See poll in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bypoll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "deed poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "exit poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Gallup poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "go to the polls"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "opinion poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll book"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll card"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll evil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll parrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll tax"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll-tax"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "poll worker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "push-poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "push poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "straw poll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tracking poll"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pollard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polliwog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tadpole"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A survey of people, usually statistically analyzed to gauge wider public opinion."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-en:survey",
"links": [
[
"survey",
"survey"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"usually",
"usually"
],
[
"statistically",
"statistically"
],
[
"analyzed",
"analyzed"
],
[
"gauge",
"gauge"
],
[
"wider",
"wider"
],
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:survey"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "survey"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "apytánnje",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "апыта́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "anketa",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "анкета"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquesta"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondatge"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondeig"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóupiào",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "投票"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "選舉"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xuǎnjǔ",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "选举"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "enketo"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spurnakanning"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "äänestys"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "mielipidemittaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondage"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gamoḳitxva",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "გამოკითხვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umfrage"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psifoforía",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ψηφοφορία"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimoskópisi",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "δημοσκόπηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "közvélemény-kutatás"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "inquesta"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vótaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondaggio"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"alt": "投票",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tupyo",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "투표"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"alt": "輿論調査",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeoronjosa",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "여론조사"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondatge"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ankieta"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquete"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "sondagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "sugestões"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "inquérito"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "avaliação"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "pesquisa"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprós",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опро́с"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encuesta"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "opinionsundersökning"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 8 23 1 6 15 13 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "opýtuvannja",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "опи́тування"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The student council had a poll to see what people want served in the cafeteria.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "All soldiers quartered in place are to remove […] and not to return till one day after the poll is ended.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1942 May-June, Charles E. Lee, “The Brampton Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 140, relating to an election in 1837:",
"text": "The other returns having come in, the result of the poll, that Sir James Graham had been superseded by Major Aglionby, was declared at Carlisle soon after 11 a.m.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal vote held in order to ascertain the most popular choice."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-en:vote",
"links": [
[
"formal",
"formal"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
],
[
"popular",
"popular"
],
[
"choice",
"choice"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:vote"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vote"
},
{
"word": "election"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halasavánnje",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "галасава́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glasuvane",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гласуване"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xmis micema",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "ხმის მიცემა"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳenč̣isq̇ra",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "კენჭისყრა"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "de",
