See rostrum on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostrally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rostrate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winners' rostrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rōstrum",
"t": "beak, snout"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rostra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rostrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rostra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "rostrum (plural rostra or rostrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ros‧trum"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 27, in Babbitt:",
"text": "He saw a crowd listening to a man who was talking from the rostrum of a kitchen-chair.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dais, pulpit, or similar platform for a speaker, conductor, or other performer."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-X~d1xEMt",
"links": [
[
"dais",
"dais"
],
[
"pulpit",
"pulpit"
],
[
"speaker",
"speaker"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dais"
},
{
"word": "pulpit"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "katedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "катедра"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tribuna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибуна"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupínek"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pódium"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kazatelna"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "řečniště"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "podio"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "koroke"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"english": "dais",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kateederi"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"english": "pulpit",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "puhujapönttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bêma",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βῆμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "emelvény"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "dobogó"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szószék"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "pulpitus"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szónoki emelvény"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostram"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpito"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"alt": "じょうだん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōdan",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "上段"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mównica"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpit"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tribúna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибу́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "káfedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ка́федра"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrd-ùrlar"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "púlpito"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "jukwaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "talarstol"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "orponk"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 5 2 4 2 1 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kürsü"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A platform for a film or television camera."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-OY0s9UfW",
"links": [
[
"platform",
"platform"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "platforma",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "платформа"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 94 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The projecting prow of a rowed warship, such as a trireme."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-lZ1DR4aj",
"links": [
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"trireme",
"trireme"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "keulajuhmuri"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rammsporn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 69 19 4 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skeppsnäbb"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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],
"glosses": [
"The beak."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-JaJOPddf",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
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{
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"langcode": "en",
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"Fundamental"
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun--keDdqxw",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"weevil",
"weevil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "kärsä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "szipóka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 2 20 66 5 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spröt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 3 23 28 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 2 4 24 18 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 20 16 16 20 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 22 21 18 17 3 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 3 6 21 16 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 4 24 14 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 4 24 14 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 25 15 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 1 4 21 14 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 2 24 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 4 23 14 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 3 23 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The snout of a dolphin."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-2XzQytp8",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dolphin",
"dolphin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The snout of a dolphin."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 1 20 10 56 11",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 1 20 10 56 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "nokka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 1 20 10 56 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "kuono"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 0 1 20 10 56 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 3 23 28 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 2 4 24 18 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 20 16 16 20 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 2 22 21 18 17 3 3 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 2 4 20 13 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 3 6 21 16 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 4 21 14 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 4 24 14 16 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 4 21 14 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 4 20 13 17 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 4 24 14 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 4 21 14 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 25 15 17 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 4 23 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 1 4 21 14 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 2 24 15 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 4 23 14 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 1 4 20 13 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 1 3 19 13 16 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 4 20 13 16 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 3 24 15 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 2 3 23 15 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 4 21 14 17 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 1 21 13 16 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 4 21 14 17 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"id": "en-rostrum-en-noun-nfsm4AfD",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rostral",
"rostral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɔs-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rostrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg/En-us-rostrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation) -ɒstɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -ɑstɹəm"
}
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dēclīvirōstris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rōstrātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "arostu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: arostu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: arostu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "rostre"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: rostre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: rostre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rostrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: rostrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: rostrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rostre"
},
"expansion": "French: rostre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rostre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "rostri"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: rostri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: rostri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Galician: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "rostro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Italian: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rostro",
"3": "rosto"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: rostro, rosto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: rostro, rosto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rost"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: rost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: rost"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ростр",
"3": "ростра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: ростр (rostr), ростра (rostra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: ростр (rostr), ростра (rostra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: rostro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rōdō",
"3": "trum",
"alt1": "rōd(ō)",
"gloss1": "to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "rōd(ō) (“to gnaw”) + -trum",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rāstrum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rāstrum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From rōd(ō) (“to gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. Originally a bird's beak or animal's snout, but later extended to objects with a similar shape. Doublet of rāstrum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rōstrum<2>"
},
"expansion": "rōstrum n (genitive rōstrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rōstrum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The ibis is a bird of the river Nile, which cleans itself by pouring water into its anus with its beak. It devours the eggs of snakes, carrying from them to its nests the most welcome food.",
"ref": "c. 600 CE – 625 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae 12.7.33",
"text": "Ībis avis Nīlī flūminis, quae sēmetipsam purgat, rōstrō in ānum aquam fundēns. Haec serpentium ōva vēscitur, grātissimam ex eīs ēscam nīdīs suīs dēportāns."
