See rostrum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for rostrum meaning in English (22.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostrally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostrate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winners' rostrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rōstrum",
"t": "beak, snout"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rostra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rostrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rostra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "rostrum (plural rostra or rostrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ros‧trum"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 23 16 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 27, in Babbitt",
"text": "He saw a crowd listening to a man who was talking from the rostrum of a kitchen-chair.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dais, pulpit, or similar platform for a speaker, conductor, or other performer."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-X~d1xEMt",
"links": [
[
"dais",
"dais"
],
[
"pulpit",
"pulpit"
],
[
"speaker",
"speaker"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dais"
},
{
"word": "pulpit"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "katedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "катедра"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tribuna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибуна"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupínek"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pódium"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kazatelna"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "řečniště"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "koroke"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"english": "dais",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kateederi"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"english": "pulpit",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "puhujapönttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bêma",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βῆμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "emelvény"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "dobogó"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szószék"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "pulpitus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szónoki emelvény"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostram"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpito"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"alt": "じょうだん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōdan",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "上段"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mównica"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpit"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tribúna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибу́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "káfedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ка́федра"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrd-ùrlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "púlpito"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "jukwaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "talarstol"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "orponk"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 5 2 4 2 2 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kürsü"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A platform for a film or television camera."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-OY0s9UfW",
"links": [
[
"platform",
"platform"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "platforma",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "платформа"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The projecting prow of a rowed warship, such as a trireme."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-lZ1DR4aj",
"links": [
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"trireme",
"trireme"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "keulajuhmuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rammsporn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 68 19 4 4 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skeppsnäbb"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 3 24 29 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 2 25 19 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 8 22 17 20 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 6 26 16 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 27 16 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 6 24 17 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 23 16 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 5 24 16 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 26 16 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 25 17 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beak."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-JaJOPddf",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 3 24 29 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 2 25 19 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 8 22 17 20 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 6 26 16 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 27 16 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 6 24 17 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 23 16 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 5 24 16 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 26 16 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 25 17 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun--keDdqxw",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"weevil",
"weevil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "kärsä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "szipóka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 67 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spröt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 3 24 29 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 2 25 19 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 8 22 17 20 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 6 26 16 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 27 16 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 6 24 17 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 23 16 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 5 24 16 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 26 16 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 25 17 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The snout of a dolphin."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-2XzQytp8",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dolphin",
"dolphin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The snout of a dolphin."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 0 2 17 9 61 8",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 2 17 9 61 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "nokka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 2 17 9 61 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "kuono"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 0 2 17 9 61 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 3 24 29 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 2 25 19 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 6 21 14 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 8 22 17 20 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 21 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 21 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 21 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 21 14 18 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 6 26 16 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 21 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 27 16 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 6 24 17 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 5 23 16 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 5 24 16 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 22 14 20 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 6 21 15 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 26 17 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 21 14 17 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 26 16 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 25 17 19 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 5 22 15 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 2 24 14 19 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 5 22 15 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-nfsm4AfD",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rostral",
"rostral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɔs-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation) -ɒstɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -ɑstɹəm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rostrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg/En-us-rostrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"National Museum of Singapore",
"Prime Minister of Singapore"
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-trom",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁d-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
"Rhymes:English/ɑstɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɑstɹəm/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɒstɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɒstɹəm/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"la:Animal body parts",
"la:Ship parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rostral"
},
{
"word": "rostrally"
},
{
"word": "rostrate"
},
{
"word": "winners' rostrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rōstrum",
"t": "beak, snout"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rostra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rostrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rostra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "rostrum (plural rostra or rostrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ros‧trum"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 27, in Babbitt",
"text": "He saw a crowd listening to a man who was talking from the rostrum of a kitchen-chair.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dais, pulpit, or similar platform for a speaker, conductor, or other performer."
],
"links": [
[
"dais",
"dais"
],
[
"pulpit",
"pulpit"
],
[
"speaker",
"speaker"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dais"
},
{
"word": "pulpit"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A platform for a film or television camera."
],
"links": [
[
"platform",
"platform"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The projecting prow of a rowed warship, such as a trireme."
],
"links": [
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"trireme",
"trireme"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The beak."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"weevil",
"weevil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The snout of a dolphin."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dolphin",
"dolphin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The snout of a dolphin."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rostral",
"rostral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɔs-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation) -ɒstɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -ɑstɹəm"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rostrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg/En-us-rostrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "katedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "катедра"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tribuna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибуна"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupínek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pódium"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kazatelna"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "řečniště"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "koroke"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "dais",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kateederi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "pulpit",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "puhujapönttö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chaire"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bêma",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βῆμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "emelvény"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "dobogó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szószék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "pulpitus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szónoki emelvény"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostram"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpito"
},
{
"alt": "じょうだん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōdan",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "上段"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mównica"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tribúna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибу́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "káfedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ка́федра"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrd-ùrlar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "púlpito"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "jukwaa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "talarstol"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "orponk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kürsü"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "platforma",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "платформа"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "keulajuhmuri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rammsporn"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skeppsnäbb"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostrum"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "kärsä"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "szipóka"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spröt"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "nokka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "kuono"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lee Kuan Yew",
"National Museum of Singapore",
"Prime Minister of Singapore"
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.