"english": "ballot box",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Urne"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "szavazás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "voksolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "votazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scrutinio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "votação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golosovánije",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "голосова́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 36 27 3 5 13 13 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holosuvánnja",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "голосува́ння"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 5 14 2 4 10 7 4 2 2 2 4 5 1 2 7 4 4 7 2 1 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 4 12 2 4 8 6 12 1 6 1 3 5 2 1 6 3 3 6 1 1 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 15 2 4 9 8 2 2 2 2 5 6 2 2 8 3 4 7 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 13 2 4 6 6 2 2 3 2 5 8 2 2 6 7 4 7 2 2 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 6 13 1 4 7 5 5 1 6 1 4 6 1 1 5 7 3 6 1 1 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 15 2 4 9 9 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 9 3 4 7 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 4 18 1 4 9 9 2 1 2 2 4 4 1 2 9 4 4 7 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 6 12 2 4 10 7 5 1 2 2 4 8 1 2 7 3 3 7 2 1 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 15 2 4 9 9 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 9 3 5 7 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 5 14 2 4 10 7 4 2 2 2 4 5 1 2 7 4 4 7 2 1 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 13 1 3 8 7 3 2 7 2 4 7 2 2 7 4 4 6 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladino translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 5 13 2 5 7 8 3 1 3 1 5 6 1 2 8 5 3 8 2 1 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 5 14 2 4 10 7 4 2 2 2 4 5 1 2 7 4 4 7 2 1 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 5 15 2 4 8 8 3 2 4 2 5 5 2 2 8 4 4 7 2 1 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 4 11 3 5 8 6 4 2 2 2 4 5 2 2 7 4 4 7 2 2 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 4 14 2 4 9 7 6 2 6 1 4 5 2 1 7 3 3 7 1 1 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 4 15 2 4 9 9 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 9 3 5 7 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 4 14 2 4 8 7 5 2 7 2 4 4 2 1 7 3 3 6 1 1 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 4 15 1 4 9 9 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 9 4 5 8 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 5 14 2 4 10 7 4 1 2 2 4 5 1 2 8 4 4 8 2 1 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 4 13 2 4 9 7 7 1 2 2 4 5 1 2 7 4 4 7 2 1 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 9 21 1 4 9 8 2 0 5 2 1 10 3 2 1 1 7 2 3 6 1 0 3 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Democracy",
"orig": "en:Democracy",
"parents": [
"Forms of government",
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 14 1 12 8 8 1 1 5 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 8 3 4 7 1 0 1 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "en:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 3 13 2 4 8 7 2 5 5 2 2 2 4 5 2 3 8 3 4 7 2 0 2 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Parrots",
"orig": "en:Parrots",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The polls close at 8 p.m.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A polling place (usually as plural, polling places)"
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-6xNMTZrP",
"links": [
[
"polling place",
"polling place"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pomeštenie za glasuvane",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "помещение за гласуване"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "valstað"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "äänestyspaikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saarčevno ubani",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "საარჩევნო უბანი"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Wahllokal"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eklogikó kéntro",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "εκλογικό κέντρο"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "szavazóhelyiség"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "szavazókör"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urna"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbirátelʹnyj učástok",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "избира́тельный уча́сток"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbirátelʹnyj punkt",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "избира́тельный пункт"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 7 60 2 5 12 11 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výborča dilʹnýcja",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́борча дільни́ця"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-3SAv-Px3",
"links": [
[
"result",
"result"
],
[
"total",
"total"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 90 1 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izboren rezultat",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "изборен резултат"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 90 1 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "közvélemény-kutatás/szavazás/voksolás eredménye",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 90 1 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"word": "szavazatszám"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 90 1 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"word": "szavazatok száma"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 90 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ankieta"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 14 1 12 8 8 1 1 5 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 8 3 4 7 1 0 1 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "en:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…]the doctor, as if to hear better, had taken off his powdered wig, and sat there, looking very strange indeed with his own close-cropped black poll.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908, O. Henry, A Tempered Wind:",
"text": "And you might perceive the president and general manager, Mr. R. G. Atterbury, with his priceless polished poll, busy in the main office room dictating letters..",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Stuart W. Pyhrr, Donald J. LaRocca, Dirk H. Breiding, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), The Armored Horse in Europe, 1480-1620, Metropolitan Museum of Art, →ISBN, page 53:",
"text": "The main plate is formed in two halves, the upper plate having small sideplates, ear guards, an escutcheon plate (blank), and a brass plume-holder, as well as a hinged poll plate.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head, particularly the scalp or pate upon which hair (normally) grows."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-en:head",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"scalp",
"scalp"
],
[
"pate",
"pate"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"normally",
"normally"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"qualifier": "now rare outside veterinary contexts",
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare outside veterinary contexts) The head, particularly the scalp or pate upon which hair (normally) grows."
