"over-" meaning in English

See over- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /ˈəʊ̯və/ [Received-Pronunciation], [ˈəʊ̯.və] [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈoʊ̯vəɹ/ [Canada, General-American], [ˈoʊ.vɚ] [Canada, General-American], /ˈɐʉ̯və/ [General-Australian, New-Zealand], [ˈɐʉ̯.vɐ] [General-Australian, New-Zealand], [ˈo̝.vər] [Scotland], [ˈoː.bʱə(ɾ)] [India]
Etymology: From Middle English over-, from Old English ofer-, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, Swedish över-, Welsh gor-, Spanish sobre-, Armenian վեր- (ver-), Persian ابر (abar-). Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-. More at over. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|over-}} Middle English over-, {{inh|en|ang|ofer-}} Old English ofer-, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*uber}} Proto-Germanic *uber, {{inh|en|ine-pro|*upér}} Proto-Indo-European *upér, {{cog|nl|over-}} Dutch over-, {{cog|de|über-}} German über-, {{cog|sv|över-}} Swedish över-, {{cog|cy|gor-}} Welsh gor-, {{cog|es|sobre-}} Spanish sobre-, {{cog|hy|վեր-}} Armenian վեր- (ver-), {{cog|fa|ابر}} Persian ابر, {{doublet|en|super-|sur-|hyper-}} Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper- Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} over-, {{en-prefix}} over-
  1. Above, or higher. Tags: morpheme Translations (above or higher): վեր- (ver-) (Armenian), վերա- (vera-) (Armenian), ifrat- (Azerbaijani), sobre- (Catalan), 過度 (Chinese Mandarin), 过度 (guòdù) (Chinese Mandarin), přes- (Czech), pře- (Czech), sur- (French), ზე- (ze-) (Georgian), über- (German), felül- (Hungarian), sopra- (Italian), super- (Latin), sobre- (Portuguese), super- (Portuguese), пере- (pere-) (Russian), сверх- (sverx-) (Russian), ower- (Scots), tar- (Scottish Gaelic), super- (Spanish), sobre- (Spanish), compounds with över (Swedish), איבער־ (iber-) (Yiddish)
    Sense id: en-over--en-prefix-en:above_or_higher Disambiguation of 'above or higher': 89 7 1 1 2
  2. Superior. Tags: morpheme Translations (superior): ifrat- (Azerbaijani), přes- (Czech), ზე- (ze-) (Georgian), sobre- (Portuguese), super- (Portuguese), пере- (pere-) (Russian), сверх- (sverx-) (Russian), ower- (Scots), compounds with över (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-over--en-prefix-en:superior Disambiguation of 'superior': 11 89 0 0 0
  3. Excessive; excessively. Tags: morpheme Synonyms (excessively): hyper-, ultra-, ana- Translations (excessively): ifrat- (Azerbaijani), excés (note: with nouns only) [masculine] (Catalan), sobre- (Catalan), přes- (Czech), excès (note: with nouns only) (French), sur- (French), sobre- (Galician), super- (Galician), túl- (Hungarian), agyon- (Hungarian), eccesso (note: with nouns only) (Italian), sopra- (Italian), nimius (Latin), sobre- (Portuguese), super- (Portuguese), excesso (note: with nouns only) (Portuguese), пере- (pere-) (Russian), сверх- (sverx-) (Russian), ower- (Scots), tar- (Scottish Gaelic), super- (Spanish), sobre- (Spanish), exceso (note: with nouns only) [masculine] (Spanish), hiper- (Spanish), demasiado (Spanish), excesivamente (Spanish), compounds with över (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-over--en-prefix-en:excessively Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Azerbaijani translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Yiddish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 28 0 63 4 4 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 20 0 65 11 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 31 27 7 3 28 3 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 24 5 2 37 2 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 17 7 64 5 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Azerbaijani translations: 18 8 63 5 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 18 8 63 5 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 20 6 60 6 8 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 24 0 64 9 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 19 3 66 6 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 18 3 68 5 6 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 22 0 64 6 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 20 2 63 7 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 20 0 70 7 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 20 0 70 7 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 27 2 59 6 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 26 6 59 4 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 20 0 70 7 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Scots translations: 20 6 64 4 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 29 7 54 5 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 19 0 71 8 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 18 8 64 5 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Yiddish translations: 19 8 62 5 6 Disambiguation of 'excessively': 7 0 89 0 4 Disambiguation of 'excessively': 7 0 89 0 4
  4. Surrounding or covering. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-over--en-prefix-en:surrounding_or_covering
  5. (augmentative) Exceptional; extremely or intensely. Tags: augmentative, morpheme
    Sense id: en-over--en-prefix-en:extremely_or_intensely
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: super- [augmentative], supra- [augmentative], hyper- [augmentative], ultra- [augmentative], uber- [augmentative], macro- [augmentative], arch- [augmentative], mega- [augmentative], giga- [augmentative], -zilla [augmentative], grand [augmentative]
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "over-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English over-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ofer-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ofer-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uber"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uber",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*upér"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upér",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "over-"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch over-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "über-"
      },
      "expansion": "German über-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "över-"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish över-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gor-"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gor-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "sobre-"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish sobre-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "վեր-"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian վեր- (ver-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابر"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian ابر",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "super-",
        "3": "sur-",
