},
{
"word": "runologist"
},
{
"word": "runology"
},
{
"word": "twig rune"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "盧恩",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mandarin: 盧恩 /卢恩 (lú'ēn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mandarin: 盧恩 /卢恩 (lú'ēn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rún"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rún",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūnō",
"4": "",
"5": "letter, literature, secret"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*rūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *rūnā",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rune"
},
"expansion": "German Rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Danish rune",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "runa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish runa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse rún, which is from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”), which is borrowed either from Proto-Celtic *rūnā or from the same source as it; compare Dutch rune, German Rune, Raune, Danish rune and Swedish runa. Compare roun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "runes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rune (plural runes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Richard Hamer, editor, A Choice of Anglo-Saxon Verse, Croydon: Faber & Faber, →ISBN, page 76:",
"text": "Runes were the letters of an ancient Germanic alphabet, ultimately derived from the Mediterranean alphabets, which was used for carving on wood or stone and which to some extent survived the introduction of writing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 32:",
"text": "\"Finding you somewhere to live isn't going to be easy,\" he said. \"We must cast the runes,\" said Catweazle. \"They will tell us.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter, or character, used in the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"Germanic",
"Germanic"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"Scandinavians",
"Scandinavians"
],
[
"Anglo-Saxons",
"Anglo-Saxons"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A Finnic or Scandinavian epic poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala."
],
"links": [
[
"Finnic",
"Finnic"
],
[
"Scandinavian",
"Scandinavian"
],
[
"epic",
"epic"
],
[
"poem",
"poem"
],
[
"division",
"division"
],
[
"Kalevala",
"Kalevala"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Jeph Jacques, Questionable Content (webcomic), Number 3242: The Dunkelest Brau:",
"text": "\"Are the, um, eldritch runes supposed to glow like that?\" \"Dunno. I asked the distributor about 'em and he started shaking really fast like in a Tool video.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A letter or mark used as a mystical or magic symbol."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"mystical",
"mystical"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"symbol",
"symbol"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Louis Wain, \"Owls\" (in Illustrated London News summer number 1895, page 28)",
"text": "Where the daylight peeps thro' like the glint of the Moon, / And the branches are rustling a murmurous rune, / The Owls sit in council like prophets of Fate, / Discussing grave questions of Kingdom and State."
},
{
"ref": "1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the \"Stranger People's\" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 15:",
"text": "the fiddle sang and sang as ceaselessly as the chanting cicada without, and the frogs intoning their sylvan runes by the waterside.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verse or song, especially one with mystical or mysterious overtones; a spell or an incantation."
],
"links": [
[
"verse",
"verse"
],
[
"song",
"song"
],
[
"mystical",
"mystical"
],
[
"mysterious",
"mysterious"
],
[
"overtone",
"overtone"
],
[
"spell",
"spell"
],
[
"incantation",
"incantation"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "secret or mystery",
"word": "roun"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of roun (“secret or mystery”)."
],
"links": [
[
"roun",
"roun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of roun (“secret or mystery”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Programming"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Shiju Varghese, Go Recipes, Apress, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "Go language defines the type rune as an alias for the type int32 to represent a Unicode code point. A string in Go is a sequence of runes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Unicode code point."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"Go",
"Go"
],
[
"programming language",
"programming language"
],
[
"Unicode",
"Unicode"
],
[
"code point",
"code point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming, in the Go programming language) A Unicode code point."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in the Go programming language"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ro͞on"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹuːn/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-rune.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-us-rune.ogg/En-us-rune.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-us-rune.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːn"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "run"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руна"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lú'ēn",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "盧恩 /卢恩"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "riimu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "riimukirjain"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rune"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Runenbuchstabe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Runenzeichen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "roúnos",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ρούνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rúna"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rúnscríbhinn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rūn-moji",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "ルーン文字"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "руна"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "runa",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руна"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "roon"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "runestav"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "runetegn"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "runestav"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "runeteikn"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rún"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "gmq-pro",
"lang": "Proto-Norse",
"roman": "runo",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ᚱᚢᚾᛟ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rúna",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́на"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "อักษรรูน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "rün"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "run"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "runa"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "letter or character",
"word": "raunatonat"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rŵn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "letter or character",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llythyren rwnig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "runo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "runo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "poem",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hokuō-koshi",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "北欧古詩"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "myth",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hokuō-shinwa",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"word": "北欧神話"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Finnish or Scandinavian poem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rune"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "magičeski znak",
"sense": "mystical letter or mark",
"word": "магически знак"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mystical letter or mark",
"word": "mystinen merkki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mystical verse or song",
"word": "loitsu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "secret or mystery",
"word": "salaisuus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anglo-Saxon runes",
"runes"
],
"word": "rune"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rune meaning in English (13.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.