],
"senseid": [
"en:head"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "scalp"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "We are the greater poll, and in true fear\nThey gave us our demands.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "The muster file, rotten and sound, upon my life, amounts not to fifteen thousand poll.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mass of people, a mob or muster, considered as a head count."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-tVGy7SsH",
"links": [
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"muster",
"muster"
],
[
"considered",
"considered"
],
[
"head count",
"head count"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in extended senses of the above) A mass of people, a mob or muster, considered as a head count."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in extended senses of the above"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The broad or butt end of an axe or a hammer."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-7fUVBoD8",
"links": [
[
"butt",
"butt"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 17 2 3 10 62 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "kanta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 17 2 3 10 62 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "āmai"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 17 2 3 10 62 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "reke"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 4 12 2 4 8 6 12 1 6 1 3 5 2 1 6 3 3 6 1 1 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 16 1 3 9 9 21 0 5 0 0 0 3 2 1 1 8 2 4 7 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gadiforms",
"orig": "en:Gadiforms",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The pollard or European chub, a kind of fish."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-nFfQ5FQu",
"links": [
[
"pollard",
"pollard"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"chub",
"chub"
],
[
"kind of",
"kind of"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pole"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "polled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "polled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (third-person singular simple present polls, present participle polling, simple past and past participle polled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To take, record the votes of (an electorate)."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb--j3sEDoK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take, record the votes of (an electorate)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To solicit mock votes from (a person or group)."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-llXih~-n",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To solicit mock votes from (a person or group)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 76 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0 6 1 0 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "peilen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 76 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0 6 1 0 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "suorittaa mielipidetutkimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 76 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0 6 1 0 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "raccogliere voti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 76 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0 6 1 0 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "encuesta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 76 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 0 6 1 0 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "encuestas"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, B[enjamin] Disraeli, chapter IV, in Coningsby; or, The New Generation. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, book V, page 271:",
"text": "Mr. Millbank's friends were not disheartened, as it was known that the leading members of Mr. Rigby's Committee had polled; whereas his opponent's were principally reserved.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To vote at an election."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-0Q-Di0I0",
"links": [
[
"vote",
"vote#Verb"
],
[
"election",
"election"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To vote at an election."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He polled a hundred votes more than his opponent.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1717, Thomas Tickell, An Epistle from a Lady in England to a Gentleman at Avignon:",
"text": "poll for points of faith his trusty vote",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To register or deposit, as a vote; to elicit or call forth, as votes or voters."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-JvIbyaD0"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to poll the hair; to poll wool; to poll grass",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "[1611?], Homer, “(please specify |book=I to XXIV)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume (please specify the book number), London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC:",
"text": "Who, as he polled off his dart's head, so sure he had decreed\nThat all the counsels of their war he would poll off like it.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut off; to remove by clipping, shearing, etc.; to mow or crop."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-IsEyLMRy"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Bible Samuel/#14 2 Samuel:14–26:",
"text": "when he [Absalom] polled his head",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1579-1603, Thomas North, Plutarch's Lives\nHis death did so grieve them that they polled themselves; they clipped off their horse and mule's hairs."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut the hair of (a creature)."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-HtS-Hx60",
"links": [
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut the hair of (a creature)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To remove the horns of (an animal)."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-ZJuHmQCM",
"links": [
[
"horn",
"horn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove the horns of (an animal)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 12 0 65 15 0 0 1 1 0 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "leikata sarvet"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 12 0 65 15 0 0 1 1 0 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "dí-adharc"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 12 0 65 15 0 0 1 1 0 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "tagliare le corna"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to poll a tree",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove the top or end of; to clip; to lop."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-4dLOktVS"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Communication",
"orig": "en:Communication",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The network hub polled the department’s computers to determine which ones could still respond.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To (repeatedly) request the status of something (such as a computer or printer on a network)."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-X0o9KoiX",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing, communication) To (repeatedly) request the status of something (such as a computer or printer on a network)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"communication",