        "4": "hyper-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English over-, from Old English ofer-, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, Swedish över-, Welsh gor-, Spanish sobre-, Armenian վեր- (ver-), Persian ابر (abar-). Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-. More at over.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "over-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "over-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overbar, overlook"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Above, or higher."
      ],
      "id": "en-over--en-prefix-en:above_or_higher",
      "links": [
        [
          "Above",
          "above"
        ],
        [
          "higher",
          "high#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:above or higher"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "ver-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "վեր-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "vera-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "վերա-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "ifrat-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "過度"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "guòdù",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "过度"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "přes-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "pře-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "sur-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ze-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "ზე-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "über-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "felül-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "sopra-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pere-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "пере-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sverx-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "сверх-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "ower-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "tar-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "compounds with över"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 7 1 1 2",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "iber-",
          "sense": "above or higher",
          "word": "איבער־"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overlord"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Superior."
      ],
      "id": "en-over--en-prefix-en:superior",
      "links": [
        [
          "Superior",
          "superior#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:superior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "ifrat-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "přes-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ze-",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "ზე-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pere-",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "пере-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sverx-",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "сверх-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "ower-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 89 0 0 0",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "superior",
          "word": "compounds with över"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "28 0 63 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
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          "_dis": "20 0 65 11 4",
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          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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        {
          "_dis": "31 27 7 3 28 3 1",
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        {
          "_dis": "17 7 64 5 6",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "19 3 66 6 6",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 3 68 5 6",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 0 64 6 7",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 2 63 7 9",
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        {
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overkind, overloud, overstate"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Excessive; excessively."
      ],
      "id": "en-over--en-prefix-en:excessively",
      "links": [
        [
          "Excessive",
          "excessive"
        ],
        [
          "excessively",
          "excessively"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:excessively"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "hyper-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "ultra-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "ana-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "ifrat-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "note": "with nouns only",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "excés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "přes-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "note": "with nouns only",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "excès"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sur-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "túl-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "agyon-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "note": "with nouns only",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "eccesso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sopra-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "nimius"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "note": "with nouns only",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "excesso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pere-",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "пере-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sverx-",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "сверх-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "ower-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "tar-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "super-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "sobre-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "note": "with nouns only",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "exceso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "hiper-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "demasiado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "excesivamente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 0 89 0 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "excessively",
          "word": "compounds with över"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overcoat, overpaint"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Surrounding or covering."
      ],
      "id": "en-over--en-prefix-en:surrounding_or_covering",
      "links": [
        [
          "Surrounding",
          "surrounding#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "covering",
          "covering#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:surrounding or covering"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Exceptional; extremely or intensely."
