"phalanx" meaning in English

See phalanx in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈfeɪˌlæŋks/, /ˈfæˌlæŋks/ Audio: en-us-phalanx.ogg , en-au-phalanx.ogg Forms: phalanxes [plural], phalanges [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin phalanx or Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”). Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|phalanx}} Latin phalanx, {{bor|en|grc|φάλαγξ||battle order, array}} Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”), {{doublet|en|phalange|planch|plancha|planche|plank}} Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank Head templates: {{en-noun|+|phalanges}} phalanx (plural phalanxes or phalanges)
  1. (historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears. Tags: historical Categories (topical): Ancient Greece, Collectives, Military units Translations (ancient Greek military unit): falang [masculine] (Albanian), tufë trima (Albanian), φάλαγξ (phálanx) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), փաղանգ (pʻaġang) (Armenian), фала́нга (falánha) [feminine] (Belarusian), фаланга (falanga) [feminine] (Bulgarian), falange [feminine] (Catalan), 方陣 /方阵 (fāngzhèn) (Chinese Mandarin), falanga [feminine] (Czech), falanks [common-gender] (Danish), falanx (Dutch), falango (Esperanto), falangi (Finnish), phalange [feminine] (French), falanxe [feminine] (Galician), Phalanx [feminine] (German), φάλαγγα (fálanga) [feminine] (Greek), kjúka [feminine] (Icelandic), falang [masculine] (Irish), falange [feminine] (Italian), ファランクス (farankusu) (Japanese), phalanga [feminine] (Latin), phalanx [feminine] (Latin), фаланга (falanga) [feminine] (Macedonian), फॅलँक्स (phĕlĕṅksa) (Marathi), falanga [feminine] (Polish), falange [feminine] (Portuguese), falangă [feminine] (Romanian), фала́нга (falánga) [feminine] (Russian), фаланга [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), falanga [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), falanga [feminine] (Slovene), falange [feminine] (Spanish), falang [common-gender] (Swedish), фала́нга (falánha) [feminine] (Ukrainian), phalanx (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-phalanx-en-noun-SNjlPUL9 Disambiguation of Ancient Greece: 59 2 19 20 Disambiguation of Collectives: 36 4 37 23 Disambiguation of Military units: 52 7 25 16 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Malay translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Volapük translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 35 6 28 30 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 37 6 29 28 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 38 4 33 25 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 3 30 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 58 9 18 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 87 3 4 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 52 11 18 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 58 9 18 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 50 10 22 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 55 9 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 55 9 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 53 14 17 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 55 7 21 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 40 8 26 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 54 5 21 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 53 9 21 17 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 41 7 26 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 51 9 22 18 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 42 8 25 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 68 6 12 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 42 12 22 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 56 10 17 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 56 8 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 57 8 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 40 6 27 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 40 6 27 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 56 8 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 40 6 27 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 74 5 12 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Malay translations: 56 9 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 47 8 19 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 53 9 21 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Marathi translations: 56 7 19 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Kurdish translations: 48 3 25 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 55 9 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 55 7 19 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 50 9 20 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 57 9 18 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 54 9 21 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 40 6 27 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 58 8 18 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 55 9 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 58 9 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 40 6 28 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 57 8 20 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 57 8 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 58 9 19 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Volapük translations: 40 6 27 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 40 7 27 26 Disambiguation of 'ancient Greek military unit': 93 3 2 2
  2. (historical sociology) A Fourierite utopian community; a phalanstery. Tags: historical
    Sense id: en-phalanx-en-noun-yTAC8QhV Topics: human-sciences, sciences, social-science, sociology
  3. (plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose. Categories (topical): Collectives Translations (large group of animals, plants, or people): orda [feminine] (Italian), falanga [feminine] (Polish) Translations (large group of people): falange [feminine] (Catalan), falangi (Finnish), φάλαγγα (fálanga) [feminine] (Greek), orda [feminine] (Italian), фаланга (falanga) [feminine] (Macedonian), falanga [feminine] (Polish), фала́нга (falánga) [feminine] (Russian), фаланга [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), falanga [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian)
    Sense id: en-phalanx-en-noun-OJ-lGi3O Disambiguation of Collectives: 36 4 37 23 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 35 6 28 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 38 4 33 25 Disambiguation of 'large group of animals, plants, or people': 20 5 60 15 Disambiguation of 'large group of people': 5 3 92 0