"communications",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Joanne McEvoy, The politics of Northern Ireland, page 171:",
"text": "The election was a resounding defeat for Robert McCartney who polled badly in the six constituencies he contested and even lost his own Assembly seat in North Down.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be judged in a poll."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-qC4oetPQ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with adverb) To be judged in a poll."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adverb"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Thomas North, Plutarch's Parallel Lives, Life of Brutus, paragraph 35:",
"text": "they slew Julius Caesar, who neither pilled nor polled the country but only was a favorer and suborner of all them that did rob and spoil, by his countenance and authority.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 6:",
"text": "Which pols and pils the poore in piteous wize",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To extort from; to plunder; to strip. Especially in conjunction with pill for emphasis."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-w79lz~N0",
"links": [
[
"pill",
"pill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To extort from; to plunder; to strip. Especially in conjunction with pill for emphasis."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To impose a tax upon."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-vGOHpXcq",
"links": [
[
"tax",
"tax"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Third Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "the man that polled but twelve pence for his head",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pay as one's personal tax."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-LSdmyjKW"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "polling the reformed churches whether they equalize in number those of his three kingdoms",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enter, as polls or persons, in a list or register; to enroll, especially for purposes of taxation; to enumerate one by one."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-HaCn~Cxc"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a polled deed",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or shave smooth or even; to cut in a straight line without indentation"
],
"id": "en-poll-en-verb-q5HQVGx6",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) To cut or shave smooth or even; to cut in a straight line without indentation"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pole"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "poll",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Poll Hereford"
},
{
"text": "Red Poll cows"
},
{
"ref": "1757, The monthly review, or, literary journal, volume 17, page 416:",
"text": "Sheep, that is, the Horned sort, and those without Horns, called Poll Sheep [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1960, Frank O'Loghlen, Frank H. Johnston, Cattle country: an illustrated survey of the Australian beef cattle industry, a complete directory of the studs, page 85:",
"text": "About 15000 cattle, comprising 10000 Hereford and Poll Hereford, 4000 Aberdeen Angus and 1000 Shorthorn and Poll Shorthorn, are grazed [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1970, The Pastoral review, volume 80, page 457:",
"text": "Otherwise, both horned and poll sheep continue to be bred from an inner stud.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bred without horns, and thus hornless."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-adj-al9mKW7n",
"links": [
[
"horn",
"horn"
],
[
"hornless",
"hornless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of kinds of livestock which typically have horns) Bred without horns, and thus hornless."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of kinds of livestock which typically have horns"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pole"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a shortening of Polly, a common name for pet parrots.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A pet parrot."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-5TCmnXYp",
"links": [
[
"parrot",
"parrot"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-poll (o).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πολύς",
"4": "πολλοί",
"5": "the many, the masses"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολλοί (polloí, “the many, the masses”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek πολλοί (polloí, “the many, the masses”), as in hoi polloi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cambridge University English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who does not try for honors at university, but is content to take a degree merely; a passman."
],
"id": "en-poll-en-noun-n~Tww7bS",
"links": [
[
"passman",
"passman"
]
],
"qualifier": "Cambridge University",
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dated, Cambridge University) One who does not try for honors at university, but is content to take a degree merely; a passman."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gentleman's C"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-poll (o).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Democracy",
"en:Gadiforms",
"en:Hair",
"en:Parrots",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bypoll"
},
{
"word": "deed poll"
},
{
"word": "exit poll"
},
{
"word": "Gallup poll"
},
{
"word": "go to the polls"
},
{
"word": "opinion poll"
},
{
"word": "poll book"
},
{
"word": "poll card"
},
{
"word": "poll evil"
},
{
"word": "polling"
},
{
"word": "poll parrot"
},
{
"word": "poll tax"
},
{
"word": "poll-tax"
},
{
"word": "poll worker"
},
{
"word": "push-poll"
},
{
"word": "push poll"
},
{
"word": "straw poll"
},
{
"word": "tracking poll"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pollard"
},
{
"word": "polliwog"
},
{
"word": "tadpole"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A survey of people, usually statistically analyzed to gauge wider public opinion."
],
"links": [
[
"survey",
"survey"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"usually",
"usually"
],
[
"statistically",
"statistically"
],
[
"analyzed",
"analyzed"
],
[
"gauge",
"gauge"
],
[
"wider",
"wider"
],
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:survey"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "survey"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The student council had a poll to see what people want served in the cafeteria.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "All soldiers quartered in place are to remove […] and not to return till one day after the poll is ended.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1942 May-June, Charles E. Lee, “The Brampton Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 140, relating to an election in 1837:",
"text": "The other returns having come in, the result of the poll, that Sir James Graham had been superseded by Major Aglionby, was declared at Carlisle soon after 11 a.m.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal vote held in order to ascertain the most popular choice."