}
],
"glosses": [
"bill or beak of a bird"
],
"id": "en-rostrum-la-noun-8w0uxxU4",
"links": [
[
"bill",
"bill"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beccus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 63 4 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Animal body parts",
"orig": "la:Animal body parts",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Animals",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Nature",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whether I shall be consumed by the long years, which I do not want,\nwhether I shall be set free by a death caused by a hand,\nwhether I shall be thrown shipwrecked about the immense waves\nand a fish from far away lands my guts will eat,\nwhether wandering birds my limbs should rip,\nwhether wolves will stain their snouts with my blood,\nwhether someone will be dignified to lay on the ground\nand give to a plebeian pyre my useless body,\nwhatever I shall be, I shall strive to break from the banks of the Styx\nand I'll hold my icy hands in your face as an avenger.",
"ref": "9 CE, Ovid, The Ibis 143–152",
"roman": "et tendam gelidās ultor in ōra manūs.",
"text": "Sīve ego, quod nōlim, longīs cōnsūmptus ab annīs,\nsīve manū factā morte solūtus erō,\nsīve per inmēnsās iactābor naufragus undās,\nnostraque longinquus viscera piscis edet,\nsīve peregrīnae carpent mea membra volucrēs,\nsīve meō tinguent sanguine rōstra lupī,\nsīve aliquis dignātus erit suppōnere terrae\net dare plēbēiō corpus ināne rogō,\nquicquid erō, Stygiīs ērumpere nītar ab ōrīs,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"snout or muzzle of an animal"
],
"id": "en-rostrum-la-noun-3g5cy37t",
"links": [
[
"snout",
"snout"
],
[
"muzzle",
"muzzle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "la:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 85 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "la:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prow of a ship"
],
"id": "en-rostrum-la-noun-5wHGksf1",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) prow of a ship"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 26 11 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 25 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 20 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stage or platform for speaking in the forum"
],
"id": "en-rostrum-la-noun-VHBuV3Vm",
"links": [
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"platform",
"platform"
],
[
"speaking",
"speaking"
],
[
"forum",
"forum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) a stage or platform for speaking in the forum"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːs.trum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈroːs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈros.trum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔst̪rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-trom",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁d-",
"English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑstɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɑstɹəm/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɒstɹəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɒstɹəm/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"la:Animal body parts",
"la:Ship parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rostral"
},
{
"word": "rostrally"
},
{
"word": "rostrate"
},
{
"word": "winners' rostrum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"4": "*-trom"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rōstrum",
"t": "beak, snout"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rōstrum (“beak, snout”), from rōd(ō) (“gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. The pulpit sense is a back-formation from the name of the Roman Rōstra, the platforms in the Forum where politicians made speeches. The Rōstra were decorated with (and named for) the beaks (prows) of ships from naval victories.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rostra",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rostrums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rostra",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "rostrum (plural rostra or rostrums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ros‧trum"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 27, in Babbitt:",
"text": "He saw a crowd listening to a man who was talking from the rostrum of a kitchen-chair.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A dais, pulpit, or similar platform for a speaker, conductor, or other performer."
],
"links": [
[
"dais",
"dais"
],
[
"pulpit",
"pulpit"
],
[
"speaker",
"speaker"
],
[
"conductor",
"conductor"
],
[
"performer",
"performer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dais"
},
{
"word": "pulpit"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A platform for a film or television camera."
],
"links": [
[
"platform",
"platform"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The projecting prow of a rowed warship, such as a trireme."