  4. (anatomy, plural phalanges) One of the bones of the finger or toe. Categories (topical): Skeleton, Collectives Synonyms (bone of the finger or toe): phalange [anatomy, medicine, sciences] Translations (finger or toe bone): سُلَامَى (sulāmā) [masculine] (Arabic), سُلَامِيَّة (sulāmiyya) [feminine] (Arabic), մատնահատված (matnahatvac) (Armenian), фала́нга (falánha) [feminine] (Belarusian), фала́нга (falánga) [feminine] (Bulgarian), falange [feminine] (Catalan), 指骨 (zhǐgǔ) (Chinese Mandarin), 趾骨 (zhǐgǔ) (english: toe bone) (Chinese Mandarin), článek prstu [masculine] (Czech), falanks [common-gender] (Danish), kootje [neuter] (Dutch), falango (Esperanto), varpaanluu (english: toe) (Finnish), sormiluu (english: finger) (Finnish), phalange [feminine] (French), falanxe [feminine] (Galician), Fingerglied [neuter] (German), Zehenglied (english: toe bone) [neuter] (German), φάλαγγα (fálanga) [feminine] (Greek), גָּלִיל (galíl) [masculine] (Hebrew), ujjperc (Hungarian), kjúka [feminine] (Icelandic), falang [masculine] (Irish), falange [feminine] (Italian), 指骨 (shikotsu) (alt: しこつ) (Japanese), 趾骨 (shikotsu) (english: toe bone) (alt: しこつ) (Japanese), 지골 (jigol) (Korean), фаланга (falanga) [feminine] (Macedonian), falanks (Malay), iwi mati (Maori), hestiyên pêçiyê (Northern Kurdish), hestiyên tilîyê (Northern Kurdish), falang [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), falanja [feminine] (Occitan), paliczek [masculine] (Polish), falange [feminine] (Portuguese), falangă [feminine] (Romanian), фала́нга (falánga) [feminine] (Russian), суста́в па́льца (sustáv pálʹca) [masculine] (Russian), фаланга [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), falanga [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), článok prstu [masculine] (Slovak), falange [feminine] (Spanish), falang [common-gender] (Swedish), фала́нга (falánha) [feminine] (Ukrainian), doatabomil (english: finger) (Volapük), teanabomil (english: toe) (Volapük), ffalang [feminine, masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-phalanx-en-noun-HS8m4IAV Disambiguation of Collectives: 36 4 37 23 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 35 6 28 30 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 38 4 33 25 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences Disambiguation of 'bone of the finger or toe': 16 2 14 68 Disambiguation of 'finger or toe bone': 0 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: distal phalanx, intermediate phalanx, middle phalanx, phalangeal, proximal phalanx

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "distal phalanx"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "intermediate phalanx"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "middle phalanx"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "phalangeal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "proximal phalanx"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "phalanx"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin phalanx",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "φάλαγξ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "battle order, array"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "phalange",
        "3": "planch",
        "4": "plancha",
        "5": "planche",
        "6": "plank"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin phalanx or Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”). Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "phalanxes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "phalanges",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+",
        "2": "phalanges"
      },
      "expansion": "phalanx (plural phalanxes or phalanges)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pha‧lanx"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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      "glosses": [
        "An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears."
      ],
      "id": "en-phalanx-en-noun-SNjlPUL9",
      "links": [
        [
          "Greek",
          "Greek"
        ],
        [
          "Macedonian",
          "Macedonian"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ],
        [
          "array",
          "array"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plural phalanxes",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Old Albanian"
          ],
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "tufë trima"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "pʻaġang",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "փաղանգ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "falánha",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "falanga",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fāngzhèn",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "方陣 /方阵"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "falanks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "falanx"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "falango"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "falangi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phalange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanxe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Phalanx"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "fálanga",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φάλαγγα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "phálanx",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φάλαγξ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kjúka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "farankusu",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "ファランクス"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phalanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phalanx"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "falanga",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "phĕlĕṅksa",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "फॅलँक्स"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falangă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "falánga",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "falánha",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "93 3 2 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
          "word": "phalanx"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2009 April 16, Jon Mooallem, “The End Is Near! (Yay!)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "[Charles Fourier] calculated that if precisely 1,620 men, women and children were collected in a 6,000-acre phalanx, they would — all by merrily following their individual passions — end up satisfying all the phalanx’s essential needs.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Fourierite utopian community; a phalanstery."