],
"links": [
[
"formal",
"formal"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
],
[
"popular",
"popular"
],
[
"choice",
"choice"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:vote"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vote"
},
{
"word": "election"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The polls close at 8 p.m.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A polling place (usually as plural, polling places)"
],
"links": [
[
"polling place",
"polling place"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded."
],
"links": [
[
"result",
"result"
],
[
"total",
"total"
],
[
"number",
"number"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…]the doctor, as if to hear better, had taken off his powdered wig, and sat there, looking very strange indeed with his own close-cropped black poll.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908, O. Henry, A Tempered Wind:",
"text": "And you might perceive the president and general manager, Mr. R. G. Atterbury, with his priceless polished poll, busy in the main office room dictating letters..",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Stuart W. Pyhrr, Donald J. LaRocca, Dirk H. Breiding, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), The Armored Horse in Europe, 1480-1620, Metropolitan Museum of Art, →ISBN, page 53:",
"text": "The main plate is formed in two halves, the upper plate having small sideplates, ear guards, an escutcheon plate (blank), and a brass plume-holder, as well as a hinged poll plate.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head, particularly the scalp or pate upon which hair (normally) grows."
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"scalp",
"scalp"
],
[
"pate",
"pate"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"normally",
"normally"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"qualifier": "now rare outside veterinary contexts",
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare outside veterinary contexts) The head, particularly the scalp or pate upon which hair (normally) grows."
],
"senseid": [
"en:head"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "scalp"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "We are the greater poll, and in true fear\nThey gave us our demands.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "The muster file, rotten and sound, upon my life, amounts not to fifteen thousand poll.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mass of people, a mob or muster, considered as a head count."
],
"links": [
[
"mass",
"mass"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"muster",
"muster"
],
[
"considered",
"considered"
],
[
"head count",
"head count"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in extended senses of the above) A mass of people, a mob or muster, considered as a head count."
],
"raw_tags": [
"in extended senses of the above"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The broad or butt end of an axe or a hammer."
],
"links": [
[
"butt",
"butt"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The pollard or European chub, a kind of fish."
],
"links": [
[
"pollard",
"pollard"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"chub",
"chub"
],
[
"kind of",
"kind of"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pol"
},
{
"word": "pole"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "apytánnje",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "апыта́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "anketa",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "анкета"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquesta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondatge"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondeig"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóupiào",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "投票"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "選舉"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xuǎnjǔ",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "选举"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "enketo"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spurnakanning"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "äänestys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "mielipidemittaus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquisa"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gamoḳitxva",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "გამოკითხვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Umfrage"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psifoforía",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ψηφοφορία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dimoskópisi",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "δημοσκόπηση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "közvélemény-kutatás"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "inquesta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vótaíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondaggio"
},
{
"alt": "投票",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tupyo",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "투표"
},
{
"alt": "輿論調査",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeoronjosa",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "여론조사"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondatge"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ankieta"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enquete"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "sondagem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "sugestões"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "inquérito"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "avaliação"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"word": "pesquisa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oprós",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "опро́с"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anketa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encuesta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sondeo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "opinionsundersökning"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "opýtuvannja",
"sense": "a survey of a particular group — see also survey",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "опи́тування"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halasavánnje",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "галасава́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glasuvane",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гласуване"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xmis micema",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "ხმის მიცემა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳenč̣isq̇ra",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "კენჭისყრა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "ballot box",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Urne"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "szavazás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"word": "voksolás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "votazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "scrutinio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "votação"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "golosovánije",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "голосова́ние"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holosuvánnja",
"sense": "a formal vote — see also vote, election",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "голосува́ння"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pomeštenie za glasuvane",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "помещение за гласуване"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "valstað"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "äänestyspaikka"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "saarčevno ubani",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "საარჩევნო უბანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Wahllokal"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eklogikó kéntro",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "εκλογικό κέντρο"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "szavazóhelyiség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"word": "szavazókör"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urna"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbirátelʹnyj učástok",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "избира́тельный уча́сток"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izbirátelʹnyj punkt",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "избира́тельный пункт"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výborča dilʹnýcja",
"sense": "polling place, a place to vote",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́борча дільни́ця"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izboren rezultat",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "изборен резултат"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "közvélemény-kutatás/szavazás/voksolás eredménye",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"word": "szavazatszám"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"word": "szavazatok száma"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the result of the voting, the total number of votes recorded",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ankieta"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "kanta"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "āmai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "broad or butt end of an axe, adze, or similar tool",
"word": "reke"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Democracy",
"en:Gadiforms",
"en:Hair",
"en:Parrots",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "polling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "polled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "polled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (third-person singular simple present polls, present participle polling, simple past and past participle polled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To take, record the votes of (an electorate)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take, record the votes of (an electorate)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To solicit mock votes from (a person or group)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To solicit mock votes from (a person or group)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, B[enjamin] Disraeli, chapter IV, in Coningsby; or, The New Generation. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, book V, page 271:",
"text": "Mr. Millbank's friends were not disheartened, as it was known that the leading members of Mr. Rigby's Committee had polled; whereas his opponent's were principally reserved.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To vote at an election."