      ],
      "id": "en-over--en-prefix-en:extremely_or_intensely",
      "links": [
        [
          "Exceptional",
          "exceptional"
        ],
        [
          "extremely",
          "extremely"
        ],
        [
          "intensely",
          "intensely"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(augmentative) Exceptional; extremely or intensely."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:extremely or intensely"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "augmentative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊ̯və/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈəʊ̯.və]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊ̯vəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈoʊ.vɚ]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɐʉ̯və/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɐʉ̯.vɐ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈo̝.vər]",
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈoː.bʱə(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "supra-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "hyper-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "ultra-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "uber-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "macro-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "arch-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "mega-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "giga-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "-zilla"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "grand"
    }
  ],
  "word": "over-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English prefixes",
    "English productive prefixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "over-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English over-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ofer-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ofer-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uber"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uber",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*upér"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upér",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "over-"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch over-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "über-"
      },
      "expansion": "German über-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "över-"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish över-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gor-"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gor-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "sobre-"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish sobre-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hy",
        "2": "վեր-"
      },
      "expansion": "Armenian վեր- (ver-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابر"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian ابر",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "super-",
        "3": "sur-",
        "4": "hyper-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English over-, from Old English ofer-, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér. Cognate with Dutch over-, German über-, Swedish över-, Welsh gor-, Spanish sobre-, Armenian վեր- (ver-), Persian ابر (abar-). Doublet of super-, sur-, and hyper-. More at over.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "over-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "over-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overbar, overlook"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Above, or higher."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Above",
          "above"
        ],
        [
          "higher",
          "high#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:above or higher"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overlord"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Superior."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Superior",
          "superior#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:superior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overkind, overloud, overstate"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Excessive; excessively."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Excessive",
          "excessive"
        ],
        [
          "excessively",
          "excessively"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:excessively"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "overcoat, overpaint"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Surrounding or covering."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Surrounding",
          "surrounding#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "covering",
          "covering#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:surrounding or covering"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Exceptional; extremely or intensely."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Exceptional",
          "exceptional"
        ],
        [
          "extremely",
          "extremely"
        ],
        [
          "intensely",
          "intensely"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(augmentative) Exceptional; extremely or intensely."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:extremely or intensely"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "augmentative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈəʊ̯və/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈəʊ̯.və]",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈoʊ̯vəɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈoʊ.vɚ]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɐʉ̯və/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɐʉ̯.vɐ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈo̝.vər]",
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈoː.bʱə(ɾ)]",
      "tags": [
        "India"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "hyper-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "ultra-"
    },
    {
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "ana-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "supra-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "hyper-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "ultra-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "uber-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "macro-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "arch-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "mega-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "giga-"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "-zilla"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ],
      "word": "grand"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ver-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "վեր-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "vera-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "վերա-"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "ifrat-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "過度"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "guòdù",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "过度"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "přes-"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "pře-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "sur-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ze-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "ზე-"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "über-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "felül-"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "sopra-"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pere-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "пере-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sverx-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "сверх-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "ower-"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "tar-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "compounds with över"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "iber-",
      "sense": "above or higher",
      "word": "איבער־"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "ifrat-"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "přes-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ze-",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "ზე-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pere-",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "пере-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sverx-",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "сверх-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "ower-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "superior",
      "word": "compounds with över"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "ifrat-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "note": "with nouns only",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "excés"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "přes-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "note": "with nouns only",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "excès"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sur-"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "túl-"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "agyon-"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "note": "with nouns only",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "eccesso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sopra-"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "nimius"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "note": "with nouns only",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "excesso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pere-",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "пере-"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sverx-",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "сверх-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "ower-"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "tar-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "super-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "sobre-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "note": "with nouns only",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "exceso"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "hiper-"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "demasiado"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "excesivamente"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "excessively",
      "word": "compounds with över"
    }
  ],
  "word": "over-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for over- meaning in English (10.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.