      ],
      "id": "en-phalanx-en-noun-yTAC8QhV",
      "links": [
        [
          "Fourierite",
          "Fourierite"
        ],
        [
          "utopian",
          "utopian"
        ],
        [
          "phalanstery",
          "phalanstery"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical sociology) A Fourierite utopian community; a phalanstery."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 6 28 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 4 33 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 4 37 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "en:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1827, Lydia Sigourney, Poems, The Chair of the Indian KIng, page 93:",
          "text": "The monarch hath gone, but his rocky throne\nStill rests on its frowning base;\nIts motionless guards rise in phalanx lone,\nAnd nought save the winds through their helmets that moan,\nAnd none but those bosoms and hearts of stone\nSigh o'er a fallen race.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:",
          "text": "But there was no man to greet them in the market-place, and no woman's face appeared at the windows - only a bodiless voice went before them, calling: \"Fallen is Imperial Kôr! - fallen! - fallen! fallen!\" On, right through the city, marched those gleaming phalanxes, and the rattle of their bony tread echoed through the silent air as they pressed grimly on.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1895, Ida M[inerva] Tarbell, “The Second Funeral of Napoleon.—Removal of Napoleon’s Remains from St. Helena to the Banks of the Seine in 1840.”, in A Short Life of Napoleon Bonaparte, New York, N.Y.: S[amuel] S[idney] MᶜClure, Limited […], page 240, column 1:",
          "text": "From Courbevoie to the Hôtel des Invalides, one walked through a hedge of elaborate decorations—of bees, eagles, crowns, N’s; of bucklers, banners, and wreaths bearing the names of famous victories; of urns blazing with incense; of rostral columns; masts bearing trophies of arms and clusters of flags; flaming tripods; allegorical statues; triumphal arches; great banks of seats draped in imperial purple and packed with spectators, and phalanges of soldiers.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 331:",
          "text": "Broad phalanx of cars across the bridge moving slowly through the streaming snow.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007 April 25, Hélène Mulholland, “Blair refuses to condemn FoI bill”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2014-10-03:",
          "text": "The Guardian today listed a phalanx of ministers who back the bill, including Tessa Jowell, the culture secretary, Tony McNulty, the policing minister, Andy Burnham, the junior health minister, Ian Pearson, the climate change minister, John Healey, the financial secretary to the Treasury, and Keith Hill, parliamentary private secretary to Tony Blair.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007 May 6, Sean O'Hagan, “The day I thought would never come: This week, Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness will astonish those who experienced the Troubles”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2014-10-03:",
          "text": "There, the Paisleyites were being held back by another phalanx of soldiers and policemen.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Maria Nugent, “[In between] The second day”, in Captain Cook Was Here, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 58:",
          "text": "For a short time the two phalanges of men faced each other at a distance apart.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Sugata Nandi, “Insurrectionary city: Revolts in colonial Calcutta, 1918–1946”, in Urvi Mukhopadhyay, Suchandra Ghosh, editors, Exploring South Asian Urbanity, Routledge, →DOI, →ISBN, part V (Urban fringes and insurrections), chapter section “The mass and Gandhi Raj, 1918–1922”:",
          "text": "The next day, phalanges of soldiers blocked all entrances to the city as rumours that Muslim workers from all around Calcutta would throng the venue of the meeting in protest reached the commissioner of the city Police.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose."
      ],
      "id": "en-phalanx-en-noun-OJ-lGi3O",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose."
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "20 5 60 15",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "large group of animals, plants, or people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "20 5 60 15",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "large group of animals, plants, or people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "word": "falangi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "fálanga",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φάλαγγα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "orda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "falanga",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "falánga",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 3 92 0",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "large group of people",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Skeleton",
          "orig": "en:Skeleton",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 6 28 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 4 33 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 4 37 23",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "en:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the bones of the finger or toe."