],
"links": [
[
"vote",
"vote#Verb"
],
[
"election",
"election"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To vote at an election."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He polled a hundred votes more than his opponent.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1717, Thomas Tickell, An Epistle from a Lady in England to a Gentleman at Avignon:",
"text": "poll for points of faith his trusty vote",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To register or deposit, as a vote; to elicit or call forth, as votes or voters."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to poll the hair; to poll wool; to poll grass",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "[1611?], Homer, “(please specify |book=I to XXIV)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume (please specify the book number), London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC:",
"text": "Who, as he polled off his dart's head, so sure he had decreed\nThat all the counsels of their war he would poll off like it.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut off; to remove by clipping, shearing, etc.; to mow or crop."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Bible Samuel/#14 2 Samuel:14–26:",
"text": "when he [Absalom] polled his head",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1579-1603, Thomas North, Plutarch's Lives\nHis death did so grieve them that they polled themselves; they clipped off their horse and mule's hairs."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut the hair of (a creature)."
],
"links": [
[
"hair",
"hair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut the hair of (a creature)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove the horns of (an animal)."
],
"links": [
[
"horn",
"horn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove the horns of (an animal)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to poll a tree",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To remove the top or end of; to clip; to lop."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Communication",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The network hub polled the department’s computers to determine which ones could still respond.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To (repeatedly) request the status of something (such as a computer or printer on a network)."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"communication",
"communication"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing, communication) To (repeatedly) request the status of something (such as a computer or printer on a network)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"communication",
"communications",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Joanne McEvoy, The politics of Northern Ireland, page 171:",
"text": "The election was a resounding defeat for Robert McCartney who polled badly in the six constituencies he contested and even lost his own Assembly seat in North Down.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be judged in a poll."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, with adverb) To be judged in a poll."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adverb"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Thomas North, Plutarch's Parallel Lives, Life of Brutus, paragraph 35:",
"text": "they slew Julius Caesar, who neither pilled nor polled the country but only was a favorer and suborner of all them that did rob and spoil, by his countenance and authority.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 6:",
"text": "Which pols and pils the poore in piteous wize",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To extort from; to plunder; to strip. Especially in conjunction with pill for emphasis."
],
"links": [
[
"pill",
"pill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To extort from; to plunder; to strip. Especially in conjunction with pill for emphasis."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To impose a tax upon."