],
"links": [
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"trireme",
"trireme"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The beak."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"weevil",
"weevil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The beak-shaped projection on the head of insects such as weevils."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The snout of a dolphin."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dolphin",
"dolphin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The snout of a dolphin."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"rostral",
"rostral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The oral or nasal region of a human used for anatomical location (i.e. rostral)."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɒstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɑstɹəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹɔs-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-rostrum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg/En-us-rostrum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-rostrum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Received Pronunciation) -ɒstɹəm"
},
{
"rhymes": "(General American) -ɑstɹəm"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "katedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "катедра"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tribuna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибуна"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupínek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pódium"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kazatelna"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "řečniště"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "podio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "koroke"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "dais",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kateederi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "pulpit",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "puhujapönttö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "chaire"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "bêma",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βῆμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "emelvény"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "dobogó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szószék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "pulpitus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "szónoki emelvény"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostram"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpito"
},
{
"alt": "じょうだん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōdan",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "上段"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mównica"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pulpit"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tribúna",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "трибу́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "káfedra",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ка́федра"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àrd-ùrlar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "púlpito"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "jukwaa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "talarstol"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "orponk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dais, pulpit, or similar platform",
"word": "kürsü"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "platforma",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "платформа"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plattform"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "platform for a film or television camera",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podium"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esperó"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ramsteven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "keulajuhmuri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "éperon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rammsporn"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espolón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "projecting prow of a rowed warship",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skeppsnäbb"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostrum"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "kärsä"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "szipóka"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"word": "rostro"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "beak-shaped projection on the head of some insects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spröt"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "moron",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "морон"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "nokka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"word": "kuono"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "zoology: snout of a dolphin",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "näbb"
}
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms suffixed with -trum",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Animal body parts",
"la:Ship parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dēclīvirōstris"
},
{
"word": "rōstrātus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "arostu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: arostu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: arostu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "rostre"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: rostre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: rostre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rostrum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: rostrum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: rostrum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rostre"
},
"expansion": "French: rostre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: rostre"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "rostri"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: rostri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: rostri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Galician: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "rostro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Italian: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: rostro"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "rostro",
"3": "rosto"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: rostro, rosto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: rostro, rosto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rost"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: rost",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: rost"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ростр",
"3": "ростра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: ростр (rostr), ростра (rostra)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: ростр (rostr), ростра (rostra)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "rostro"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: rostro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: rostro"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rōdō",
"3": "trum",
"alt1": "rōd(ō)",
"gloss1": "to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "rōd(ō) (“to gnaw”) + -trum",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rāstrum"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rāstrum",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From rōd(ō) (“to gnaw”) + -trum, from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- + *-trom. Originally a bird's beak or animal's snout, but later extended to objects with a similar shape. Doublet of rāstrum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rōstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rōstrum<2>"
},
"expansion": "rōstrum n (genitive rōstrī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rōstrum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The ibis is a bird of the river Nile, which cleans itself by pouring water into its anus with its beak. It devours the eggs of snakes, carrying from them to its nests the most welcome food.",
"ref": "c. 600 CE – 625 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae 12.7.33",
"text": "Ībis avis Nīlī flūminis, quae sēmetipsam purgat, rōstrō in ānum aquam fundēns. Haec serpentium ōva vēscitur, grātissimam ex eīs ēscam nīdīs suīs dēportāns."
}
],
"glosses": [
"bill or beak of a bird"
],
"links": [
[
"bill",
"bill"
],
[
"beak",
"beak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beccus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Whether I shall be consumed by the long years, which I do not want,\nwhether I shall be set free by a death caused by a hand,\nwhether I shall be thrown shipwrecked about the immense waves\nand a fish from far away lands my guts will eat,\nwhether wandering birds my limbs should rip,\nwhether wolves will stain their snouts with my blood,\nwhether someone will be dignified to lay on the ground\nand give to a plebeian pyre my useless body,\nwhatever I shall be, I shall strive to break from the banks of the Styx\nand I'll hold my icy hands in your face as an avenger.",
"ref": "9 CE, Ovid, The Ibis 143–152",
"roman": "et tendam gelidās ultor in ōra manūs.",
"text": "Sīve ego, quod nōlim, longīs cōnsūmptus ab annīs,\nsīve manū factā morte solūtus erō,\nsīve per inmēnsās iactābor naufragus undās,\nnostraque longinquus viscera piscis edet,\nsīve peregrīnae carpent mea membra volucrēs,\nsīve meō tinguent sanguine rōstra lupī,\nsīve aliquis dignātus erit suppōnere terrae\net dare plēbēiō corpus ināne rogō,\nquicquid erō, Stygiīs ērumpere nītar ab ōrīs,"
}
],
"glosses": [
"snout or muzzle of an animal"
],
"links": [
[
"snout",
"snout"
],
[
"muzzle",
"muzzle"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"prow of a ship"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) prow of a ship"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stage or platform for speaking in the forum"
],
"links": [
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"platform",
"platform"
],
[
"speaking",
"speaking"
],
[
"forum",
"forum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) a stage or platform for speaking in the forum"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈroːs.trum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈroːs̠t̪rʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈros.trum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈrɔst̪rum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "rostrum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rostrum meaning in All languages combined (19.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.