      ],
      "id": "en-phalanx-en-noun-HS8m4IAV",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ],
        [
          "finger",
          "finger"
        ],
        [
          "toe",
          "toe"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plural phalanges",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, plural phalanges) One of the bones of the finger or toe."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "16 2 14 68",
          "sense": "bone of the finger or toe",
          "topics": [
            "anatomy",
            "medicine",
            "sciences"
          ],
          "word": "phalange"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sulāmā",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "سُلَامَى"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sulāmiyya",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سُلَامِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "matnahatvac",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "մատնահատված"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "falánha",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "falánga",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhǐgǔ",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "指骨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "english": "toe bone",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhǐgǔ",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "趾骨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "článek prstu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "falanks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kootje"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "falango"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "toe",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "varpaanluu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "finger",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "sormiluu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "phalange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanxe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Fingerglied"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "de",
          "english": "toe bone",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Zehenglied"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "fálanga",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φάλαγγα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "galíl",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "גָּלִיל"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "ujjperc"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kjúka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "alt": "しこつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shikotsu",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "指骨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "alt": "しこつ",
          "code": "ja",
          "english": "toe bone",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shikotsu",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "趾骨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jigol",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "지골"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "hestiyên pêçiyê"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "hestiyên tilîyê"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "falanga",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "falanks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "iwi mati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "paliczek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falangă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "falánga",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sustáv pálʹca",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "суста́в па́льца"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фаланга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falanga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "článok prstu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "falange"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "falang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "falánha",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фала́нга"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "vo",
          "english": "finger",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "doatabomil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "vo",
          "english": "toe",
          "lang": "Volapük",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "word": "teanabomil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "finger or toe bone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ffalang"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfeɪˌlæŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfæˌlæŋks/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-phalanx.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/En-us-phalanx.ogg/En-us-phalanx.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/En-us-phalanx.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-phalanx.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-au-phalanx.ogg/En-au-phalanx.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-au-phalanx.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Phalanx bone",
    "phalanx"
  ],
  "word": "phalanx"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵ-",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Malay translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Volapük translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Ancient Greece",
    "en:Collectives",
    "en:Military units"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "distal phalanx"
    },
    {
      "word": "intermediate phalanx"
    },
    {
      "word": "middle phalanx"
    },
    {
      "word": "phalangeal"
    },
    {
      "word": "proximal phalanx"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "phalanx"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin phalanx",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "φάλαγξ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "battle order, array"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "phalange",
        "3": "planch",
        "4": "plancha",
        "5": "planche",
        "6": "plank"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin phalanx or Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “battle order, array”). Doublet of phalange, planch, plancha, planche, and plank.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "phalanxes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "phalanges",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+",
        "2": "phalanges"
      },
      "expansion": "phalanx (plural phalanxes or phalanges)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pha‧lanx"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Greek",
          "Greek"
        ],
        [
          "Macedonian",
          "Macedonian"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ],
        [
          "array",
          "array"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plural phalanxes",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, plural phalanxes) An ancient Greek and Macedonian military unit that consisted of several ranks and files (lines) of soldiers in close array with joined shields and long spears."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2009 April 16, Jon Mooallem, “The End Is Near! (Yay!)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
          "text": "[Charles Fourier] calculated that if precisely 1,620 men, women and children were collected in a 6,000-acre phalanx, they would — all by merrily following their individual passions — end up satisfying all the phalanx’s essential needs.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A Fourierite utopian community; a phalanstery."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Fourierite",
          "Fourierite"
        ],
        [
          "utopian",
          "utopian"
        ],
        [
          "phalanstery",
          "phalanstery"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical sociology) A Fourierite utopian community; a phalanstery."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences",
        "social-science",
        "sociology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1827, Lydia Sigourney, Poems, The Chair of the Indian KIng, page 93:",
          "text": "The monarch hath gone, but his rocky throne\nStill rests on its frowning base;\nIts motionless guards rise in phalanx lone,\nAnd nought save the winds through their helmets that moan,\nAnd none but those bosoms and hearts of stone\nSigh o'er a fallen race.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:",
          "text": "But there was no man to greet them in the market-place, and no woman's face appeared at the windows - only a bodiless voice went before them, calling: \"Fallen is Imperial Kôr! - fallen! - fallen! fallen!\" On, right through the city, marched those gleaming phalanxes, and the rattle of their bony tread echoed through the silent air as they pressed grimly on.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1895, Ida M[inerva] Tarbell, “The Second Funeral of Napoleon.—Removal of Napoleon’s Remains from St. Helena to the Banks of the Seine in 1840.”, in A Short Life of Napoleon Bonaparte, New York, N.Y.: S[amuel] S[idney] MᶜClure, Limited […], page 240, column 1:",
          "text": "From Courbevoie to the Hôtel des Invalides, one walked through a hedge of elaborate decorations—of bees, eagles, crowns, N’s; of bucklers, banners, and wreaths bearing the names of famous victories; of urns blazing with incense; of rostral columns; masts bearing trophies of arms and clusters of flags; flaming tripods; allegorical statues; triumphal arches; great banks of seats draped in imperial purple and packed with spectators, and phalanges of soldiers.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 331:",
          "text": "Broad phalanx of cars across the bridge moving slowly through the streaming snow.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007 April 25, Hélène Mulholland, “Blair refuses to condemn FoI bill”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2014-10-03:",