],
"links": [
[
"tax",
"tax"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Third Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "the man that polled but twelve pence for his head",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pay as one's personal tax."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "polling the reformed churches whether they equalize in number those of his three kingdoms",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enter, as polls or persons, in a list or register; to enroll, especially for purposes of taxation; to enumerate one by one."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a polled deed",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or shave smooth or even; to cut in a straight line without indentation"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) To cut or shave smooth or even; to cut in a straight line without indentation"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pol"
},
{
"word": "pole"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "peilen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "suorittaa mielipidetutkimus"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "raccogliere voti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"word": "encuesta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to solicit mock votes from (a person or group)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "encuestas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "leikata sarvet"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "dí-adharc"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to remove the horns of (an animal)",
"word": "tagliare le corna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Democracy",
"en:Gadiforms",
"en:Hair",
"en:Parrots",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"scalp, pate\""
},
"expansion": "(\"scalp, pate\")",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pol"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*poll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *poll",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pullaz",
"t": "round object, head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bolno-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bolno-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bew-",
"t": "to blow, swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pow",
"t": "head, crown, scalp, skull"
},
"expansion": "Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "pol",
"pos": "adj",
"t": "round, full, brimming"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Polle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Polle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Poller",
"t": "head, tree-top, bulb"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "puld",
"t": "crown of a hat"
},
"expansion": "Danish puld (“crown of a hat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pol, polle (\"scalp, pate\"), from or cognate with Middle Dutch pol, pōle, polle (“top, summit; head”), from Proto-West Germanic *poll, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“round object, head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *bolno-, *bōwl- (“orb, round object, bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, swell”).\nAkin to Scots pow (“head, crown, scalp, skull”), Saterland Frisian pol (“round, full, brimming”, adj), German Low German Polle, Poll (“round object, ball”), German Low German Poller (“head, tree-top, bulb”), Danish puld (“crown of a hat”), Swedish dialectal pull (“head”).\nMeaning \"collection of votes\" is first recorded 1625, from the notion of \"counting heads\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "poll",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Poll Hereford"
},
{
"text": "Red Poll cows"
},
{
"ref": "1757, The monthly review, or, literary journal, volume 17, page 416:",
"text": "Sheep, that is, the Horned sort, and those without Horns, called Poll Sheep [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1960, Frank O'Loghlen, Frank H. Johnston, Cattle country: an illustrated survey of the Australian beef cattle industry, a complete directory of the studs, page 85:",
"text": "About 15000 cattle, comprising 10000 Hereford and Poll Hereford, 4000 Aberdeen Angus and 1000 Shorthorn and Poll Shorthorn, are grazed [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1970, The Pastoral review, volume 80, page 457:",
"text": "Otherwise, both horned and poll sheep continue to be bred from an inner stud.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bred without horns, and thus hornless."
],
"links": [
[
"horn",
"horn"
],
[
"hornless",
"hornless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of kinds of livestock which typically have horns) Bred without horns, and thus hornless."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of kinds of livestock which typically have horns"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒʊl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/poʊl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-pole.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg/En-us-pole.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-pole.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/pol/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊl"
},
{
"homophone": "pole"
},
{
"homophone": "Pole"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pol"
},
{
"word": "pole"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl/1 syllable",
"en:Democracy",
"en:Gadiforms",
"en:Hair",
"en:Parrots",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a shortening of Polly, a common name for pet parrots.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A pet parrot."
],
"links": [
[
"parrot",
"parrot"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-poll (o).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒl/1 syllable",
"en:Democracy",
"en:Gadiforms",
"en:Hair",
"en:Parrots",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πολύς",
"4": "πολλοί",
"5": "the many, the masses"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολλοί (polloí, “the many, the masses”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek πολλοί (polloí, “the many, the masses”), as in hoi polloi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "polls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "poll (plural polls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gentleman's C"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Cambridge University English",
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"One who does not try for honors at university, but is content to take a degree merely; a passman."
],
"links": [
[
"passman",
"passman"
]
],
"qualifier": "Cambridge University",
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dated, Cambridge University) One who does not try for honors at university, but is content to take a degree merely; a passman."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɒl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-poll (o).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-poll_%28o%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Poll (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "poll"
}
Download raw JSONL data for poll meaning in English (43.2kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"poll"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "poll",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "core/1021",
"msg": "too many args (3) in argument reference: ('page', '', '\\U0010222d')",
"path": [
"poll",
"RQ:Milton Eikonoklastes"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "poll",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.