          "text": "The Guardian today listed a phalanx of ministers who back the bill, including Tessa Jowell, the culture secretary, Tony McNulty, the policing minister, Andy Burnham, the junior health minister, Ian Pearson, the climate change minister, John Healey, the financial secretary to the Treasury, and Keith Hill, parliamentary private secretary to Tony Blair.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007 May 6, Sean O'Hagan, “The day I thought would never come: This week, Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness will astonish those who experienced the Troubles”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2014-10-03:",
          "text": "There, the Paisleyites were being held back by another phalanx of soldiers and policemen.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Maria Nugent, “[In between] The second day”, in Captain Cook Was Here, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 58:",
          "text": "For a short time the two phalanges of men faced each other at a distance apart.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2022, Sugata Nandi, “Insurrectionary city: Revolts in colonial Calcutta, 1918–1946”, in Urvi Mukhopadhyay, Suchandra Ghosh, editors, Exploring South Asian Urbanity, Routledge, →DOI, →ISBN, part V (Urban fringes and insurrections), chapter section “The mass and Gandhi Raj, 1918–1922”:",
          "text": "The next day, phalanges of soldiers blocked all entrances to the city as rumours that Muslim workers from all around Calcutta would throng the venue of the meeting in protest reached the commissioner of the city Police.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges) A large group of people, animals or things, compact or closely massed, or tightly knit and united in common purpose."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Skeleton"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the bones of the finger or toe."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ],
        [
          "finger",
          "finger"
        ],
        [
          "toe",
          "toe"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "plural phalanges",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, plural phalanges) One of the bones of the finger or toe."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfeɪˌlæŋks/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfæˌlæŋks/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-phalanx.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/En-us-phalanx.ogg/En-us-phalanx.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/En-us-phalanx.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-phalanx.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-au-phalanx.ogg/En-au-phalanx.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-au-phalanx.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "bone of the finger or toe",
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "phalange"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Old Albanian"
      ],
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "tufë trima"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "pʻaġang",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "փաղանգ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "falánha",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "falanga",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fāngzhèn",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "方陣 /方阵"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "falanks"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "falanx"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "falango"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "falangi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phalange"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanxe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Phalanx"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "fálanga",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φάλαγγα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "phálanx",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φάλαγξ"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kjúka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "farankusu",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "ファランクス"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phalanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phalanx"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "falanga",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "phĕlĕṅksa",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "फॅलँक्स"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falangă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "falánga",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "falánha",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "ancient Greek military unit",
      "word": "phalanx"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sulāmā",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سُلَامَى"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sulāmiyya",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سُلَامِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "matnahatvac",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "մատնահատված"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "falánha",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "falánga",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhǐgǔ",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "指骨"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "toe bone",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhǐgǔ",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "趾骨"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "článek prstu"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "falanks"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kootje"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "falango"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "toe",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "varpaanluu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "finger",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "sormiluu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "phalange"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanxe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Fingerglied"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "english": "toe bone",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Zehenglied"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "fálanga",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φάλαγγα"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "galíl",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גָּלִיל"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "ujjperc"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kjúka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しこつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shikotsu",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "指骨"
    },
    {
      "alt": "しこつ",
      "code": "ja",
      "english": "toe bone",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shikotsu",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "趾骨"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jigol",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "지골"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "hestiyên pêçiyê"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "hestiyên tilîyê"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "falanga",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "falanks"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "iwi mati"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paliczek"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falangă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "falánga",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sustáv pálʹca",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "суста́в па́льца"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "článok prstu"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "falang"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "falánha",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "english": "finger",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "doatabomil"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "english": "toe",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "word": "teanabomil"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "finger or toe bone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ffalang"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "large group of animals, plants, or people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orda"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "large group of animals, plants, or people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falange"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "word": "falangi"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "fálanga",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φάλαγγα"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "orda"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "falanga",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "falánga",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фала́нга"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фаланга"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "large group of people",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "falanga"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Phalanx bone",
    "phalanx"
  ],
  "word": "phalanx"
}

Download raw JSONL data for phalanx meaning in English (20.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges",
  "path": [
    "phalanx"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "phalanx",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: plural phalanxes or (rare) phalanges",
  "path": [
    "phalanx"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "phalanx",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.